东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子*

doi:10.11978/2025001

热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 73-80.doi: 10.11978/2025001CSTR: 32234.14.2025001

东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子^*

杜恕环¹^,²^,³(), 向荣¹^,²^,³(), 苏翔¹^,²^,³(), 张兰兰¹^,²^,³, 潘子锐¹^,³, 谢金沃⁴, 罗传秀¹^,²^,³, 万随¹^,²^,³

¹热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 511458
²边缘海与大洋地质实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 511458
³中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
⁴广州大学地理科学与遥感学院, 广东广州 510006

收稿日期:2025-01-01 修回日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2026-01-30
通讯作者: 向荣, email: rxiang@scsio.ac.cn; 苏翔, email: suxiang@scsio.ac.cn
作者简介:
杜恕环(1982—), 女, 广东省汕头市人, 副研究员, 博士, 主要从事海洋风成与微体古生物研究。email: shuhuandu@scsio.ac.cn
*本文样品收集搭载的国家自然科学基金共享航次(42149910、42249910) (航次编号: NORC2022-10+NORC2022-303、NORC2023-10+NORC2023-303)由中国科学院南海海洋研究所“实验6”号科考船实施, 在此一并致谢
基金资助:
海南省科技计划三亚崖州湾科技城联合项目(2021JJLH0048); 广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515010705); 广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515011955); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所自主一体化项目(SCSIO2023HC07); 国家自然科学基金项目(42176082); 国家自然科学基金共享航次计划项目(42149910); 国家自然科学基金共享航次计划项目(42249910)

Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean^*

DU Shuhuan¹^,²^,³(), XIANG Rong¹^,²^,³(), SU Xiang¹^,²^,³(), ZHANG Lanlan¹^,²^,³, PAN Zirui¹^,³, XIE Jinwo⁴, LUO Chuanxiu¹^,²^,³, WAN Sui¹^,²^,³

¹State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
²Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
⁴School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2025-01-01 Revised:2025-02-06 Online:2026-01-10 Published:2026-01-30
Contact: XIANG Rong, email: rxiang@scsio.ac.cn; SU Xiang, email: suxiang@scsio.ac.cn
Supported by:
Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(2021JJLH0048); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010705); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011955); Independent Integration Program, South China Sea Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO2023HC07); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176082); Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(42149910); Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(42249910)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究针对东北印度洋90°E海岭区表层沉积物碳酸钙空间分异机制的科学问题, 通过多尺度分析方法揭示其控制因素与生物地球化学过程。基于10个站位表层沉积物的全样及分粒级(> 150μm、63~150μm、38~63μm、25~38μm、< 25μm)碳酸钙含量测试, 结合扫描电镜显微特征定量统计, 发现: (1)研究区碳酸钙含量呈现36.95%~74.76%的显著空间分异(均值56.05%), 形成30%~45%、45%~60%、60%~75%三级梯度格局; (2)水深3000m以上区域, 碳酸钙主控组分为> 150μm浮游有孔虫壳体(占比> 65%), 而接近/超过溶跃面的站位则以< 25μm细颗粒组分为主(贡献率> 58%); (3)显微特征定量分析首次揭示25~38μm组分中钙质沟鞭藻化石(相对丰度最高达73.68%)与超微化石、有孔虫碎片的协同沉积模式。进一步研究表明, 碳酸钙分布主要由三元调控机制主导, 即水深控制的溶解效应、陆源碎屑输入和硅质生物稀释作用。本研究创新性地建立了“粒级分离-显微统计-环境解译”的综合研究方法。该方法不仅完善了海山地貌单元碳酸钙分布理论模型, 其发现的钙质沟鞭藻新碳源类型也拓展了对深海无机碳库的组成认知。研究成果可为全球海岭区碳酸钙保存机制的对比研究提供关键案例, 并通过改进粒径特异性碳酸钙通量算法, 为海洋碳循环模型参数化提供重要科学依据。

关键词: 90°E海岭, 表层沉积物, 碳酸钙组成, 分粒级碳酸钙

Abstract:

This study addresses the scientific question of the spatial differentiation mechanisms of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) in surface sediments across the 90°E Ridge in the northeastern Indian Ocean, employing a multi-scale analytical approach to elucidate controlling factors and biogeochemical processes. Through bulk and size-fractionated ( > 150 μm, 63-150 μm, 38-63 μm, 25-38 μm, < 25 μm) CaCO₃ contribution analyses of surface sediments from 10 stations, combined with quantitative statistical analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microfeatures, the following findings were obtained: (1) The CaCO₃ content exhibits significant spatial variability (36.95%-74.76%, mean 56.05%), forming a tripartite gradient pattern of 30%-45%, 45%-60%, and 60%-75%. (2) In regions with water depths above 3000 m, the dominant CaCO₃ component is planktonic foraminiferal shells (> 150 μm, contributing > 65%), while stations near or above the lysocline are dominated by the < 25 μm fine-grained fraction (contribution > 58%). (3) Quantitative microfeature analysis reveals, for the first time, a co-deposition pattern of calcareous dinoflagellate fossils (relative abundance up to 73.68%) with coccoliths and foraminiferal fragments in the 25-38 μm fraction. Further investigations demonstrate that CaCO₃ distribution is governed by a ternary regulatory mechanism involving water depth-dependent dissolution effects, terrigenous clastic input, and siliceous biological dilution. This study innovatively establishes an integrated methodology of “grain-size separation-microscopic statistics-environmental interpretation”, which not only refines theoretical models of CaCO₃ distribution in seamount geomorphic units but also expands the understanding of deep-sea inorganic carbon reservoirs by identifying calcareous dinoflagellate fossils as a novel carbon source. The findings provide a critical case study for comparative research on CaCO₃ preservation mechanisms in global ridge systems and offer vital scientific insights for parameterizing marine carbon cycle models through improved algorithms for size-specific CaCO₃ flux calculations.

Key words: 90°E Ridge, surface sediments, calcium carbonate composition, particle size of calcium carbonates

中图分类号:

Q913

杜恕环, 向荣, 苏翔, 张兰兰, 潘子锐, 谢金沃, 罗传秀, 万随. 东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(1): 73-80.

DU Shuhuan, XIANG Rong, SU Xiang, ZHANG Lanlan, PAN Zirui, XIE Jinwo, LUO Chuanxiu, WAN Sui. Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(1): 73-80.

图/表 6

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样品号	经度	纬度	水深/m
22HN01	90°10′12″E	5°00′36″N	3573
22HN02	90°00′00″E	4°06′36″N	3830
22HN09	90°55′12″E	2°58′11″N	3083
23EI-01-BOX	89°33′36″E	4°40′48″N	3937
23EI-03	91°27′00″E	3°15′00″N	4157
23HN03	89°54′00″E	3°01′12″N	2553
23HN04	89°43′48″E	1°59′23″N	2746
23HN05	86°43′11″E	3°17′24″N	4208
23HN07	88°58′11″E	3°04′12″N	3733
23MG-04	90°14′23″E	3°58′11″N	2636

东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子^*

Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean^*

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东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子*

Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean*

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东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子^*

Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean^*