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热带海洋学报

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红树植物秋茄根系固氮微生物群落的稳定性和复杂性及其关键影响因子研究

齐峰1, 邓晓杰2, 关永鹏2, 周盛垚3, 何庆2, RAJAPAKSHALAGE Thashikala Nethmini 2, 李楠2, 姜宫凌侠2, 陈清香2, 雷欣悦2, 侯庆华2, 黄来珍2, 李小蕾2, 韦巧艳1   

  1. 1 桂林电子科技大学生命与环境科学学院, 广西 桂林 541200

    2 广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院, 广东 湛江 524088

    3 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 广西 桂林 541006

  • 收稿日期:2025-08-06 修回日期:2025-09-24 接受日期:2025-10-02
  • 通讯作者: 韦巧艳
  • 基金资助:
    广东海洋大学创新团队(2023KCXTD015); 广西科技计划项目(2024GXNSFBA010342); 国家自然科学基金(42267018)

Study on the stability and complexity of diazotrophic communities and key driving factors in the root-associated zones of mangrove plants

QI Feng1, DENG Xiaojie2, GUAN Yongpeng2, ZHOU Shengyao3, HE Qing2, RAJAPAKSHALAGE Thashikala Nethmini2, LI Nan2, JIANG Gonglingxia2, CHEN Qingxiang2, LEI Xinyue2, HOU Qinghua2, HUANG Laizhen2, LI Xiaolei2, WEI Qiaoyan1   

  1. 1 School of Life & Environmental Scinence, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541200, China

    2 College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

    3 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China

  • Received:2025-08-06 Revised:2025-09-24 Accepted:2025-10-02
  • Supported by:

    Guangdong University Innovation Team (Early-warning of marine disasters) (2023KCXTD015); Guangxi Science and Technology Program (2024GXNSFBA010342); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42267018)

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摘要： 红树植物秋茄根系固氮微生物物种组成丰富, 对红树林生态系统氮循环至关重要, 然而, 关于固氮微生物在红树林生态系统中的生态适应机制, 仍不十分清楚。本研究在中国南方的雷州红树林自然保护区分别采集了根内, 根际, 非根际各75份样品, 基于高通量测序技术和分子生态学方法, 研究了秋茄根内、根际、非根际的固氮微生物的组成、多样性、复杂性和稳定性及其主要影响因子。研究发现, α变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria )、δ变形菌纲(Deltaproteobacteria)和γ变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)是红树林根系中的优势物种, 其中α变形菌相对丰度最高, 在根内, 根际, 非根际的相对丰度分别为54.9%, 37.5%和29.1%。秋茄根际的α多样性最低, 但稳定性最高。在秋茄的根际和非根际, 复杂性与稳定性呈显著负相关, 而在根内复杂性与稳定性呈显著正相关。Spearman 相关性分析表明, 在红树林根系的不同区域, 盐度和总氮均为固氮微生物复杂性的主要影响因子：在非根际和根内区域, 固氮微生物复杂性与盐度和总氮均呈显著正相关；而在根际区域, 固氮微生物复杂性则与盐度和总氮表现出显著负相关。红树林根系固氮微生物群落稳定性的主要影响因子在不同区域呈现出显著差异：在非根际, 固氮微生物群落的稳定性与硝态氮呈显著负相关性；而在根际, 与盐度表现出显著正相关性。本研究加强了对红树林生态系统中固氮微生物复杂性和群落稳定性的维持机制的理解, 对恢复和维持盐碱化地区的红树植被生态修复具有重要意义。

关键词: 固氮微生物, 根系, 红树林生态系统, 共现网络, 复杂性, 稳定性

Abstract: The diazotrophs assemblages associated with the roots of the mangrove species Kandelia obovata exhibit remarkable species richness, which is integral to nitrogen cycling within mangrove ecosystems. However, the ecological adaptation mechanisms of these diazotrophs within mangrove ecosystems remain inadequately elucidated. In this study, we collected 75 samples each of root - endosphere, rhizosphere, and bulk soil from mangrove ecosystems in Leizhou, South China. Using high - throughput sequencing and molecular ecological approaches, this study analyzed the composition, diversity, complexity, stability of diazotrophs and their main driving factors in Kandelia obovata's root endosphere, rhizosphere, and non - rhizosphere areas. The results reveal that Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria dominate the diazotrophic communities, with Alphaproteobacteria exhibit the highest relative abundance. Specifically, the relative abundances of Alphaproteobacteria in the endorhizosphere, rhizosphere, and non-rhizosphere soils were 54.9%, 37.5%, and 29.1%, respectively. The α-diversity of diazotrophic communities in the rhizosphere of Kandelia obovata is minimal, whereas their stability is maximal. Notably, complexity and stability were negatively correlated in the rhizosphere and bulk soil but positively correlated within the endorhizosphere. In both the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere regions of Kandelia obovata, a significant negative correlation exists between complexity and stability. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that salinity and total nitrogen are principal determinants of diazotrophic community complexity across distinct regions of mangrove root-associated zones. In the non-rhizosphere and endosphere, diazotrophic community complexity exhibits significant positive correlations with both salinity and total nitrogen. Conversely, in the rhizosphere, diazotrophic community complexity displays significant negative correlations with salinity and total nitrogen. The primary factors influencing the stability of diazotrophic communities in mangrove root-associated zones differ among regions: in the non-rhizosphere, stability is significantly negatively correlated with nitrate nitrogen, whereas in the rhizosphere, it is significantly positively correlated with salinity. The present study augments the comprehension of the mechanisms governing the sustenance of complexity and community stability among diazotrophic communities within mangrove ecosystems. These insights hold substantial significance for the restoration and preservation of mangrove vegetation in saline-alkali regions.

Key words: diazotrophic communities, root-associated zones, mangrove ecosystem, co - occurrence network, complexity, stability