斯里兰卡穹顶的演变过程及其能量学特征*

doi:10.11978/2022260

热带海洋学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1-16.doi: 10.11978/2022260CSTR: 32234.14.2022260

所属专题：全球变化专题

• 海洋水文学 • 下一篇

斯里兰卡穹顶的演变过程及其能量学特征^*

马宇¹^,²(), 王卫强³^,⁴(), 游庆龙¹, 辛红雨⁵^,⁶

1. 复旦大学大气与海洋科学系, 上海 200438
2. 中国民用航空华东地区空中交通管理局, 上海 200335
3. 热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 510301
4. 中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院, 广东广州 511458
5. 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所, 海南三亚 572000
6. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2022-12-23 修回日期:2023-04-04 出版日期:2023-09-10 发布日期:2023-04-17
作者简介:
马宇(1996—), 女, 河南省驻马店市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海洋动力学研究。email: yuma20@fudan.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0203500); 国家自然科学基金项目(91958202); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所自主部署项目(SCSIO202201); 中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院自主部署项目(ISEE2021ZD01)

The evolution and energy characteristics of the Sri Lanka Dome^*

MA Yu¹^,²(), WANG Weiqiang³^,⁴(), YOU Qinglong¹, XIN Hongyu⁵^,⁶

1. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
2. East China Air Traffic Management Bureau of Civil Aviation Administration of China, Shanghai 200335, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Guangzhou 510301, China
4. Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
5. Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academic Science, Sanya 572000, China
6. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2022-12-23 Revised:2023-04-04 Online:2023-09-10 Published:2023-04-17
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0203500); National Natural Science Foundation of China(91958202); Development Fund of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO202201); Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences(ISEE2021ZD01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文章基于混合坐标海洋模式(hybrid coordinate ocean model, HYCOM)等多套再分析资料, 研究了气候态斯里兰卡穹顶(Sri Lanka Dome, SLD)的演变过程及其能量学特征。研究显示, SLD有两次从发展、成熟至减弱的过程, 相伴随的是其涡动能(eddy kinetic energy, EKE)也出现两次峰值。在第一次发展阶段(5月23日—6月10日), SLD在斯里兰卡的东南部开始发展, 并逐渐移向东部, 伴随着面积和强度逐渐增大。在此过程中, 风应力持续输入EKE, 海洋不稳定过程使得平均流能量转化为EKE和涡势能(eddy available potential energy, EPE), 以及西南季风流(southwest monsoon current, SMC)的平流作用, 均使得SLD迅速加强。在成熟阶段(6月11—22日), SLD位于斯里兰卡东部, 风应力做功和涡流相互作用的增强使得SLD区域内的EKE和EPE达到第一个峰值。在减弱阶段(6月23日—7月20日), SLD向西北移动, 由于平流项引起EKE和EPE的耗散, 加上风应力做功和斜压不稳定显著减小, 使得SLD区域的EKE和EPE衰减, 强度显著减小。而在稳定阶段(7月21日—8月14日), SLD移至斯里兰卡东北部, 风应力做功, 压强做功和涡流相互作用较弱, 使得SLD的强度始终维持一个较弱的水平。在第二次发展阶段(8月15—25日), SLD北移, 伴随着风应力做功和压强做功的增强, 其强度增大。在消亡阶段(8月26日—9月5日), 海洋不稳定过程使得EKE和EPE转化为平均流能量, 导致SLD逐渐消亡。因此, 风应力做功、涡流相互作用、压强做功以及源自SMC的平流作用是控制SLD演变的主要因子。

关键词: 斯里兰卡穹顶, 涡流相互作用, 能量学分析, 中尺度涡, 西南季风漂流

Abstract:

This study systematically investigates the evolution and energy characteristics of the climatic Sri Lanka Dome (SLD) using hybrid coordinate ocean model (HYCOM) and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis datasets. The results show that the SLD undergoes two peaks of intensity and eddy kinetic energy (EKE) during its lifecycle. During the first development stage (May 23 to June 10), SLD shifts from the southeast to the east of Sri Lanka, and its area gets wider while its intensity gets stronger. The strengthening of the SLD is attributed to a combination of wind stress work, eddy-mean flow interaction, and advection of the southwest monsoon current (SMC). During the mature stage (June 11 to 22), when the SLD is located to the east of Sri Lanka, the EKE and eddy available potential energy (EPE) in the SLD region reaches its first peak due to enhanced wind stress work and eddy-mean flow interaction. During the weakening stage (June 23 to July 20), the SLD moves northwestward and loses EKE and EPE due to the dissipation of the advection term, reduction of wind stress work and baroclinic instability. During the stable stage (July 21 to August 14), the SLD shifts to the northeast of Sri Lanka, with weaker wind stress work, pressure work, and eddy-mean flow interaction, which keeps the strength of the SLD at a weak level. During the second development stage (August 15 to 25), the SLD moves northward with increased intensity, mainly due to enhanced wind stress and pressure work. During the decay stage (August 26 to September 5), the process of ocean internal instability transforms EKE and EPE into mean flow energy, weakening the SLD. In summary, wind stress work, eddy-mean flow interaction, pressure work, and the advection of SMC are all essential factors in the evolution of SLD.

Key words: Sri Lanka Dome, eddy-mean flow interaction, energy analysis, mesoscale eddy, southwest monsoon current

马宇, 王卫强, 游庆龙, 辛红雨. 斯里兰卡穹顶的演变过程及其能量学特征^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(5): 1-16.

MA Yu, WANG Weiqiang, YOU Qinglong, XIN Hongyu. The evolution and energy characteristics of the Sri Lanka Dome^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 1-16.

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斯里兰卡穹顶的演变过程及其能量学特征^*

The evolution and energy characteristics of the Sri Lanka Dome^*

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斯里兰卡穹顶的演变过程及其能量学特征*

The evolution and energy characteristics of the Sri Lanka Dome*

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斯里兰卡穹顶的演变过程及其能量学特征^*

The evolution and energy characteristics of the Sri Lanka Dome^*