西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式*

doi:10.11978/2023022

热带海洋学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 140-153.doi: 10.11978/2023022CSTR: 32234.14.2023022

西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式^*

陈舒¹^,²(), 许红²^,³, 卢树参³^,⁴, 张海洋⁵, 马亚增¹^,², 罗进雄¹()

1.长江大学, 湖北武汉 430100
2.自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061
3.中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所, 山东青岛 266071
4.中国石油大学(华东), 山东青岛 266580
5.河北省地震局保定中心台, 河北保定 071000

收稿日期:2023-02-21 修回日期:2023-05-25 出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-03-26
作者简介:
陈舒(1996—), 女, 山东省济宁市人, 硕士研究生, 从事沉积学研究。email: 1542866059@qq.com
*感谢青岛海洋地质研究所、中海石油湛江分公司提供样品支持。许红为共同第一作者。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017FY201407); 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB956004); 国家油气重大专项(2011ZX05025-002-04); 国家自然科学基金项目(41106064)

The framework, reservoir characteristics and reef formation model of Miocene algal reef dolomite in the Xisha Islands^*

CHEN Shu¹^,²(), XU Hong²^,³, LU Shushen³^,⁴, Zhang Haiyang⁵, MA Yazeng¹^,², LUO Jinxiong¹()

1. Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
2. The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
3. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China
4. China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
5. Baoding Center Seismic Station, Hebei Earthquake Agency, Baoding 071000, China

Received:2023-02-21 Revised:2023-05-25 Online:2024-03-10 Published:2024-03-26
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program(2017FY201407); National Key Basic Research and Development Program(2012CB956004); National Key Oil and Gas Project(2011ZX05025-002-04); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41106064)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统生物礁成因理论质疑钙藻形成坚固生物礁抗浪结构的能力, 将钙藻归类于附礁生物群落。文章利用微焦X射线扫描成像技术(X-CT), 研究“西科1井”、“西永2井”中新世红藻珊瑚藻科南海奇石藻(新种)格架岩和绿藻仙掌藻节片岩岩芯。通过三维层析成像直观透视图像, 发现钙藻生物营造的藻礁抗浪结构, 包括典型红藻柱状格架结构、障积结构和绿藻仙掌藻节片结构, 证实钙藻植物是主要的造礁造岩生物。通过三维孔隙重构, 获得总孔隙体积、面孔率、孔隙度的物性参数, 验证了藻礁是南海沉积盆地中新世重要的油气储集层。提出了藻礁成因模式: 造礁钙藻适应海面升降逐步演替-取代, 经过钙化-埋藏化石化-白云石化, 沉积生成藻礁云岩, 造成中新世西沙礁纵向序列的增长。

关键词: 西沙群岛, 钙藻生物格架, 藻类造礁作用, 三维层析成像, 孔渗层三维重构

Abstract:

Traditional bioreef genesis theory either lacks evidences for algae forming strong bioreef anti-wave frameworks or attributes them to an accessory reef biotic community. In this paper, microfocal X-ray (X-CT) scanning imaging technology is used to study the core of the Aethesolithon nanhaiensis reef framework rocks and Halimeda reef proglottid rocks of Miocene age in Wells Xike 1 and Xiyong 2. Through three-dimensional tomography visual perspective images, it was found that the wave resistance structure of algal reef created by calcareous algal organisms, including typical Aethesolithon nanhaiensis reef framework structure, baffle-structure rocks and Halimeda reef proglottid structure. It also verifies that algal reefs are important Miocene oil-gas reservoirs in the South China Sea depositional basins by quantifying the throat, areal porosity and porosity parameters using threshold approach. Besides, the genetic model of algal reef is put forward: the reef-building calcium algal algae adapted to the sea level rise and fall gradually succession-replacement, and after calcification, burial and fossilization, dolomitization, sedimentary algal reef dolomitization, resulting in the growth of the longitudinal sequence of the Xisha Reef in Miocene.

Key words: Xisha Islands, calcareous algae organic framework, algal reef-building, three-dimensional tomography, porosity-permeability layer 3D reconstruction

陈舒, 许红, 卢树参, 张海洋, 马亚增, 罗进雄. 西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(2): 140-153.

CHEN Shu, XU Hong, LU Shushen, Zhang Haiyang, MA Yazeng, LUO Jinxiong. The framework, reservoir characteristics and reef formation model of Miocene algal reef dolomite in the Xisha Islands^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(2): 140-153.

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样品	孔隙表面积/mm²	孔隙体积/mm³	岩石骨架体积/mm³	总体积/mm³	孔隙度/%	平均面孔率/%
岩芯4	172500.80	18649.50	66521.56	85171.06	21.90	26
岩芯5	121500.00	12778.40	88688.95	101467.30	12.59	19
岩芯6	97.08	2.12	18.41	20.52	10.32	21

西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式^*

The framework, reservoir characteristics and reef formation model of Miocene algal reef dolomite in the Xisha Islands^*

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西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式*

The framework, reservoir characteristics and reef formation model of Miocene algal reef dolomite in the Xisha Islands*

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西沙群岛中新世藻礁白云岩植物格架、储层特征和成礁模式^*

The framework, reservoir characteristics and reef formation model of Miocene algal reef dolomite in the Xisha Islands^*