2014年春季南海中沙群岛北部海域的低温高盐水及其形成机制*

doi:10.11978/2014113

热带海洋学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 1-9.doi: 10.11978/2014113CSTR: 32234.14.2014113

• 海洋水文学 • 下一篇

2014年春季南海中沙群岛北部海域的低温高盐水及其形成机制^*

田永青^{1, 2}, 黄洪辉², 巩秀玉², 余少梅²

1. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所, 福建厦门361005; 2. 广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所, 广东广州 510300

收稿日期:2014-09-25 修回日期:2015-08-28 出版日期:2016-02-29 发布日期:2016-02-29
通讯作者: 黄洪辉(1972—) , 男, 江西省南昌市人, 博士; 主要从事海洋生态学研究。E-mail: huanghh@scsfri.ac.cn
作者简介:田永青(1985—), 男, 河北省石家庄市人, 硕士; 主要从事南海环流动力学研究。E-mail: yqtian@tiosoa.cn
基金资助:
国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2013035); 农业部财政重大专项(NFZX2013); 海洋公益性行业科研专项(201005005-2); “全球变化与海气相互作用”专项(GASI-03-01-01-03); 中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA1102030104); 科技基础性工作专项(2008FY110100)

The formation mechanism of the low temperature and high salinity water mass near the Zhongsha Islands in the South China Sea in March 2014

TIAN Yongqing^{1, 2}, HUANG Honghui², GONG Xiuyu², YU Shaomei²

1. Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China; 2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China

Received:2014-09-25 Revised:2015-08-28 Online:2016-02-29 Published:2016-02-29
Contact: HUANG Honghui. E-mail: huanghh@scsfri.ac.cn
Supported by:
Scientific Research Foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA (2013035); Financial Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture (NFZX2013); Global Change And Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction (GASI-03-01-01-03); The Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Leading Science and Technology Projects (XDA1102030104); The National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Marine Sector (201005005-2); The Basic Work of Science and Technology Special (2008FY110100)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分析了2014年3月南海中部调查航次的温盐数据, 发现在中沙群岛北部海域存在一显著的低温高盐水团, 在表层(5m)低温水体核心仅25℃, 比周边测站至少低1℃, 高盐核心值达34.11‰, 比周边站位至少高0.74‰。该水体影响范围水平上约1个经度×1.5个纬度, 垂直深度仅在30m以浅, 持续时间约13d。结合地形、卫星高度计和风场数据, 揭示该水团的生消过程及动力机制: 3月初吕宋冷涡系统脱落出一个强的中尺度冷涡往西传播, 遇到陆架区(115°E, 18°N附近)发生停滞和形变, 其南部边缘则在地形和风场的诱导下, 再次脱落出一个小的气旋涡, 即观测到的低温高盐水团, 并沿3000m等深线向南传播至中沙群岛附近海域。该水团的消失是由于3月29日至4月初东北风转为偏南风, 偏南风加速了南部暖水与低温高盐水团的混合变性, 并最终使得该水团消亡。

关键词: 中沙群岛, 吕宋冷涡, 东北季风, 低温高盐水, 中尺度涡

Abstract: Based on the analysis of temperature and salinity survey data in the central South China Sea (SCS) in March2014, we found that there existed a notable low temperature and high salinity water mass in the northern Zhongsha Islands. The core temperature of the water mass was only 25℃ in the surface layer (5 m), which was lower than that at the surrounding stations by at least 1℃, and its core salinity was 34.11 psu, which was higher than that at the surrounding stations by at least 0.74 psu. Furthermore, the water mass had influence on an area of about 1 longitude by 1.5 latitude, just 30 m from the sea surface, and it could last approximately for 13 days. Combining with the topography data, satellite altimeter data and wind data, we demonstrated the forming and decaying processes and dynamic mechanisms of the water mass. In early March, a strong mesoscale cold eddy shed from the Luzon cold eddy system and propagated to the west; it stagnated and deformed when encountering the continental shelf at about 115°E, 18°N. However, under the induction of topography and wind, the southern edge of the strong mesoscale cold eddy shed a small cyclonic eddy again, namely, the low temperature and high salinity water mass that was observed. The water mass propagated to the Zhongsha Islands area around the 3000m isobath. The water mass vanished owing to the wind direction change from the northeasterly on March 29to the southerly at the beginning of April. The southerly wind accelerated the mixing between the southern warm water and the low temperature and high salinity water mass, and then the low temperature and high salinity water mass disappeared at last.

Key words: Zhongsha Islands, Luzon cold eddy, northeast monsoon, low temperature and high salinity water mass, mesoscale eddy

田永青, 黄洪辉, 巩秀玉, 余少梅. 2014年春季南海中沙群岛北部海域的低温高盐水及其形成机制^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2016, 35(2): 1-9.

TIAN Yongqing, HUANG Honghui, GONG Xiuyu, YU Shaomei. The formation mechanism of the low temperature and high salinity water mass near the Zhongsha Islands in the South China Sea in March 2014[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(2): 1-9.

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2014年春季南海中沙群岛北部海域的低温高盐水及其形成机制^*

The formation mechanism of the low temperature and high salinity water mass near the Zhongsha Islands in the South China Sea in March 2014

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