南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区2021年秋季内波特征统计与分析*

doi:10.11978/2022265

热带海洋学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 29-41.doi: 10.11978/2022265CSTR: 32234.14.2022265

南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区2021年秋季内波特征统计与分析^*

谢波涛¹(), 黄必桂¹, 杨威²^,³(), 李锐祥²^,³, 张燕²^,³, 刘同木²^,³, 李向一²^,³

1.中海油研究总院有限责任公司, 北京, 100028
2.自然资源部南海调查中心, 广东广州 510300
3.自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室, 广东广州 510300

收稿日期:2022-12-28 修回日期:2023-03-09 出版日期:2023-11-10 发布日期:2023-03-14
作者简介:
谢波涛, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要从事海洋环境及工程设计标准研究。email:xiebt@cnooc.com.cn
*感谢航次全体调查人员在潜标数据获取过程中付出的辛勤努力。
基金资助:
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B111102003); 南海北部内波区划及工程参数研究(YXKY-ZX 10 2021); 海上油气田精细化环境预报与参数区划关键技术(YXKY-ZX 07 2020); 深水海洋环境监测及数据平台研究(KJGG2022-0202)

Characteristic statistics and analysis of internal waves in the continental slope area west of the Dongsha Plateau on the northern South China Sea in the autumn of 2021^*

XIE Botao¹(), HUANG Bigui¹, YANG Wei²^,³(), LI Ruixiang²^,³, ZHANG Yan²^,³, LIU Tongmu²^,³, LI Xiangyi²^,³

1. China National Offshore Oil Corporation Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China
2. South China Sea Marine Survey Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510300, China
3. Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510300, China

Received:2022-12-28 Revised:2023-03-09 Online:2023-11-10 Published:2023-03-14
Supported by:
Key-Area Research and Development Project of Guangdong Province(2020B111102003); Study on Internal Wave Zoning and Engineering Parameters in the North of the South China Sea(YXKY-ZX 10 2021); Key Technologies of Refined Environmental Prediction and Parameter Zoning for Offshore Oil and Gas Fields(YXKY-ZX 07 2020); Research on Deepwater Marine Environmental Monitoring and Data Platform(KJGG2022-0202)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文利用2021年9—10月布放在南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区的3套潜标观测数据分析了流花油田区内潮和内孤立波分布特征。调和分析显示, 该海域正压潮流较弱, 明显小于表底层斜压潮流。通过与全球潮汐模型对比发现, TPXO7.2对于半日分潮的模拟结果要明显优于全日分潮, 模型结果低估了O₁分潮, 而高估了K₁分潮的正压潮流振幅。调查海域斜压潮流表现为表底强化的第一斜压模态, O₁分潮的斜压潮流椭圆振幅要大于K₁分潮。观测期间, 共有4次内孤立波群集中出现, 且发生时间滞后于吕宋海峡天文大潮期3~4d。LH2站共记录了88个内波过程, 其中内孤立波31个, 内波波列57个, 内波平均振幅31m。该站非线性内波过程集中出现于每日的4—6时、11—13时和18—20时, 同时超过45%的单孤立子内波过程发生在4—6时。通过追踪9月8—12日共计5个内孤立波依次经过LH1、LH2和LH3站的传播过程, 可以计算内波在LH1至LH2站位间的传播速度为1.23m·s^-1, 在LH2至LH3站位间的传播速度为1.77m·s^-1, 同时根据线性波动方程及Kdv方程计算其理论传播速度为1.55m·s^-1。本文的统计分析结果进一步加强了对典型秋季环境下南海北部流花油田区内波特征的理解和认识。

关键词: 东沙岛, 陆坡区, 内潮, 内孤立波

Abstract:

Observations from three moorings deployed in the continental slope area west of the Dongsha Plateau on the northern South China Sea (NSCS) from September to October 2021 are collected for the characteristic analysis of internal waves and internal solitary waves in the Liuhua oilfield area. Harmonic analysis shows the barotropic currents are obviously less than the baroclinic currents on the surface and bottom water layer. By comparison with the barotropic tidal currents obtained from TOPEX/Poseidon Global Inver Solution (TPXO7.2), it is found that the model results of semidiurnal tides are significantly better than that of diurnal tides, and the simulated results underestimate the current amplitude of O₁ tidal constituent, but overestimate that of K₁ tidal constituent. The internal tides show surface-bottom intensified baroclinic mode-1 structure, and the major axis of tidal ellipse of O₁ tidal constituent is larger than that of K₁. During the whole observation period, there are four internal solitary waves (ISWs) clusters passed by the Liuhua oilfield area in total, and the appearance time lags 3~4 days behind the astronomical spring tide of Luzon Strait. There are a total of 88 ISWs recorded at mooring of LH2, including 31 solitons and 57 ISW packets, and the averaged amplitude is 31 m. The daily appearance time for the ISWs concentrates between 4~6 am, 11 am-1 pm and 6~8 pm, and more than 45% of solitons appears between 4~6 am. By tracking the propagation process passed by LH1, LH2 and LH3 of 5 ISWs appeared between 8~12 September, the calculated phase speed for the ISWs is 1.23 m·s^-1 between LH1 and LH2 and 1.77 m·s^-1 between LH2 and LH3, and the theoretical propagation speed is 1.55 m·s^-1 based on the linear wave equation and Kdv equation. The statistical results in this paper further strengthen the understanding of the internal waves in the Liuhua oilfield area on the NSCS under the typical autumn environment.

