热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 53-79.doi: 10.11978/2025248CSTR: 32234.14.2025248

• 海洋地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

三叠纪古太平洋俯冲: 南海南部陆缘的岩浆记录*

王婵1(), 刘皓2(), 徐维海1   

  1. 1 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东 广州 510301
    2 中国科学院广州能源研究所, 广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-25 修回日期:2026-02-09 出版日期:2026-09-10 发布日期:2026-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 刘皓
  • 作者简介:

    王婵(1988—), 女, 黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市人, 助理研究员, 从事海洋地质研究。email:

    *感谢中国科学院广州地球化学研究所的苗秀全博士以及中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所的吴伟博士与我们团队的合作, 并感谢他们提供的数据。感谢成都理工大学的邓江红副教授和邓斌副教授在岩石学和岩石构造学方面给予的帮助和建议。感谢中国科学院南海海洋研究所边缘海与大洋地质实验室NK-1井研究团队提供了岩芯样本。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021-06); 国家自然科学基金项目(42206073)

Triassic subduction of the Paleo-Pacific: magmatic records from the southern continental margin of the South China Sea*

WANG Chan1(), LIU Hao2(), XU Weihai1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
    2 Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • Received:2025-12-25 Revised:2026-02-09 Online:2026-09-10 Published:2026-10-13
  • Contact: LIU Hao
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021-06); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42206073)

摘要:

三叠纪时期, 南沙微地块作为华南板块东南缘的重要组成部分, 蕴含着大量地球动力学及构造转换信息。文章选取该地块内南科1 (NK-1)井作为研究对象, 结合团队已发表的相关成果, 旨在阐明三叠纪时期古太平洋西向俯冲作用的动力学演化过程。研究获得的最新岩相学与地球化学数据显示, 岩石组合类型分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ类玄武岩-玄武安山岩(basalt-basaltic andesitic, BA)和英安岩(dacitic, DA)系列, 喷发形成于晚三叠世早期[(217.9±3.5)—(218.6±3.2)Ma], 这3个系列岩石均具有典型的弧岩浆体系地球化学特征。古太平洋平板俯冲裹挟大量陆壳前缘增生楔进入深部并重熔, 产生了大量的熔(流)体加入陆缘一侧软流圈或交代岩石圈地幔熔融, 形成Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类玄武质岩浆房(BA系列); 随着俯冲距离的增加, 板片前端发生挠曲变形, 诱发近陆一侧软流圈层上涌, 进而导致持续的底侵促使基性下地壳部分熔融, 形成了DA系列英安质岩浆房。研究区幔源岩浆持续上涌引发岩石圈减薄, 不仅为南沙微地块从华南板块裂离提供条件, 也为后期南海扩张阶段的早期陆内裂谷形成提供契机。

关键词: 古太平洋构造域, 特提斯构造域, 裂谷火山岩, 南沙微地块, 华南板块

Abstract:

The Nansha Block (NB), an important segment of the southeastern margin of the South China Block (SCB) during the Triassic period, preserves critical records of geodynamic and tectonic transition processes. To clarify the dynamic evolution process of the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean during the Triassic, Well Nanke-1 (NK-1) within this block was selected as the research target, and published research data from our team were integrated. The latest petrographic and geochemical data reveal that the rock assemblage comprises two distinct types: Type I and Type II basaltic-basaltic andesitic (BA) series and a dacitic (DA) series, which were emplaced during the early Late Triassic [(217.9 ± 3.5) to (218.6 ± 3.2) Ma]. These three series exhibit typical geochemical signatures of arc magmatism. We propose that the flat-slab subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate transported significant volumes of the continental crust frontal accretionary wedge to depths sufficient for its remelting. This process generated substantial melts/fluids, which, upon infiltration into the asthenosphere or metasomatism of the lithospheric mantle on the side of the continental margin, induced mantle melting that formed type I and type II basaltic magma chambers (BA series). With continued subduction, the leading edge of the slab experienced flexural deformation, which induced upwelling of the adjacent asthenosphere on the continental side. This upwelling, in turn, led to persistent underplating, triggering partial melting of the mafic lower crust and generating the DA series dacitic magma chambers. The sustained ascent of mantle-derived magmas during this period resulted in significant lithospheric thinning beneath the study area. This thinning not only facilitated the eventual rifting of the NB from the SCB but also preconditioned the region for the subsequent development of early intracontinental rifting during the later seafloor spreading stage of the South China Sea.

Key words: Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain, Tethyan tectonic domain, rift-related volcanic rocks, Nansha Block, South China Block

中图分类号: 

  • P736.1