近海典型硅藻颗粒吸附态氧脂素的动态分析及藻华监测应用初探*

doi:10.11978/2024190

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 179-187.doi: 10.11978/2024190CSTR: 32234.14.2024190

近海典型硅藻颗粒吸附态氧脂素的动态分析及藻华监测应用初探^*

杨洋¹^,²(), 吴正超¹(), 程远月¹, 吴梅林¹, 李芊¹^,³()

1.热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 510301
2.华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广东广州 510642
3.广东省海洋遥感重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 510301

收稿日期:2024-10-12 修回日期:2024-11-13 出版日期:2025-05-10 发布日期:2025-06-04
通讯作者: 吴正超, 李芊
作者简介:
杨洋(2003—), 男, 广东省广州市人, 本科生, 从事环境科学研究。email: 1364247989@qq.com
*感谢实验室同仁的贡献, 以及在文章修改过程中给予帮助的老师们！
基金资助:
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022B1515120030); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010588); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2024A1515010938); 国家自然科学基金项目(42276162); 国家自然科学基金项目(42276130); 国家自然科学基金项目(41706181)

Dynamic analysis of particle-adsorbed oxylipins in typical coastal diatoms and their application in bloom monitoring^*

YANG Yang¹^,²(), WU Zhengchao¹(), CHENG Yuanyue¹, WU Meilin¹, LI Qian¹^,³()

1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Guangzhou 510301, China
2. College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3. Guangdong Key Lab of Ocean Remote Sensing (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Guangzhou 510301, China

Received:2024-10-12 Revised:2024-11-13 Online:2025-05-10 Published:2025-06-04
Contact: WU Zhengchao, LI Qian
Supported by:
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1515120030); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010588); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515010938); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42276162); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42276130); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41706181)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硅藻氧脂素作为信息化学物质, 广泛介导近海硅藻水华中的生物相互作用, 可能在藻华生消过程中发挥关键作用, 并潜在影响生源要素循环。氧脂素在水体中有三种赋存形态, 其中藻际环境中的颗粒吸附态浓度可达微摩尔级, 具有显著的生态效应潜力。本文选取多不饱和醛(polyunsaturated aldehydes, PUAs)这一类重要的氧脂素分子, 优化并发展了一种用于快速定量硅藻生长过程中颗粒吸附态PUAs的方法。首先, 该方法通过沉降和离心对不同硅藻颗粒物进行定容, 模拟沉降和压实过程, 确定了颗粒物体积的上下限差异为12%~49%。接着, 优化采用5%硫酸溶解的2, 4-二硝基苯肼衍生化颗粒吸附态PUAs, 替代中性缓冲液, 避免诱导新生PUAs。然后, 通过超高效液相色谱实现PUAs样品在5min内快速基线分离, 结合串联质谱的多重反应监测模式, 确保高效准确的PUAs定量。我们利用该方法对三株典型赤潮硅藻的实验室不同生长阶段进行了监测, 初步探讨了颗粒吸附态及相关形态PUAs在硅藻生长过程中的动态演变规律。结果显示, 三株硅藻的颗粒吸附态PUAs浓度均达到微摩尔级, 浓度范围为0.4~69μmol·L^-1。在生长过程中, 中肋骨条藻的颗粒吸附态PUAs与颗粒态PUAs变化趋势相对一致, 指数期浓度较低, 稳定期显著升高; 而圆海链藻的颗粒吸附态PUAs在稳定期则低于指数期。此外, 颗粒吸附态PUAs的组成也有所不同, 中肋骨条藻在指数期以辛二烯醛为主。本次硅藻生长过程实验为硅藻水华期间氧脂素的原位监测应用及其生态环境效应的研究提供了重要的理论支持。

关键词: 硅藻水华, 氧脂素, 多不饱和醛, 藻际环境, 定量分析

Abstract:

Diatom oxylipins, as key infochemicals, play a significant role in driving biological interactions during coastal diatom blooms and may influence biogeochemical cycles throughout the bloom's life cycle. Oxylipins exist in three forms in water, with particle-adsorbed oxylipins in the phycosphere reaching micromolar concentrations, making them particularly impactful in ecological contexts. In this study, we focused on polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), a crucial class of oxylipins, and developed a method for rapidly quantifying particle-adsorbed PUAs during diatom growth. The method involves measuring diatom particle volumes through settling and centrifugation, and simulating the natural processes of settling and sedimentation. We observed that particle volumes varied between 12%~49%. To avoid the production of new PUAs, we optimized a derivatization process using 5% sulfuric acid-dissolved 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), replacing the traditional neutral buffer. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) paired with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in tandem mass spectrometry, we were able to achieve rapid separation and accurate quantification of PUAs within just 5 minutes. This method was applied to monitor the growth stages of three typical red tide diatom strains in the laboratory, preliminarily exploring dynamic patterns in particle-adsorbed and related PUAs throughout the diatom growth process. Our results revealed that the particle-adsorbed PUAs concentrations in all three strains reached micromolar levels, ranging from 0.4~69 μmol·L^-1. Notably, Skeletonema costatum exhibited similar trends between particle-adsorbed and particulate PUAs, with concentrations staying at a low level in the exponential phase before rising significantly during the stationary phase. In contrast, Thalassiosira rotula showed a decline in particle-adsorbed PUAs concentrations during the stationary phase compared to the exponential phase. Additionally, the composition of particle-adsorbed PUAs varied, with S. costatum being dominated by heptadienal in the exponential phase. This study provides important insights for the in situ monitoring application of diatom oxylipins during blooms and their potential ecological and biogeochemical impacts.

Key words: diatom blooms, oxylipins, polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), phycosphere, quantitative analysis

中图分类号:

X832

杨洋, 吴正超, 程远月, 吴梅林, 李芊. 近海典型硅藻颗粒吸附态氧脂素的动态分析及藻华监测应用初探^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(3): 179-187.

YANG Yang, WU Zhengchao, CHENG Yuanyue, WU Meilin, LI Qian. Dynamic analysis of particle-adsorbed oxylipins in typical coastal diatoms and their application in bloom monitoring^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(3): 179-187.

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化合物	简写	衍生物母离子 (一级质谱MS1)	衍生物碎片离子对 (二级质谱MS2)	锥孔电压/V	碰撞能/V
苯甲醛(内标)	Ben	284.8	162.9	80	15
苯甲醛(内标)	Ben	284.8	238.0	80	15
庚二烯醛	C7	288.9	162.9	80	15
			229.9	80	15
			241.9	80	15
辛二烯醛	C8	302.8	162.9	80	15
			229.9	80	15
			255.9	80	15
葵二烯醛	C10	330.9	162.9	80	15
			229.9	80	15
			284.9	80	15

近海典型硅藻颗粒吸附态氧脂素的动态分析及藻华监测应用初探^*

Dynamic analysis of particle-adsorbed oxylipins in typical coastal diatoms and their application in bloom monitoring^*

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近海典型硅藻颗粒吸附态氧脂素的动态分析及藻华监测应用初探*

Dynamic analysis of particle-adsorbed oxylipins in typical coastal diatoms and their application in bloom monitoring*

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近海典型硅藻颗粒吸附态氧脂素的动态分析及藻华监测应用初探^*

Dynamic analysis of particle-adsorbed oxylipins in typical coastal diatoms and their application in bloom monitoring^*