热带海洋学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 21-30.doi: 10.11978/2020009CSTR: 32234.14.2020009

• 海洋气象学 • 上一篇    下一篇

北太平洋大气沉降的时空特征及其对副极区海洋生态系统的影响

陈焕焕1,2(), 王云涛2(), 齐义泉1, 柴扉2   

  1. 1.河海大学海洋学院, 江苏 南京 210098
    2.自然资源部第二海洋研究所, 卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 310012
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-15 修回日期:2020-03-07 出版日期:2021-01-10 发布日期:2020-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 王云涛
  • 作者简介:陈焕焕(1994—), 女, 河南省周口市人, 硕士研究生, 从事物理海洋过程及其生态响应研究。email: chenhh@hhu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41730536)

Temporal and spatial patterns of dust deposition in the North Pacific Ocean and its potential impact on ecosystem in the subarctic ocean

CHEN Huanhuan1,2(), WANG Yuntao2(), QI Yiquan1, CHAI Fei2   

  1. 1. College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
  • Received:2020-01-15 Revised:2020-03-07 Online:2021-01-10 Published:2020-04-01
  • Contact: WANG Yuntao
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41730536)

摘要:

北太平洋副极地海区作为全球海洋三个高营养盐低叶绿素(high nutrient and low chlorophyll, HNLC)海区之一, 其浮游植物生长受到微量元素铁的限制。对于开阔大洋, 大气沉降是海洋表层铁的一个重要来源, 铁元素沉降进入海洋后能够促进浮游植物生长, 进而引起海洋初级生产力和生物泵的响应。本文利用SPRINTARS(Spectral Radiation-Transport Model for Aerosol Species)模式的时长为20a的日均大气沉降数据, 对北太平洋海区大气沉降的时空特征进行了分析。结果表明, 进入北太平洋海区的大气沉降量为26.81Tg·a-1, 并且存在显著的季节变化: 春季最高, 冬季最低, 5月份进入海洋的沉降量达到峰值。大气沉降主要来源于陆地区域, 在风场的驱动下向海洋传输, 因此大气沉降量的空间分布呈现出西高东低的特征。本文以2010年8月中旬卫星观测到的一次强沙尘(即高大气沉降量)事件为例, 研究了大气沙尘的传播路径。进一步结合2001年4月9—12日及2008年4月20—22日的沙尘事件, 分析了西北太平洋K2站位(47°N, 160°E)附近海域海洋初级生产力对大气沉降——沙尘事件的响应。结果表明, 三次沙尘事件后, K2站位的颗粒有机碳通量、叶绿素浓度均有明显增加, 即沙尘事件对北太平洋副极区海洋初级生产力存在促进作用。

关键词: 北太平洋, 大气沉降, 沙尘事件, 颗粒有机碳, 叶绿素

Abstract:

As one of the three high nutrient and low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions in the global oceans, the growth of phytoplankton in the subarctic North Pacific Ocean is restricted by the trace element iron, which plays an important role in nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis and metabolism of phytoplankton. For an open ocean, atmospheric deposition (atmospheric pollutants produced by human activities as well as dust) is an important source of iron, which can impact biological activities in the upper layer of the ocean. In this study, we use the daily-averaged atmospheric deposition model outputs from the Spectral Radiation-Transport Model for Aerosol Species (SPRINTARS) for the period between December 1997 and November 2017, to quantify the flux of atmospheric deposition in the North Pacific Ocean and the corresponding spatial and temporal variability. The results show that the annual flux of atmospheric deposition into the North Pacific Ocean is 26.81 Tg·a-1, with clear seasonal variation: high flux of atmospheric deposition flux happens during spring and peaks in May, and low values occur in winter. The spatial distribution of atmospheric deposition shows a prominent increasing from the Northwest Pacific Ocean to Northeast Pacific Ocean. In this study, we analysis the response of Particulate Organic Carbon (POC; Aug. 2010) and chlorophyll (Apr. 2001, Apr. 2008 and Aug. 2010) at station K2 (47°N, 160°E) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean to strong dust events, which are defined as the times when high flux of atmospheric decomposition happens. The results show that the POC flux and chlorophyll increase obviously after each dust event because the iron from atmospheric deposition can regulate the growth of phytoplankton and biological pump Thus, the dust events can stimulate the responses of marine ecosystem by promoting ocean primary production.

Key words: North Pacific Ocean, atmospheric deposition, dust, particulate organic carbon, chlorophyll

中图分类号: 

  • P732.17