超强台风“威马逊”对南海西北海域海洋环境的影响*

doi:10.11978/2015157

热带海洋学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 19-28.doi: 10.11978/2015157CSTR: 32234.14.2015157

超强台风“威马逊”对南海西北海域海洋环境的影响^*

李薛^{1, 2}, 付东洋¹, 张莹¹, 刘大召¹, 丁又专¹, 王文芳¹, 栾虹^{1, 2}, 蒋城飞^{1, 2}

1. 广东海洋大学海洋遥感与信息技术实验室, 广东湛江 524088;
2. 广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院, 广东湛江 524088

收稿日期:2015-12-28 修回日期:2016-05-09 出版日期:2016-11-30 发布日期:2016-12-15
通讯作者: 付东洋(1969-), 男, 四川省阆中市人, 教授, 主要从事海洋遥感及应用研究。E-mail: fdy163@163.com
作者简介:作者简介：李薛(1991-), 男, 江苏省徐州市人, 硕士, 主要从事海洋遥感及应用研究。E-mail: xueshizimu1991@163.com
基金资助:
国家海洋公益专项(201305019); 广东省自然科学基金(2014A030313603); 广东省科技计划项目(2013B030200002); 广东海洋大学创新强校项目(GDOU2014050226); 广东省攀登计划项目(pdjh2015b0249)

The impacts of super typhoon Rammasun on the environment of the northwestern South China Sea

LI Xue^{1, 2}, FU Dongyang¹, ZHANG Ying¹, LIU Dazhao¹, DING Youzhuan¹, WANG Wenfang¹, LUAN Hong^{1, 2}, JIANG Chengfei^{1, 2}

1. Ocean Remote Sensing and Information Technology Laboratory, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
2. Ocean and Meteorological Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

Received:2015-12-28 Revised:2016-05-09 Online:2016-11-30 Published:2016-12-15
Contact: FU Dongyang. E-mail: fdy163@163.com
Supported by:
National Marine Important Charity Special Foundation of China (201305019); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2014A030313603); Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2013B030200002); Innovation and Strong School Project of Guangdong Ocean University (GDOU2014050226); Climbing Project of Guangdong Province (pdjh2015b0249)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2014年第9号超强台风“威马逊”(1409)过境南海并穿越琼州海峡进入北部湾, 给海南、广东和广西造成了严重损失, 并对南海西北海域海洋动力与生态环境产生了重要的影响。文章利用卫星遥感水色水温及风场数据, 分析了台风前后海表温度、悬浮泥沙浓度、叶绿素浓度、初级生产力及上升流分布特征与变化。研究结果表明: 超强台风“威马逊”诱发了强烈的混合夹卷和上升流, 并加强了季节性上升流; 海表温度最大降幅近2℃, 相对台风路径呈显著的“右偏性”, 而台风引起的强降水却具强烈的“左偏性”; 台风后悬浮泥沙浓度平均升高51.4%, 叶绿素浓度增幅达28%, 且最大浓度有3d的延迟, 初级生产力增加34%; 上层水体混合加剧, 混合层深度平均增长近10.4m。

关键词: 台风, “, 威马逊”, (1409), 卫星遥感, 海表温度, 叶绿素浓度

Abstract: Super Typhoon Rammasun (1409) in 2014 crossed the South China Sea and the Qiongzhou Strait, and then entered the Beibu Gulf. It caused great losses in Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi, and had a great impact on the northern South China Sea. We analyzed distribution features and changes of sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll concentration, primary productivity, suspended sediment concentration, and upwelling before and after the typhoon, using the satellite remote sensing data of ocean color, SST and wind fields of the same period. We found that Super Typhoon Ramasun induced strong entrainment and upwelling, and strengthened the seasonal upwelling. The maximum cooling near 2℃ had a clear “right- hand-side intensification,” while the heavy rainfall had significant “left-hand-side intensification” with respect to the typhoon track. After the typhoon, the average concentration of suspended sediment increased 51.4%, and then the chlorophyll concentration increased 28% with its maximum delayed by 3 d and the primary productivity increased by 34%. The upper layer mixing intensified with average mixed layer depth increase of nearly 10.4 m.

Key words: typhoon Rammasun (1409), satellite remote sensing, sea surface temperature, Chlorophyll-a concentration

李薛, 付东洋, 张莹, 刘大召, 丁又专, 王文芳, 栾虹, 蒋城飞. 超强台风“威马逊”对南海西北海域海洋环境的影响^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2016, 35(6): 19-28.

LI Xue, FU Dongyang, ZHANG Ying, LIU Dazhao, DING Youzhuan, WANG Wenfang, LUAN Hong, JIANG Chengfei. The impacts of super typhoon Rammasun on the environment of the northwestern South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(6): 19-28.

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超强台风“威马逊”对南海西北海域海洋环境的影响^*

The impacts of super typhoon Rammasun on the environment of the northwestern South China Sea

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