孟加拉湾下扇沉积炭屑证据发现HS1早期气候干旱

doi:10.11978/YG2025002

热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 117-130.doi: 10.11978/YG2025002CSTR: 32234.14.YG2025002

孟加拉湾下扇沉积炭屑证据发现HS1早期气候干旱

罗传秀¹(), 林刚², THILAKANAYAKA Vidusanka A. M.¹, 魏海成³(), 向荣¹, 杨艺萍¹(), 万随¹, 梁诗晴¹, 苏翔¹, 杜恕环¹, 张兰兰¹, 刘建国¹, 黄云¹, SOE Moe Lwin⁴

¹热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 511458
²自然资源部南海生态中心, 海南南沙珊瑚礁生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室, 广东广州 510301
³青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室(中国科学院青海盐湖研究所), 青海西宁 810008
⁴东仰光大学地质系, 仰光11422, 缅甸

收稿日期:2025-06-27 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2026-01-30
通讯作者: 魏海成(1983—), 博士, 研究员, 博士研究生导师, email: hcwei@isl.ac.cn; 杨艺萍(1987—), 博士, 副研究员, 硕士研究生导师, email: yangyiping@scsio.ac.cn
作者简介:
罗传秀(1970—), 女, 汉族, 四川省成都市人, 博士, 研究员, 博士研究生导师, 研究方向为海洋地质。email: xiu104@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室奖励经费2024; 国家自然科学基金项目(41906057); 国家自然科学基金项目(42376074); 国家自然科学基金共享航次计划项目(资助的NORC2011-03开放航次)(41049903); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所发展基金(SCSIO202201)

Evidence of micro-charcoal deposited in the lower fan of the Bay of Bengal reveals an arid climate during the early Heirich Stadial 1

LUO Chuanxiu¹(), LIN Gang², THILAKANAYAKA Vidusanka A. M.¹, WEI Haicheng³(), XIANG Rong¹, YANG Yiping¹(), WAN Sui¹, LIANG Shiqing¹, SU Xiang¹, DU Shuhuan¹, ZHANG Lanlan¹, LIU Jianguo¹, HUANG Yun¹, SOE Moe Lwin⁴

¹State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
²South China Sea Ecological Center of Ministry of Natural Resources, Nansha Coral Reef Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Detection Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510301, China
³Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Geology and Environment of Qinghai Province, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
⁴Department of Geology, Dagon University, Yangon 11422, Myanmar

Received:2025-06-27 Revised:2025-07-16 Online:2026-01-10 Published:2026-01-30
Contact: WEI Haicheng, email: hcwei@isl.ac.cn; YANG Yiping, email: yangyiping@scsio.ac.cn
Supported by:
Science and Technology Plan Project of Qinghai Province Incentive Fund 2024; National Natural Science Foundation of China(41906057); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42376074); Shiptime Sharing Project (NORC2011-03) of National Natural Science Foundation of China(41049903); Development Fund of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO202201)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

前人研究认为, 受海因里希1(Heinrich Stadial 1, HS1)早期(约18.3—16.3cal ka BP)北半球降温的影响, 热带辐合带(intertropical convergence zone, ITCZ)雨带的平均位置会向南移动。但是, 最新结果发现, HS1早期北半球低纬度地区(3ºN—9ºN)呈现湿润水文条件, 而其南北部却同步出现干旱。可见HS1早期ITCZ对北大西洋降温事件的响应方向及位移幅度仍存争议。孟加拉湾的海洋炭屑记录保存了周边陆地大量气候成因古火事件的信息。研究发现, 在HS1早期(18.3—16.3 cal ka BP), 位于9°54′N的YDY09孔的炭屑总浓度与木本型炭屑百分比均降至最低, 而草本型炭屑百分比则有所上升, 这表明火灾发生强度急剧降低。这一变化, 结合有孔虫和石笋δ¹⁸O记录所揭示的降水减少信号, 可能源于当时气候干旱与温度降低共同导致的植被退化。该结论说明炭屑、孢粉与有孔虫等其他指标重建的印度夏季风降水结果一致, 也与来自10°N的YDY10岩芯和15°N的E87-32B岩芯中常绿阔叶林花粉低值所反映的干旱情形相符。同期, 苏门答腊岛2个孔(分别位于6°N和6°S)的炭屑和孢粉含量也分别显示湿润和干旱, 反映其炭屑和孢粉源区当时处于ITCZ雨带范围内部与外部区域。炭屑与孢粉记录共同揭示, HS1早期在10°N至6°S范围之外存在干旱证据; 结合苏门答腊岛6°N孔的湿润证据, 间接支持了该时期ITCZ位置在6°N两侧。

