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热带海洋学报

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钦州湾茅岭江河口红树林湿地动态变化过程

王日明1, 苏金恒1, 2, 戴志军3*, 吴天亮2, 谢晓雯2, 黄春梅1, 李兴荣4, 张尚宇4


 

  

  1. 1. 北部湾大学 广西北部湾海洋环境变化与灾害研究重点实验室/资源与环境学院，广西 钦州 535011；

    2. 南宁师范大学 北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室，广西 南宁 530001；

    3. 华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海 200062；

    4. 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司，广州 510230

  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-04-11 接受日期:2025-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 戴志军
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学重点基金（41930537）；国家自然科学基金（42366009）；钦州市科学研究与技术开发计划项目（20223623）

Dynamic changes in mangrove wetland of the Maolingjiang Estuary, Ｑinzhou Gulf

WANG Riming1, SU Jinheng1, 2, DAI Zhijun3*, WU Tianliang2, XIE Xiaowen2, HUANG Chunmei1, LI Xingrong4, ZHANG Shangyu4   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in Beibu Gulf /College of Resources and Environment, Beibu Gulf University,  Qinzhou 535011, China;

    2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Resource Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China

    3. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;

    4. CCCC-FHDI Engineering Co.,Ltd., Guangzhou 510300, China.

  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-04-11 Accepted:2025-04-16
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation Key Program（41930537）, National Natural Science Foundation of China（42366009), Qinzhou Scientific Research and Technology Development Program（20223623）.

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摘要： 生长在热带及亚热带潮间带的红树林湿地是极为重要的滨海生态系统，在抵御台风、存贮碳及维护海堤安全具有重要价值。然而，复杂的陆海胁迫应力引起红树林发生较大规模损失。理解红树林湿地动态变化有利于全面系统掌握其损失及其缘由，为其受损修复提供关键支撑。基于此，本文基于Google Earth Engine平台提取1992-2021年钦州湾茅岭江河口红树林潮滩动态变化信息，探讨红树林湿地增减状态及影响因素。/t/n（1）截至2021年，茅岭江河口1 494.40 hm2的潮滩分布有以桐花树为建群种的红树林707.76 hm2。红树林主要分布在大坜墩外滩和团和岛尾潮滩，靠干流南侧的梁屋外滩红树林分布最少。（2）1992-2021年，茅岭江河口潮滩经历先“增加—减少—增加”的变化过程，红树林面积一直保持增加趋势。（3）高强度人类活动是茅岭江河口红树林动态变化的主要驱动力，政策法规的出台确保了区域红树林潮滩的可持续发展，径－潮流水动力直接驱动潮滩与红树林向海发育。探明茅岭江河口潮滩红树林动态变化，对人工种植红树林地址与红树林保护政策制定具有指导意义。

关键词: 红树林林缘线, 潮滩, 茅岭江河口, Google Earth Engine

Abstract: Mangrove wetlands, located in the intertidal zone of the tropics and subtropics, are one of the extremely important coastal ecosystems, which are of great value in typhoon resistance, coastal seawall protection and carbon sequestration. However, complex couplings between land and sea forcings have caused a large-scale loss of mangrove forests worldwidely. Understanding the dynamic changes of mangrove wetlands is crucial for furtherly realization of their losses and causes, which can provide necessary support for the better restoration of the destructive mangrove forest. Based on the Google Earth Engine platform, the spatial and temporal dynamic information of mangrove wetlands was extracted over the MaolingJiang Estuary of Beibu Gulf between 1992-2021, and then mangrove dynamic changes and associated impacted factors were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) As of 2021, the tidal flats at the Maolingjiang estuary contain 707.76 hm2 of mangrove with Aegiceras corniculatum as the building species. Mangroves are mainly distributed in the Dalidun Bund and Tuanhe Island Tail tidal flats, with the least distribution in the Liangwu Bund near the southern side of the main stream. (2) From 1992 to 2021, the tidal flat at the Maolingjiang estuary experienced a change process of "increase - decrease - increase", and the mangrove area maintained an increasing trend. (3) High-intensity human activities are the main driving force of mangrove dynamic change in the Maolingjiang estuary. The promulgation of policies and regulations ensures the sustainable development of the regional mangrove tidal flats, and the channel-tidal water dynamics directly drive the development of the tidal flats and mangroves to the sea. The study of mangrove dynamic changes in the tidal flats at the Maolingjiang estuary is of guiding significance to the location of mangrove plantations and the formulation of mangrove protection policies.

Key words: Mangrove Forest Margin Line, Tidal Flat, Maolingjiang Estuary, Google Earth Engine