Key words: Dongsha Plateau, continental slope area, internal tides, internal solitary wave

谢波涛, 黄必桂, 杨威, 李锐祥, 张燕, 刘同木, 李向一. 南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区2021年秋季内波特征统计与分析^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(6): 29-41.

XIE Botao, HUANG Bigui, YANG Wei, LI Ruixiang, ZHANG Yan, LIU Tongmu, LI Xiangyi. Characteristic statistics and analysis of internal waves in the continental slope area west of the Dongsha Plateau on the northern South China Sea in the autumn of 2021^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(6): 29-41.

图/表 13

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参考文献 38

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站位	经度	纬度	水深/m	观测设备	观测时段	流速剖面深度范围/m
LH1	115°58.230′E	20°51.605′N	368	300 & 150kHz ADCP	08.28—11.03	12~328
LH2	115°44.422′E	20°42.006′N	378	4300 & 600kHz ADCP 4 SBE37 & 15* SBE 56	08.27—10.29	12~370
LH3	115°34.828′E	20°28.774′N	440	2* 300kHz ADCP	09.02—11.05	12~180

			长轴/(cm·s^-1)	短轴/(cm·s^-1)	倾角/°	相位/°
O₁	正压潮流		3.5	1.6	81	97
	TPXO 7.2		2.3	0.5	19	15
	斜压潮流	25m	21.3	-14.9	137	340
		105m	5.6	-1.4	118	335
		200m	2.0	-1.0	66	25
		300m	13.6	-9.7	116	163
		350m	13.4	-9.5	117	188
K₁	正压潮流		1.1	0.5	142	247
	TPXO 7.2		2.1	0.6	24	59
	斜压潮流	25m	13.3	-10.2	132	127
		105m	1.7	-0.8	96	161
		200m	4.4	-4.2	170	226
		300m	5.8	-5.2	144	312
		350m	5.6	-4.1	112	330
M₂	正压潮流		1.8	0.4	155	194
	TPXO 7.2		2.2	0.7	175	199
	斜压潮流	25m	4.6	-3.0	176	131
		105m	0.5	0.1	61	263
		200m	1.0	-0.2	149	282
		300m	2.2	-1.0	9	149
		350m	1.9	-1.3	136	12
S₂	正压潮流		1.1	0.6	163	232
	TPXO 7.2		1.1	0.6	170	225
	斜压潮流	25m	1.9	-1.7	34	244
		105m	1.6	-0.6	137	43
		200m	0.4	-0.2	156	5
		300m	0.5	-0.2	8	141
		350m	1.4	-0.8	95	316

站位	日期	时间	波致流速/(cm·s^-1)	波致流向/°	持续时间/min
LH1	09-08	03:10	54.3	332	22
	09-09	02:26	58.1	329	20
	09-10	02:50	80.8	332	18
	09-11	04:12	65.3	323	20
	09-12	04:26	46.1	343	20
LH2	09-08	05:26	55.6	325	26
	09-09	04:10	88.0	302	24
	09-10	04:20	64.1	307	22
	09-11	05:28	53.6	300	26
	09-12	05:52	49.7	313	20
LH3	09-08	06:26	83.0	294	30
	09-09	05:26	72.2	269	26
	09-10	05:18	70.1	287	22
	09-11	06:38	64.2	278	20
	09-12	07:04	76.3	293	28

南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区2021年秋季内波特征统计与分析^*

Characteristic statistics and analysis of internal waves in the continental slope area west of the Dongsha Plateau on the northern South China Sea in the autumn of 2021^*

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南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区2021年秋季内波特征统计与分析*

Characteristic statistics and analysis of internal waves in the continental slope area west of the Dongsha Plateau on the northern South China Sea in the autumn of 2021*

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南海北部东沙岛以西陆坡区2021年秋季内波特征统计与分析^*

Characteristic statistics and analysis of internal waves in the continental slope area west of the Dongsha Plateau on the northern South China Sea in the autumn of 2021^*