关键词: 海因里希, 微炭屑, 孢粉, 海因里希1早期, 孟加拉湾

Abstract:

Previous studies have suggested that the mean position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) rain belt shifted southward due to the cooling of the Northern Hemisphere during the Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) early period (approximately 18.3-16.3 cal ka BP). However, recent studies indicate that wet conditions prevailed in the low-latitude region (3°N-9°N) of the Northern Hemisphere during the early HS1 period, while adjacent regions to the north and south were arid. It can be seen that the response and displacement amplitude of the ITCZ to the cooling event in the North Atlantic during early HS1 remain controversial. Marine charcoal records from the Bay of Bengal may preserve critical information about climate-driven palaeo-fire events from the surrounding land. In this study, we observe that the total concentration of charcoal and the percentage of woody charcoal in core YDY09 (located at 9°54′N) decreased to their lowest levels in early HS1, while the percentage of herbaceous charcoal increased. This suggests a sharp reduction in the strength of fire events, consistent with decreased rainfall inferred from the δ¹⁸O records of foraminifera and stalagmites and other proxies. The decline in fire strength may be related to reduced vegetation cover under drier climate and cooler climatic conditions, which aligns with evidence of aridity from low pollen values of evergreen broad-leaved forests in core YDY10 (located at 10°N) and core E87-32B (located at 15ºN) from the Bay of Bengal. During the same period, the charcoal and pollen contents in two cores on Sumatra Island (located at 6°N and 6°S, respectively) also showed humid and arid conditions, indicating that the charcoal and pollen source areas were inside and outside the ITCZ rain belt at that time. Reconstructed results of Indian Summer Monsoon precipitation based on micro-charcoal, pollen, foraminifera, and other indicators are consistent. For the first time, combined charcoal and pollen records reveal the evidence of drought outside the range of 10°N to 6°S in the early stage of HS1, while moist evidence from the 6°N core on Sumatra Island indirectly supports the inference that the ITCZ centered around 6° N during this period.

Key words: Heinrich, micro-charcoal, pollen, early HS1, Bay of Bengal

中图分类号:

P736.4

罗传秀, 林刚, THILAKANAYAKA Vidusanka A. M., 魏海成, 向荣, 杨艺萍, 万随, 梁诗晴, 苏翔, 杜恕环, 张兰兰, 刘建国, 黄云, SOE Moe Lwin. 孟加拉湾下扇沉积炭屑证据发现HS1早期气候干旱[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(1): 117-130.

LUO Chuanxiu, LIN Gang, THILAKANAYAKA Vidusanka A. M., WEI Haicheng, XIANG Rong, YANG Yiping, WAN Sui, LIANG Shiqing, SU Xiang, DU Shuhuan, ZHANG Lanlan, LIU Jianguo, HUANG Yun, SOE Moe Lwin. Evidence of micro-charcoal deposited in the lower fan of the Bay of Bengal reveals an arid climate during the early Heirich Stadial 1[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(1): 117-130.

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深度/cm	实验室编号	测年材料	AMS¹⁴C年龄/ a	日历年龄/ a	δ¹³C/‰	沉积速率/ (cm·ka⁻¹)
3~4	391114	混合浮游有孔虫	2100±30	1669±52	1.4	2.00 (0~3cm深度)
19~20	391115	混合浮游有孔虫	7260±30	7716±42	0.8	2.64 (3~19cm深度)
30~32	391116	混合浮游有孔虫	9490±30	10323±59	0.6	4.61 (19~31cm深度)
62~63	391117	混合浮游有孔虫	13480±40	15688±98	0.7	6.18 (31~63cm深度)
124~125	408431	混合浮游有孔虫	23290±80	27255±105	1.3	5.21 (63~125cm深度)
168~169	408432	混合浮游有孔虫	42790±600	45651±534	0.9	2.39 (125~169cm深度)

孟加拉湾下扇沉积炭屑证据发现HS1早期气候干旱

Evidence of micro-charcoal deposited in the lower fan of the Bay of Bengal reveals an arid climate during the early Heirich Stadial 1

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