热带海草泰来草沉积物真菌的群落结构、功能与分子生态网络研究

doi:10.11978/2022226

热带海洋学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 64-75.doi: 10.11978/2022226CSTR: 32234.14.2022226

热带海草泰来草沉积物真菌的群落结构、功能与分子生态网络研究

凌娟¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), 梁童茵¹^,²^,³^,⁶, 岳维忠¹, 黄小芳¹^,²^,³^,⁵^,⁶, 孙翠慈¹, 张健¹, 张煜航¹^,²^,³^,⁶, 周卫国¹, 董俊德¹^,²^,³^,⁴()

1. 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 广东广州 510301
2. 三亚海洋生态环境工程研究院, 海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室, 海南三亚 572000
3. 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 粤东上升流区海洋生态系统综合观测研究站, 广东汕头 515041
4. 中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站, 海南三亚 572000
5. 中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院, 广东广州 511458
6. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2022-10-24 修回日期:2022-12-09 出版日期:2023-09-10 发布日期:2022-12-26
作者简介:
凌娟, 研究员, 从事微生物海洋学及资源利用研究。email: lingjuan@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
海南省自然科学基金项目(422QN440); 国家自然科学基金项目(41676163); 国家自然科学基金项目(42276160); 国家自然科学基金项目(42206129); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2023A1515012124); 广东省科技计划项目(2021B1212050023); 广东省科技计划项目(2020B1212060058)

Community structure, function, and molecular ecological network of fungi in the tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii sediment

LING Juan¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), LIANG Tongyin¹^,²^,³^,⁶, YUE Weizhong¹, HUANG Xiaofang¹^,²^,³^,⁵^,⁶, SUN Cuici¹, ZHANG Jian¹, ZHANG Yuhang¹^,²^,³^,⁶, ZHOU Weiguo¹, DONG Junde¹^,²^,³^,⁴()

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China
3. Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shantou 515041, China
4. Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
5. Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 5114581,China
6. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2022-10-24 Revised:2022-12-09 Online:2023-09-10 Published:2022-12-26
Supported by:
Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(422QN440); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41676163); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42276160); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42206129); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515012124); Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China(2021B1212050023); Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China(2020B1212060058)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

真菌是海草床生态系统的重要组成部分, 它们在维持海草健康和生态系统碳氮等营养元素循环方面发挥着重要作用。为了阐明海草床生态系统真菌的群落结构及功能, 文章以热带海草泰来草(Thalassia hemprichii)沉积物为主要研究对象, 通过Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术分析海南岛和西沙群岛两个研究区域泰来草沉积物真菌的群落结构与物种多样性, 并利用FUNGuild数据库对真菌营养类型进行预测和功能注释。研究结果表明, 子囊菌门(Ascomycota)(相对丰度24.30%~76.20%)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)(相对丰度4.98%~52.24%)为两个研究区域的共同优势种群, 但是子囊菌门真菌的相对丰度在两个研究区域间存在显著性差异(p<0.05), 两个区域内共有的海草沉积物真菌分类操作单元(operational taxonomic units, OTUs)数量占比为5.15%, 其相对丰度为31.19%。两个研究区域泰来草沉积物真菌群落的α多样性指数中的香农指数(Shannon)和系统发育多样性(phylogenetic diversity)以及β多样性之间都存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。FUNGuild功能预测分析表明, 大部分真菌的营养类型尚未确定(72.11%~91.92%), 其中能够确定的主要营养类型为共生营养型(symbiotroph)、腐生营养型(saprotroph)和病理营养型(pathotroph), 3种营养型可以进一步分为41个生态功能群。基于随机矩阵理论(random matrix theory, RMT)构建的两个研究区域海草泰来草沉积物真菌分子生态网络结果显示, 海南岛泰来草沉积物真菌网络结构更加复杂, 其平均聚类系数更高、平均连通度更高、密度更高, 该真菌群落可能对外界环境变化更为敏感, 而西沙群岛海草沉积物真菌群落的模块化程度更高, 其中粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes)为分子生态网络中的关键类群。

