2010年智利和2011年日本海啸在华南沿岸的实测海啸波形和特征

doi:10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.06.003

热带海洋学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 17-23.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.06.003cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2014.06.003

2010年智利和2011年日本海啸在华南沿岸的实测海啸波形和特征

潘文亮¹, 王盛安¹, 孙璐², 龙小敏¹

1.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州510301;2.南海环境监测中心国家海洋局南海分局, 广东广州510300

收稿日期:2014-01-17 修回日期:2014-04-28 出版日期:2015-01-07 发布日期:2015-01-07
作者简介:潘文亮(1984~), 男, 江西省高安市人, 助理研究员, 博士, 主要从事海洋监测技术和海洋灾害研究。E-mail: venleonpan@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
广东省科技计划项目(2011A030200005); 中国科学院近海海洋观测研究网络—西沙南沙海洋观测研究站建设项目(KZCX2-EW-Y040)

Observed waveform and characteristics of the 2010 Chile and 2011 Japan tsunamis near the coast of South China

PAN Wen-liang¹, WANG Sheng-an¹, SUN Lu², LONG Xiao-min¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography ,Guangzhou 510301, China; 2. Environment Monitoring Center of the South China Sea, South China Sea Branch of State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China;

Received:2014-01-17 Revised:2014-04-28 Online:2015-01-07 Published:2015-01-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文章根据三亚湾和台山广海湾实测水位数据, 分析了2010年智利和2011年日本海啸在中国近岸传播的海啸波形。通过与2个深海海啸观测浮标(DART)观测到的海啸波形对照, 采用功率谱分析和小波分析技术, 研究远场海啸在中国华南沿岸的海啸波特征和传播规律。在2次事件中, 海啸波通过巴士海峡进入中国南海后, 大约3~4h到达华南沿岸。地形效应是决定海啸波能量的重要因素, 特定周期的海啸波得到选择性增强。海啸波在近岸海湾持续时间长达2~3d, 海啸波周期越长, 持续时间越久。2次海啸事件均未对我国沿海造成灾害性影响, 但是通过海啸波形的对比分析, 能够更好地了解南海北部地形对海啸波的响应特征, 为防范海啸提供借鉴。

关键词: 地震海啸, 智利, 日本, 海啸波形, 谱分析, 小波分析, 华南沿岸

Abstract: In this study we analyzed the sea level data from two pressure-based gauges in Sanya Bay and Guanghai Bay of Taishan to investigate the tsunami waveforms of two major tsunamis, the 2010 Chile and the 2011 Japan events. With the sea level data from two deep-ocean assessment and reporting of tsunamis (DART) stations, we focused on the far-field characteristics of tsunami waves on the coast of South China. Fourier power spectrum and wavelet analysis were used to describe the timing and spectral content of the tsunami signals. The tsunami waves of both events arrived at the coast of South China in 3~4 hours after entering the Bashi Channel. The similarities and differences between the tsunami signals of the two events were then compared to highlight the tsunami response characteristics of local topography. Spectral content of certain periods were amplified during tsunami transformation and evolution. Tsunami waves can oscillate, lasting for over 2~3 days in the bays with signals of longer period having longer duration. Though these two tsunami events did not pose disastrous impact on our coast, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of far-field tsunami characteristics on the coast of South China and will be of value for future tsunami hazard assessment.

Key words: earthquake-triggered tsunami, Chile, Japan, tsunami waveform, spectral analysis, wavelet analysis, coast of South China

中图分类号:

P731.25

潘文亮, 王盛安, 孙璐, 龙小敏. 2010年智利和2011年日本海啸在华南沿岸的实测海啸波形和特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2014, 33(6): 17-23.

PAN Wen-liang, WANG Sheng-an, SUN Lu, LONG Xiao-min. Observed waveform and characteristics of the 2010 Chile and 2011 Japan tsunamis near the coast of South China[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2014, 33(6): 17-23.

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2010年智利和2011年日本海啸在华南沿岸的实测海啸波形和特征

Observed waveform and characteristics of the 2010 Chile and 2011 Japan tsunamis near the coast of South China

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