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热带海洋学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 77-84.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.04.010cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2014.04.010

• 海洋环境保护 • 上一篇    

大亚湾养殖区沉积物-水界面氮磷的释放通量及其在水体中的扩散迁移

程香菊1, 郭振仁2, 刘国3, 李兵3   

  1. 1. 华南理工大学土木与交通学院, 广东 广州 510640; 2. 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 广东 广州 510655; 3. 成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院, 四川 成都 610059
  • 收稿日期:2013-09-25 修回日期:2014-03-06 出版日期:2014-08-11 发布日期:2014-08-11
  • 作者简介:程香菊(1974~), 女, 四川省自贡市人,教授, 博士, 主要从事近岸海域水环境以及环境水力学方面研究。E-mail: chengxiangju@scut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    环保公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200909046); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2013ZZ0027)

Study on flux of nitrogen and phosphorus across the interface of sediment-water and their diffusion areas in seawater at the aquaculture region of Daya Bay

CHENG Xiang-ju1, GUO Zhen-ren2, LIU Guo3, LI Bin3   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; 2. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of environmental protection, Guangzhou 510655, China; 3. School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
  • Received:2013-09-25 Revised:2014-03-06 Online:2014-08-11 Published:2014-08-11

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被引次数

10 | 9

摘要：

为了更好地跟踪水产养殖活动对海湾水环境的影响, 于2011年10月采集了3个具有代表性的大亚湾海域水产养殖区的水样和底泥样品, 研究了底泥含水率、孔隙率、密度以及孔隙水中的氨氮和可溶活性磷酸盐的垂直分布。采用经典的Fick定律, 计算了氮和磷在沉积物-水界面的释放速率和年释放量。基于环境水力学理论, 应用水平二维数学模型, 计算了氮和磷在沉积物-水界面释放之后在海水中的扩散迁移时空分布。结果表明, 澳头、深水港、虎头门采样点沉积物-水界面的氨氮年释放量分别为13.5、5.2、0.56t·a-1, 可溶活性磷酸盐的释放量分别为0.34、0.03、0.02t·a-1, 使水产养殖区域沉积物成为极具潜力的污染内源。释放到海水中的氮和磷受潮流、风、水深的影响, 其扩散迁移范围呈长条形带状分布。每个养殖区域的污染带长度约为1km, 横向宽度约为50m。该区域的海水极易呈富营养化状态。

关键词: 大亚湾水产养殖区, 沉积物-水界面, 氮磷, 扩散

Abstract:

In order to better track the effect of marine culture in floating cage on water quality, the sediments of three representative sites in the aquaculture area of Daya Bay were sampled in October 2011. The water percentage, porosity percentage and density of sediments, and the vertical distributions of nitrogen and phosphorus in the interstitial water were measured in laboratory experiments. The release rate and yearly release quantity of nutrients at the sediment-water interface were calculated by means of Fick’s Law. Based on the theory of environmental hydraulics, a two-dimensional numerical model was applied to calculate diffusion regularities of the nutrients. The results show that, the yearly release contents of ammonia across the interface of sediment-water at Aotou, Shenshuigang and Hutoumen were 13.5, 5.2, 0.56 t·a-1, and that of dissolved reactive phosphorus were 0.34, 0.03, 0.02 t·a-1, respectively. The release fluxes were high enough to make the sediments close to the aquaculture area become a potential pollution source. The released nutrients from the sediment-water interface were affected by tidal flow, wind, and depth, and the diffusion region in seawater had a strip shape. The pollution belt was about 1 km in length and 50 m in width at each sampled site of the aquaculture area, which made eutrophication a potential risk to the water body.

Key words: aquaculture region of Daya bay, sediment-water interface, nitrogen and phosphorus, diffusion

中图分类号: 

  • P734.4+4