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热带海洋学报

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南沙美济礁“南科一井”生物标志物组成分布特征及其环境指示

朱小畏1, 2, 莫梓谊1, 2, 3, 茅晟懿4, 田雨杭1, 2, 5, 罗云1, 2, 苗莉1, 2, 徐维海1, 2, 黎刚1, 2, 颜文1, 2, 3
  

  1. 1. 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 511458;

    2. 边缘海与大洋地质实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 511458;

    3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;

    4. 天然气水合物实验室, 中国科学院广州能源研究所, 广东 广州 510640;

    5. 海南省海洋地质资源与环境重点实验室, 海南 海口 570206



  • 收稿日期:2025-11-26 修回日期:2026-01-14 接受日期:2026-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 颜文
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2021-06）; 国家自然科学基金委员会(42373029、42306076、42176079、42376079); 广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2024A1515012382、2025A1515010958); 海南省海洋地质资源与环境重点实验室开放基金(24-HNHYDZZYHJKF047)

Distribution Characteristics of Biomarker Components and Environmental Indications at the ‘ Well Nanke 1’ on Meiji Atoll, Nansha Islands

ZHU Xiaowei1, 2, Mo Ziyi1, 2, 3, Mao Shengyi4, Tian Yuhang1, 2, 5, Luo Yun1, 2, Miao Li1, 2, Xu Weihai1, 2, Li Gang1, 2, Yan Wen1, 2, 3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Guangzhou 511458,  Guangdong;

    2. Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong;

    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049;

    4. Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong;

    5. Hainan Marine Geological Resources and Environment Key Laboratory, Haikou 570206 Hainan



  • Received:2025-11-26 Revised:2026-01-14 Accepted:2026-03-10
  • Supported by:

    National Key R&D Program of China(2021-06); National Natural Science Foundation of China (42373029､42306076､ 42176079､ 42376079); General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2024A1515012382､ 2025A1515010958); Hainan Marine Geological Resources and Environment Key Laboratory Open Fund (24-HNHYDZZYHJKF047);

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摘要： 珊瑚礁广泛发育于我国南海海域，其生长记录中保存了海洋气候环境变化的各种信息，是一种重要的环境记录载体。本文以南沙美济礁“南科一井”(NK1)为研究对象，系统分析了珊瑚礁碳酸盐岩中的脂类生物标志物组成与分布特征，重点探讨了短链正构C14~18脂肪酸在重建古生产力方面的潜力及其环境指示意义。结果表明，该类脂肪酸对成岩作用和降解改造具有高抗性，与陆源营养输入、表层水体生产力、海平面变化密切相关，可作为重建造礁珊瑚古生产力记录的可靠指标。此外，在45~65米和95~110米层段识别出具有石油烃类特征的脂肪烃组合，结合美济礁区域构造背景与年代学数据，推断其为地质历史时期中-晚更新世自然烃类渗漏事件的产物，可能由中国台湾地区斜向弧陆碰撞引发。该研究为揭示南海珊瑚礁区古生产力演变及自然烃类渗漏的古环境效应提供了新的地球化学证据。

关键词: 美济礁, 生物标志物, 生产力指标, 南海南部

Abstract: Coral reefs in the South China Sea have developed extensively, and their growth records preserve diverse information on marine climate and environmental changes. These records serve as a crucial environmental archive. This study focuses on the Nansha Meiji Atoll 'Nanke 1 Well' (NK1) site, systematically analyzing the composition and distribution of lipid biomarker within coral reef carbonate rocks. The potential of short- and medium-chain C14~18 fatty acids for reconstructing paleoproductivity is examined, as well as their environmental significance. The results indicate that these fatty acids exhibit high resistance to diagenesis and degradation, and are closely correlated with terrestrial nutrient input, surface water productivity, and sea-level changes, thus serving as reliable proxies for reconstructing the paleoproductivity records of reef-building corals. Furthermore, aliphatic hydrocarbon assemblages with petroleum hydrocarbon signatures were identified in the 45-65m and 95-110m stratigraphic intervals. Integrating the regional tectonic setting and chronological data of Meiji Reef, these assemblages are inferred to be products of natural hydrocarbon seepage events during the Middle and Late Pleistocene, potentially triggered by the oblique arc-continent collision in the Taiwan region of China. This study provides new geochemical evidence to elucidate the evolution of paleoproductivity and the effects of natural hydrocarbon seepage on the paleoenvironment in the South China Sea coral reef region.

Key words: Meiji Atoll, Biomarkers, Productivity Indicators, Southern South China Sea