海洋酸化和低氧及其节律性变化对海蜇碟状幼体的影响

doi:10.11978/2022007

热带海洋学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 114-124.doi: 10.11978/2022007CSTR: 32234.14.2022007

海洋酸化和低氧及其节律性变化对海蜇碟状幼体的影响

吴钟启悦¹^,²^,³(), 王雷³(), 陈立飞⁴, 李秀保¹^,²(), 董志军³

1.海南大学海洋学院, 海南海口 570228
2.海南大学, 南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室, 海南海口 570228
3.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 牟平海岸带环境综合试验站, 山东烟台 264003
4.江苏省盐城市射阳县金洋水产原种场, 江苏盐城 224351

收稿日期:2022-01-13 修回日期:2022-03-17 出版日期:2022-11-10 发布日期:2022-03-25
通讯作者: 王雷,李秀保
作者简介:吴钟启悦(1996—), 男, 江西省萍乡市人, 硕士, 从事海洋生物学研究。email: wuzhongqiyue@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(Y911051021)

Effects of diurnal changes of ocean acidification and hypoxia on the ephyrae of Rhopilema esculentum

WUZHONG Qiyue¹^,²^,³(), WANG Lei³(), CHEN Lifei⁴, LI Xiubao¹^,²(), DONG Zhijun³

1. College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
3. Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
4. Jinyang Aquatic Product Original Seed Farm, Yancheng 224351, China

Received:2022-01-13 Revised:2022-03-17 Online:2022-11-10 Published:2022-03-25
Contact: WANG Lei, LI Xiubao
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(Y911051021)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类生产活动引起的全球气候变化加剧作为重要的环境问题, 海洋中pCO₂和溶解氧的失衡及富营养化加剧了许多沿海生态系统的酸化和低氧现象。海蜇(Rhopilema esculentum)为我国重要的渔业资源之一, 具有食用价值及潜在药用价值。本研究评估了海蜇碟状幼体在海洋酸化和低氧及其昼夜节律变化胁迫下的生理响应: 碟状幼体暴露于两个pH水平(酸化pH 7.6, 正常pH 8.1)和两个溶解氧水平(低氧2mg·L^-1, 常氧7mg·L^-1)维持7d, 胁迫因素维持恒定或昼夜节律性变化, 测定其伞部直径、收缩频率及酸碱平衡、免疫和抗氧化相关酶活力。研究表明, 海洋酸化和低氧在不同程度上影响海蜇碟状幼体的生理代谢和生长发育, 且酸化和低氧之间表现出部分拮抗作用, 昼夜波动的暴露模式对海蜇碟状幼体的损伤程度大于恒定的暴露模式。

关键词: 海蜇, 海洋酸化, 海洋低氧, 日变化, 生理生态

Abstract:

The anthropogenic aggravation of global climate change is an important environmental problem, and the imbalance between pCO₂ and dissolved oxygen in the ocean and eutrophication have aggravated the acidification and hypoxia of many coastal ecosystems. Rhopilema esculentum is one of the most important fishery resources in China, which has edible value and potential medicinal value. In this study, the physiological responses of the ephyrae of R. esculentum under the stress of ocean acidification and hypoxia and their circadian rhythm changes were evaluated: the ephyrae was exposed to two levels of pH (acidified pH 7.6; normal pH 8.1) and two dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (hypoxia 2 mg·L^-1; normoxic 7 mg·L^-1) for 7 days. The stress factors remained constant or fluctuating, and the bell diameter, pulsation rates and activities of acid-base balance, immunity and antioxidation related enzymes of ephyrae were measured. The results showed that the ocean acidification and hypoxia affected the physiological metabolism, growth and development of R. esculentum ephyrae in different degrees, and there was a partial antagonism between acidification and hypoxia. The effects of diurnal fluctuating exposure mode to R. esculentum ephyrae was more harmful than that of constant exposure mode.

Key words: Rhopilema esculentum, ocean acidification, ocean hypoxia, diurnal change, physiological ecology

中图分类号:

Q958

吴钟启悦, 王雷, 陈立飞, 李秀保, 董志军. 海洋酸化和低氧及其节律性变化对海蜇碟状幼体的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022, 41(6): 114-124.

WUZHONG Qiyue, WANG Lei, CHEN Lifei, LI Xiubao, DONG Zhijun. Effects of diurnal changes of ocean acidification and hypoxia on the ephyrae of Rhopilema esculentum[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(6): 114-124.

