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热带海洋学报

• • 上一篇    

广西优势海草卵叶喜盐草生长繁殖的季节变化及斑块中心-边缘效应

郑侦明1,2,3, 于硕1,2,3, 黄宇洲1,2,3, 朱方超1,2,3, 陈旭阳1,2,3, 熊志祥1,2,3,4, 刘佩佩1,2,3   

  1. 1. 自然资源部第四海洋研究所, 自然资源部热带海洋生态系统与生物资源重点实验室, 广西 北海 536000;

    2. 自然资源部第四海洋研究所, 广西北部湾海洋资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室, 广西 北海 536000;

    3. 自然资源部第四海洋研究所, 自然资源部北部湾滨海湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 广西 北海 536000;

    4. 广西大学资源环境与材料学院, 广西 南宁, 530004

  • 收稿日期:2025-03-08 修回日期:2025-06-04 接受日期:2025-06-13
  • 通讯作者: 于硕
  • 基金资助:

    广西自然科学基金面上基金项目(2023GXNSFAA026466); 国家自然科学基金项目(42141016); 自然资源部第四海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(202203)

Seasonal variations in growth and reproduction of Halophila ovalis, dominant seagrass in Guangxi, and their center-edge effects within patches

ZHENG Zhenming1,2,3, YU Shuo1,2,3, HUANG Yuzhou1,2,3, ZHU Fangchao1,2,3, CHEN Xuyang1,2,3, XIONG Zhixiang1,2,3,4, LIU Peipei1,2,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China;

    2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China;

    3. Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China;

    4. School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

  • Received:2025-03-08 Revised:2025-06-04 Accepted:2025-06-13
  • Supported by:

    The Guangxi Natural Science Foundation General Program Project (2023GXNSFAA026466); National Natural Science Foundation of China (42141016); Scientific Research Fund of the Fourth Institute of Oceanography, MNR (202203)

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摘要： 卵叶喜盐草(Halophila ovalis)为雌雄异株海草物种，兼具有性繁殖和克隆繁殖。本文以广西竹林海域的卵叶喜盐草种群作为研究对象，对海草生长繁殖进行4个季节的监测，并分析卵叶喜盐草雌株和雄株在海草斑块中心和边缘的繁殖差异。结果表明，卵叶喜盐草的密度、盖度和生物量均是春季达到最高，分别为47%±9%, (2967.36±661.96)ind.·m-2和(37.68±8.85)gDW·m-2，年平均盖度为38%±14%，年平均茎枝密度为(1851.02±1036.81)ind.·m-2，年平均生物量为(27.60±13.97)gDW·m-2。卵叶喜盐草在春季出现雌、雄花。斑块中心的海草密度和生物量均显著高于斑块边缘，大型底栖生物的生物量也表现为相同趋势。雄株的节间长显著低于雌株的节间长，但雌株和雄株斑块中心和边缘的节间长没有显著差异。该研究结果初步揭示了卵叶喜盐草的繁殖特征，可为后续卵叶喜盐草海草床的保护与修复提供科学理论依据。

关键词: 卵叶喜盐草, 季节变化, 有性繁殖, 中心-边缘效应, 广西海域

Abstract: Halophila ovalis is a dioecious seagrass species capable of both sexual reproduction and clonal propagation. This study investigated the seasonal growth and reproductive characteristics of H. ovalis population through quarterly monitoring in Zhulin, Guangxi, with particular focus on reproductive differences between female and male individuals at the center and edges of seagrass patches. Results showed that the density, coverage, and biomass of H. ovalis peaked in spring, reaching 47%±9%, (2967.36±661.96)ind.·m-2, and (37.68±8.85)gDW·m-2, respectively. Annual averages were 38%±14% for coverage, (1851.02±1036.81)ind.·m-2 for shoot density, and (27.60±13.97)gDW·m-2 for biomass. Sexual reproduction occurred in spring, with distinct female and male flowers. Both seagrass density and biomass were significantly higher at patch centers than at edges, a pattern mirrored in macrobenthic biomass. Male individuals exhibited significantly shorter internode length than females, though no significant differences were observed between center and edge positions within either sex. These findings provide fundamental insights into the reproductive ecology of H. ovalis, offering scientific support for the conservation and restoration of seagrass beds.

Key words: Halophila ovalis, seasonal variation, sexual reproduction, center-edge effect, Guangxi sea areas