福建海雾的CALIOP遥感监测及基于Himawari-8的云下雾光谱特征分析*

doi:10.11978/2022215

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海雾是一种影响海上运输与军事活动的灾害性天气, 福建沿海作为我国海雾多发的区域, 同时也是国家战略重地, 对此地区开展海雾监测研究至关重要。带偏振的云气溶胶探测激光雷达(cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization, CALIOP)利用激光探测, 具有垂直穿透能力, 可探测云雾的垂向结构特征, 非常适合用于海雾监测。本文首先通过CALIOP L1级532nm总衰减后向散射和大气垂直特征分类标识(vertical feature mask, VFM)数据, 开展福建海雾遥感监测, 基于海雾物理特征, 扩大海雾检测范围。同时分析了福建海雾的垂向特征, 发现云下雾事件多发。为探究云下雾光谱特征, 发展高时间覆盖及大范围同步海雾监测算法, 本文基于Himawari-8数据对比了云、纯雾、云下雾三者的光谱差异。结果表明, 白天时段纯雾与云下雾在各波段的光谱特征均无明显差别, 且1—4波段的反射率远低于云像元; 夜间, 纯雾在3.9μm波段的亮温普遍低于云下雾。基于上述光谱特征差异进行云、纯雾和云下雾的区分, 有望提高福建海雾监测的精度。

关键词: 海雾, 卫星遥感, 福建

Abstract:

Sea fog, as a hazard weather, affects maritime transportation and military activities. The coastal area of Fujian province is a national strategic area characterized by frequent sea fog. It is essential to monitor and study the sea fog in this area. cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization (CALIOP) can detect the vertical structure characteristics of sea fog due to its vertical penetration through laser. Thus, it is very suitable for sea fog monitoring. In this paper, firstly, remote sensing monitoring of sea fog over the coastal area of Fujian was carried out through CALIOP L1 level 532 nm total attenuated backscattering and vertical feature mask (VFM) data. Based on the physical characteristics of sea fog, the detection range of sea fog was expanded. Secondly, the vertical characteristics of sea fog in this area were analyzed and it was found that subcloud fog occurred frequently. To explore the spectral characteristics of the subcloud fog and develop a high time coverage and large-scale synchronous sea fog monitoring algorithm. Besides, the spectral differences of cloud, pure fog, and subcloud fog were compared based on Himawari-8 data. According to the results, in the daytime, the spectral characteristics of pure fog and subcloud fog were not significantly different in each band, and the reflectance of bands 1~4 was much lower than that of cloud pixels; at night, the brightness temperature of pure fog at 3.9 μm band was generally lower than that of subcloud fog. It is expected to improve the monitoring accuracy of sea fog in Fujian Province by distinguishing cloud, pure fog, and subcloud fog based on the above spectral characteristics.

Key words: sea fog, satellite remote sensing, Fujian

胡晨悦, 丘仲锋, 廖廓, 赵冬至, 吴到懋. 福建海雾的CALIOP遥感监测及基于Himawari-8的云下雾光谱特征分析^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(4): 104-112.

HU Chenyue, QIU Zhongfeng, LIAO Kuo, ZHAO Dongzhi, WU Daomao. CALIOP remote sensing monitoring of the Fujian sea fog and spectral characteristics analysis of subcloud fog based on Himawari-8[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(4): 104-112.

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高度范围/km	网格点序号	水平分辨率/km	532nm垂直分辨率/m	1064nm垂直分辨率/m	高度区域
30.1~40.0	1~33	5	300	N/A	5
20.2~30.1	34~88	53	180	180	4
8.3~20.2	89~288	1	60	60	3
-0.5~8.3	289~578	1/3	30	60	2
-2.0~-0.5	579~583	1/3	300	300	1

高度范围/km		垂向分辨率/m	水平分辨率/m	每5km剖面数/条	剖面格点数/个
底部	顶部	垂向分辨率/m	水平分辨率/m	每5km剖面数/条	剖面格点数/个
-0.5	82	30	333	15	290
82	20.2	60	1000	5	200
20.2	30.1	180	1667	3	55
网格点总数/个		545