不同蛋白源对军曹鱼幼鱼碳、氮稳定同位素分馏的影响

doi:10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.05.005

热带海洋学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 35-40.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.05.005cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2014.05.005

不同蛋白源对军曹鱼幼鱼碳、氮稳定同位素分馏的影响

周晖^{1, 2}, 陈刚^{1, 2}, 施钢^{1, 2}, 张健东^{1, 2}, 董晓慧¹

1．广东海洋大学水产学院, 广东湛江524025; 2．广东省普通高校南海水产经济动物增养殖重点实验室, 广东湛江 524025

收稿日期:2013-06-24 修回日期:2013-09-20 出版日期:2014-09-29 发布日期:2014-09-29
通讯作者: 通信作者：陈刚(1961~), 男, 广东省潮州市人, 教授, 学士, 主要从事鱼类繁育和养殖研究。Tel: 13702720713; E-mail: cheng@gdou.edu.cn
作者简介:作者简介：周晖(1978~), 男, 广西玉林市人, 讲师, 硕士, 主要从事鱼类生理生态学研究。Tel: 13421718683; E-mail: 346005548@qq.com
基金资助:
国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205028); 广东省海洋经济创新发展区域示范专项(GD2012-A01-007); 广东省科技计划项目(2009B020308005、2010B080203044、2011B020307012); 广东省海洋与渔业科技项目(A2009-08D03、A2010-08D04); 广东海洋大学2008年校选项目(0812068)

The effects of different diet protein sources on carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation of juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum L.

ZHOU Hui^{1, 2}, CHEN Gang^{1, 2}, SHI Gang^{1, 2}, ZHANG Jian-dong^{1, 2}, DONG Xiao-hui¹

1. Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Regular High Education Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524025, China

Received:2013-06-24 Revised:2013-09-20 Online:2014-09-29 Published:2014-09-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究饲料中不同蛋白源对军曹鱼幼鱼碳、氮稳定同位素分馏的影响, 配制3种等氮等能饲料。D1以鱼粉为蛋白源, D2和D3饲料中分别以啤酒酵母和玉米蛋白替代10%的鱼粉蛋白, 投喂幼鱼24d。结果表明, 啤酒酵母和玉米蛋白替代10%的鱼粉蛋白后, 幼鱼的体质量增加率显著下降。随养殖时间的延长, 所有处理组幼鱼的碳稳定同位素比率δ¹³C逐渐上升而氮稳定同位素比率δ¹⁵N逐渐下降; 虽然全鱼和肌肉δ¹⁵N的变化速度存在差异, 但各饲料组全鱼和肌肉的δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N都在24d后与饲料达到平衡。当饲料中10%的鱼粉蛋白被啤酒酵母和玉米蛋白替代之后, 幼鱼肌肉和全鱼样品与饲料相比的碳同位素富集Δ¹³C值下降, 而氮同位素富集Δ¹⁵N值则上升。其中全鱼Δ¹³C从4.19‰分别下降到3.94‰和3.63‰, 肌肉Δ¹³C从4.46‰分别下降到3.98‰和3.67‰; 全鱼Δ¹⁵N从0.18‰分别增加到0.88‰和0.94‰, 肌肉Δ¹⁵N从0.18‰分别增加到0.74‰和0.87‰。军曹鱼在摄食3种不同蛋白源饲料时, 其全鱼和肌肉的Δ¹³C和Δ¹⁵N的变化趋势相似, 但全鱼δ¹⁵N的变化速度慢于肌肉。据此可推断, 肌肉可在生态学营养级研究(长时间尺度)中代表军曹鱼的碳、氮同位素特征; 但在代谢生理学研究中(短时间尺度), 肌肉就无法准确反映军曹鱼全鱼的δ¹⁵N变化过程。

关键词: 军曹鱼幼鱼, 酵母蛋白, 玉米蛋白, 碳、氮稳定同位素, 同位素分馏

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of different diet protein sources on carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation of juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum L., three isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated. The protein source in D1 was fish meal; beer yeast meal and corn gluten meal protein replaced 10% fish meal in D2 and D3, respectively. The diets were fed to juvenile cobia for 24 days. The results showed that, when 10% fish meal was replaced, the weight gain rate (WGR) of cobia decreased significantly. The carbon isotope ratio δ¹³C of cobia increased in time and nitrogen isotope ratio δ¹⁵N decreased in time in all groups. Although the change speeds of δ¹⁵N were different, the whole fish and muscle of cobia fed with different diets reached isotope equilibrium states with their diets when the feeding experiment was accomplished. When 10% fish meal was replaced by beer yeast meal (corn gluten meal) protein, the carbon isotope fractionation Δ¹³C decreased while nitrogen isotope fractionation Δ¹⁵N increased in the whole fish and muscle of cobia; Δ¹³C of the whole fish decreased from 4.19‰ to 3.94‰ and 3.63‰, Δ¹³C of the muscle decreased from 4.46‰ to 3.98‰ (to 3.67‰), and Δ¹⁵N of the whole fish increased from 0.18‰ to 0.88‰ (to 0.94‰), Δ¹⁵N of the muscle increased from 0.18‰ to 0.74‰ (to 0.87‰). When the three diets with different protein sources were fed, the variation trends of Δ¹³C and Δ¹⁵N were similar between whole fish and muscle of cobia, but the change speed of whole fish δ¹⁵N was slower than that of muscle. These results indicated that cobia muscle can represent the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N characters of whole fish in trophic level study of ecosystem (long time scale), but cannot represent the change process of whole fish δ¹⁵N in metabolic physiology study (short time scale).

Key words: juvenile cobia, beer yeast meal, corn gluten meal, &, #x003b4, 13C and &, #x003b4, 15N, isotope fractionation

中图分类号:

S963

周晖, 陈刚, 施钢, 张健东, 董晓慧. 不同蛋白源对军曹鱼幼鱼碳、氮稳定同位素分馏的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2014, 33(5): 35-40.

ZHOU Hui, CHEN Gang, SHI Gang, ZHANG Jian-dong, DONG Xiao-hui. The effects of different diet protein sources on carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation of juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum L.[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2014, 33(5): 35-40.

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不同蛋白源对军曹鱼幼鱼碳、氮稳定同位素分馏的影响

The effects of different diet protein sources on carbon and nitrogen isotope fractionation of juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum L.

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