不同IPO位相下两类El Niño事件次表层非线性动力加热项的贡献差异

doi:10.11978/2025113

热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 83-94.doi: 10.11978/2025113CSTR: 32234.14.2025113

不同IPO位相下两类El Niño事件次表层非线性动力加热项的贡献差异

栗玉振¹^,²(), 孟祥凤¹^,²()

¹ 海洋动力—物理环境与智能感知全国重点实验室(中国海洋大学), 山东青岛 266100
² 中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院, 山东青岛 266100

收稿日期:2025-07-21 修回日期:2025-10-19 出版日期:2026-05-10 发布日期:2026-05-28
通讯作者: 孟祥凤。email: mengxf@ouc.edu.cn
作者简介:
栗玉振(2001—), 男, 山东省德州市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海气相互作用研究。email: liyuzhen@stu.ouc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0805200); 国家自然科学基金(41976015)

Differences in subsurface nonlinear dynamical heating contributions between two types of El Niño under different IPO phases

LI Yuzhen¹^,²(), MENG Xiangfeng¹^,²()

¹ State Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography (Ocean University of China), Qingdao 266100, China
² College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

Received:2025-07-21 Revised:2025-10-19 Online:2026-05-10 Published:2026-05-28
Contact: MENG Xiangfeng. email: mengxf@ouc.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF0805200); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41976015)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

年代际太平洋振荡(Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation, IPO)在21世纪初由正位相转为负位相, 同时El Niño事件类型由东太平洋(eastern Pacific, EP)型El Niño为主转为中太平洋(central Pacific, CP)型El Niño为主, IPO与El Niño事件类型间存在一定关联。为解释这一现象, 本文基于HadISST、ORAS5和GODAS数据, 结合热收支分析, 重点探讨了次表层非线性动力加热项(nonlinear dynamical heating, NDH)在IPO不同位相期间对不同类型El Niño事件的贡献差异。研究表明, 在IPO正位相期间, 东太平洋次表层NDH显著增强, 可促进EP型El Niño事件的发展; 而在IPO负位相期间, Niño3区NDH的减弱导致东太平洋暖异常维持能力下降, 同时Niño4区NDH保持稳定, 使得CP型El Niño事件占比增加(达到80%)。结果表明, 东太平洋次表层NDH的时空差异是导致El Niño主要空间类型改变的一个关键动力因素。同时, 本文发现线性项中温跃层反馈(thermocline feedback, TH)和纬向平流反馈(zonal advective feedback, ZA)在CP型El Niño中均发挥了一定作用, 其贡献存在纬向分布差异。

关键词: EP/CP型El Niño, IPO, 热收支分析, 非线性动力加热项, 次表层

Abstract:

In the early 21st century, the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) shifted from a positive to a negative phase, which coincided with a change in the dominant type of El Niño events from the eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño to the central Pacific (CP) El Niño, suggesting a statistical association between the IPO phase transitions and the spatial types of El Niño events. To elucidate this phenomenon, this study investigates the different contributions of subsurface nonlinear dynamical heating (NDH) to distinct El Niño types under different IPO phases, utilizing datasets from HadISST, ORAS5, and GODAS, combined with an ocean heat budget analysis. Results reveal that during a positive IPO phase, subsurface NDH intensifies significantly in the eastern Pacific, promoting the development of EP-type El Niño. Conversely, during a negative IPO phase, weakened NDH in the Niño3 region reduces the ability to sustain warm anomalies in the eastern Pacific, while stable NDH in the Niño4 region increases the ratio of CP-type events (up to 80%). These findings highlight that spatiotemporal differences in eastern Pacific subsurface NDH constitute a key dynamic factor responsible for the differences in spatial types of El Niño events. Additionally, both thermocline feedback (TH) and zonal advective feedback (ZA) play certain roles in CP El Niño events, with zonally distinct contributions.

Key words: EP/CP El Niño, IPO, heat budget analysis, nonlinear dynamical heating term, subsurface layer

中图分类号:

P732

栗玉振, 孟祥凤. 不同IPO位相下两类El Niño事件次表层非线性动力加热项的贡献差异[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(3): 83-94.

LI Yuzhen, MENG Xiangfeng. Differences in subsurface nonlinear dynamical heating contributions between two types of El Niño under different IPO phases[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(3): 83-94.

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不同IPO位相下两类El Niño事件次表层非线性动力加热项的贡献差异

Differences in subsurface nonlinear dynamical heating contributions between two types of El Niño under different IPO phases

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序号	年份	方法			结果
序号	年份	N_WP/N_CT	EMI	Niño3/4	结果
1	1982/1983	EP	EP	EP	EP
2	1986/1987	EP	EP	EP	EP
3	1991/1992	EP	CP	EP	EP
4	1994/1995	CP	CP	CP	CP
5	1997/1998	EP	EP	EP	EP
6	2002/2003	CP	CP	CP	CP
7	2004/2005	CP	CP	CP	CP
8	2006/2007	CP	EP	CP	CP
9	2009/2010	CP	CP	CP	CP
10	2015/2016	EP	EP	EP	EP

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