关键词: 海草床生态系统, 真菌群落, FUNGuild, 营养类型, 分子生态网络

Abstract:

Fungi are essential components of seagrass ecosystems, and they play important roles in maintaining seagrass health and nutrient cycling in the ecosystem. To elucidate the fungal community structure and their functions in seagrass sediment, we used Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique to investigate the fungi in sediments of tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii in Hainan Island and Xisha Islands, respectively. FUNGuild database was introduced to predict fungi trophic types and annotate fungi guilds. Results showed that phylum Ascomycota (relative abundance 24.30% ~ 76.20%) and Basidiomycota (relative abundance 4.98% ~ 52.24%) were the dominant phyla in the two study areas, but the relative abundance of phylum Ascomycota was significantly different between the two study areas (p < 0.05). The percentage of OTUs numbers in seagrass sediment fungi shared in the two regions was 5.15%, and their relative abundance was 31.19%. In addition, there were significant differences between the Alpha diversity index (Shannon and Phylogenetic diversity) and Beta diversity of the fungal communities of seagrass sediments in the two study areas (p < 0.05). The FUNGuild functional prediction analysis revealed that the main fungal trophic types were undetermined (relative abundance 72.11% ~ 91.92%). The trophic types of the rest fungi were Symbiotroph, Saprotroph, and Pathotroph, and these three trophic types could be further divided into 41 functional guilds. Network analysis for fungal groups based on random matrix theory (RMT) showed that the fungi network structure of seagrass T. hemprichii sediment in Hainan Island was more complex, with higher average clustering coefficients, longer average path lengths, and higher densities. These fungal communities may be more sensitive to environmental change. While the fungal communities of seagrass T. hemprichii sediment in Xisha Islands were more modulized, the fungus belonging to Class Sordariomycetes was the key taxon in the molecular ecological network. This study provides essential primary data and theoretical support for further study on the structure and function of fungi in seagrass ecosystems, microbial resource mining, and ecological applications.

Key words: seagrass ecosystem, fungi community, FUNGuild, trophic type, molecular ecological network

凌娟, 梁童茵, 岳维忠, 黄小芳, 孙翠慈, 张健, 张煜航, 周卫国, 董俊德. 热带海草泰来草沉积物真菌的群落结构、功能与分子生态网络研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(5): 64-75.

LING Juan, LIANG Tongyin, YUE Weizhong, HUANG Xiaofang, SUN Cuici, ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Yuhang, ZHOU Weiguo, DONG Junde. Community structure, function, and molecular ecological network of fungi in the tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii sediment[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 64-75.

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序号	分组	编号	样品	采样地	海草种类组成	具体时间	经纬度
1	海南岛	XCT	泰来草沉积物	海南岛陵水新村湾海草特别保护区	泰来草海菖蒲	2015年6月1日	18°30′N, 109°59′E
2	海南岛	SYT	泰来草沉积物	海南岛三亚珊瑚礁自然保护区	泰来草	2015年6月1日	18°12′N, 109°30′E
3	西沙群岛	YXT	泰来草沉积物	西沙群岛永兴岛	泰来草、喜盐草、二药草	2015年5月28日	16°50′32″N, 112°20′41″E
4	西沙群岛	SDT	泰来草沉积物	西沙群岛石岛	泰来草、喜盐草	2015年5月28日	16°50'06″N, 112°22′10″E

研究区域	分子生态网络									随机网络
研究区域	节点	连线数	阈值	平均连通度	平均聚集系数	平均路径长度	模块性 (模块数)	密度	正相关	平均路径长度	平均聚集系数A	模块性
海南岛	61	515	0.950	16.885	0.589	2.308	0.172(4)	0.281	51.46%	1.862±0.024	0.524±0.016	0.111±0.009
西沙群岛	101	201	0.890	3.980	0.257	4.776	0.740(8)	0.040	57.71%	3.433 ±0.064	0.040 ± 0.013	0.458±0.013

热带海草泰来草沉积物真菌的群落结构、功能与分子生态网络研究

Community structure, function, and molecular ecological network of fungi in the tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii sediment

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