海南麒麟菜保护区大型海藻分布特征及碳储量研究

doi:10.11978/2024060

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大型海藻构成的海藻场是近岸海岸带重要的生物栖息地, 其生态功能可与珊瑚礁、红树林、海草床和盐沼湿地等生境媲美, 也是蓝碳的重要组成部分。本文以海南麒麟菜省级自然保护区琼海海域海藻场为例, 对该海域海藻场的大型海藻分布特征及其碳储量进行调查与评估。本次调查研究结果表明:麒麟菜省级自然保护区(琼海)海域海藻场潮下带大型海藻平均覆盖度达50%; 大型海藻为23属34种, 优势种为圈扇藻(Zonaria diesingiana)、匍枝马尾藻(Sargassum polycystum)等; 大型海藻平均生物量为267.75g·m⁻²; 定量分析了其中的17种大型海藻, 干湿比为11.58%~43.54%, 有机碳含量为14.25%~39.19%; 研究区域大型海藻平均碳密度为(0.49±0.004) Mg C∙hm⁻², 碳储量总量为(2252.77±19.37) Mg C。本文的相关研究结果为建立热带海域海藻场碳储量调查和评估方法提供了科学数据和研究基础。

关键词: 海藻场, 碳储量, 蓝碳

Abstract:

The seaweed bed composed of macroalgae serves as a vital biological habitat in the coastal rocky zone and plays an ecological role as coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds and salt marshes do. Additionally, it constitutes a significant component of blue carbon. This study exemplified the Hainan Eucheuma Reserve to investigate and evaluate the distribution characteristics and carbon storage capacity of seaweed in this area, while establishing an investigation and evaluation method for Hainan's seaweed bed carbon storage. The results showed that the average coverage of macroalgae in the subtidal zone reached 50%. There were 34 species of macroalgae in 23 genera, and the dominant species were Zonaria diesingiana, Sargassum polycystum etc. The average biomass of marcoalgae was 267.75 g·m⁻². The dry-wet ratio of the collected macroalgae was 11.58%~43.54%, and the organic carbon content was 14.25%~39.19%. As a result, the carbon storage of seaweed in the Hainan Eucheuma Reserve was (2252.77±19.37) Mg C, and average carbon density of seaweed bed was (0.49±0.004) Mg C·hm⁻².

Key words: seaweed bed, carbon storage, blue carbon

中图分类号:

王荣霞, 陈娴, 陈丹丹, 陈晓慧, 梁计林. 海南麒麟菜保护区大型海藻分布特征及碳储量研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(1): 182-188.

WANG Rongxia, CHEN Xian, CHEN Dandan, CHEN Xiaohui, LIANG Jilin. Investigation of seaweed bed distribution and evaluation of its carbon storage in the Hainan Eucheuma Reserve[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(1): 182-188.

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门		种类		I_IRI/%
褐藻门	Phaeophyta	粗糙褐舌藻	Spatoglossum asperum	0.001
		圈扇藻	Zonaria diesingiana	0.464
		圈扇藻属	Zonaria sp.	0.117
		网地藻	Dictyota dichotoma	0.015
		鹿角网地藻	Dictyota cervicornis	0.026
		南方团扇	Padina australis	0.052
		匍枝马尾藻	Sargassum polycystum	0.128
		冬青叶马尾藻	Sargassum ilicifolium	0.023
		冬青叶马尾藻重缘变种	Sargassum ilicifolium var.conduplicatum	0.052
		孤囊马尾藻	Sargassum oligocystum	0.007
		硬叶马尾藻	Sargassum aquifolium	0.006
		喇叭藻	Turbinari ornata	0.002
绿藻门	Chlorophyta	仙掌藻	Halimeda opuntia	0.008
红藻门	Rhodophyta	宽珊藻	Mastophora rosea	0.003
		凝花菜	Gelidiella acerosa	0.001
		圆果胞藻	Tricleocarpa cylindrica	0.001
		紫杉状海门冬	Asparagopsis taxiformis	0.000

调查分区	指数			生物量 /(g·m^-2)
调查分区	H'	D	J'	生物量 /(g·m^-2)
A	2.49	0.95	0.72	233.54
B	2.63	0.55	0.94	274.74
C	1.7	3.38	0.46	328.03
D	2.39	2.14	0.8	234.7
均值	/	/	/	267.75

序号	种类	拉丁名	序号	种类	拉丁名
1	圈扇藻	Zonaria diesingisna	10	仙掌藻	Halimeda opuntia
2	圆果胞藻	Tricleacarpa cylindrica	11	匍枝马尾藻	Sargassum polycystum
3	宽珊藻	Mastophora rosea	12	冬青叶马尾藻重缘变种	Sargassum ilicifolium var.conduplicatum
4	圈扇藻属	Zonaria sp.	13	冬青叶马尾藻	Sargassum ilicifolium
5	南方团扇	Padina australis	14	孤囊马尾藻	Sargassum oligocystum
6	鹿角网地藻	Dictyota cervicornis	15	喇叭藻	Turbinari ornata
7	网地藻	Dictyota dichotoma	16	粗糙褐舌藻	Spatoglossum asperum
8	硬叶马尾	Sargassum aquifolium	17	紫衫海门冬	Asparagopsis taxiformis
9	凝花菜	Gelidiella acerosa	-

分区	生物量碳密度/ (Mg C∙hm^-2)	海藻场分区面积/ hm²	生物量碳储量/ Mg C
A	0.40±0.01	1697.86	679.14±9.71
B	0.45±0.01	901.87	405.84±11.97
C	0.85±0.01	991.46	842.74±10.53
D	0.33±0.01	985.01	325.05±5.33
合计	-	4576.20	2252.77±19.37
平均值	0.49±0.004	-	563.19