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参数	恒定				波动pH			波动DO			波动pH-DO
参数	对照	酸化	低氧	酸化低氧耦合	白天	夜间	平均值	白天	夜间	平均值	白天	夜间	平均值
pH	8.11 ±0.02	7.58 ±0.01	8.13 ±0.01	7.61 ±0.02	8.02 ±0.01	7.20 ±0.02	7.61 ±0.41	8.08 ±0.02	8.10 ±0.01	8.09 ±0.02	8.01 ±0.01	7.20 ±0.01	7.60 ±0.41
DO/(mg·L^-1)	7.18 ±0.09	7.22 ±0.10	2.10 ±0.11	1.98 ±0.10	7.19 ±0.05	7.20 ±0.06	7.20 ±0.06	3.02 ±0.23	1.18 ±0.09	2.10 ±0.94	3.04 ±0.16	0.89 ±0.05	1.97 ±1.08
盐度/‰	32.05 ±0.04	32.02 ±0.03	32.05 ±0.04	31.92 ±0.13	31.88 ±0.16	31.89 ±0.08	31.88 ±0.13	31.97 ±0.10	31.92 ±0.09	31.95 ±0.10	31.97 ±0.09	31.88 ±0.03	31.92 ±0.08
温度/℃	17.97 ±0.15	18.04 ±0.03	18.13 ±0.16	18.04 ±0.12	18.03 ±0.12	17.97 ±0.16	18.00 ±0.14	18.17 ±0.08	18.09 ±0.08	18.13 ±0.09	18.11 ±0.18	17.91 ±0.07	18.01 ±0.17
TA/(µmol·kg^-1)	2180 ±43	2116 ±30	2125 ±27	2118 ±25	2238 ±43	2196 ±40	2217 ±42	2211 ±47	2233 ±25	2222 ±38	2232 ±27	2217 ±18	2225 ±21
pCO₂/μatm	463 ±23	1679 ±57	423 ±14	1568 ±72	593 ±11	4393 ±186	2493 ±1904	502 ±29	480 ±12	491 ±25	613 ±19	4443 ±137	2528 ±1917
DIC/(µmol·kg^-1)	1994 ±41	2108 ±28	1931 ±26	2102 ±25	2086 ±34	2320 ±35	2203 ±122	2035 ±47	2047 ±17	2041 ±36	2085 ±24	2344 ±13	2215 ±131
方解石饱和度	3.34 ±0.13	1.09 ±0.02	3.42 ±0.06	1.16 ±0.04	2.90 ±0.09	0.47 ±0.02	1.69 ±1.22	3.24 ±0.12	3.40 ±0.10	3.32 ±0.14	2.82 ±0.10	0.48 ±0.01	1.65 ±1.17
文石饱和度	3.34 ±0.13	0.70 ±0.01	2.20 ±0.04	0.75 ±0.03	1.86 ±0.06	0.31 ±0.01	1.09 ±0.78	2.08 ±0.07	2.19 ±0.07	2.14 ±0.09	1.82 ±0.07	0.31 ±0.00	1.06 ±0.76

生理指标	因素	df	MS	F	P
伞部直径	pH	1	0.980	1.470	0.231
	DO	1	1.912	2.865	0.096
	pH×DO	1	0.250	0.374	0.543
收缩频率	pH	1	2522.017	10.344	0.002
	DO	1	2706.817	11.102	0.002
	pH×DO	1	799.350	3.278	0.076
Ca²⁺-ATP酶	pH	1	8.991	148.768	<0.001
	DO	1	0.000	0.002	0.961
	pH×DO	1	1.126	18.631	<0.001
Na⁺K⁺-ATP酶	pH	1	29.029	47.032	<0.001
	DO	1	43.547	70.554	<0.001
	pH×DO	1	11.776	19.079	<0.001
酸性磷酸酶	pH	1	1779.697	69.081	<0.001

生理指标	因素	df	MS	F	P
伞部直径	pH	1	1.653	3.065	0.085
	DO	1	2.046	3.793	0.056
	pH×DO	1	0.968	1.794	0.186
收缩频率	pH	1	4437.600	9.869	0.003
	DO	1	4001.667	8.900	0.004
	pH×DO	1	912.600	2.030	0.160
Ca²⁺-ATP酶	pH	1	0.007	0.177	0.678
	DO	1	0.093	2.329	0.143
	pH×DO	1	2.097	52.710	<0.001
Na⁺K⁺-ATP酶	pH	1	40.397	35.235	<0.001
	DO	1	66.475	57.982	<0.001
	pH×DO	1	35.541	31.000	<0.001
酸性磷酸酶	pH	1	343.219	47.102	<0.001
	DO	1	24.000	3.294	0.085
	pH×DO	1	558.655	76.668	<0.001
碱性磷酸酶	pH	1	4.621	0.075	0.787
	DO	1	95.914	1.563	0.226
	pH×DO	1	4052.673	66.045	<0.001
过氧化氢酶	pH	1	94.056	19.397	<0.001
	DO	1	167.074	34.456	<0.001
	pH×DO	1	68.204	14.066	0.001
丙二醛	pH	1	6.288	39.084	<0.001
	DO	1	5.818	36.164	<0.001
	pH×DO	1	4.597	28.572	<0.001

海洋酸化和低氧及其节律性变化对海蜇碟状幼体的影响

Effects of diurnal changes of ocean acidification and hypoxia on the ephyrae of Rhopilema esculentum

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