2022年夏季西北太平洋海洋热浪分布特征及形成机制*

doi:10.11978/2024036

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 82-92.doi: 10.11978/2024036CSTR: 32234.14.2024036

2022年夏季西北太平洋海洋热浪分布特征及形成机制*

周相润¹(), 王莹¹(), 智海²

1.海洋科学学院, 南京信息工程大学, 江苏南京 210044
2.大气科学学院, 南京信息工程大学, 江苏南京 210044

收稿日期:2024-02-05 修回日期:2024-03-06 出版日期:2025-01-10 发布日期:2025-02-10
通讯作者: 王莹
作者简介:
周相润(2001—), 女, 辽宁省沈阳市人, 理学学士, 从事海洋气象研究。email: 787869771@qq.com
*感谢南京信息工程大学超算平台提供计算支撑。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41905089); 崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202202403)

Distribution characteristics and mechanism of the Northwest Pacific marine heatwaves in the summer of 2022*

ZHOU Xiangrun¹(), WANG Ying¹(), ZHI Hai²

1. School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
2. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2024-02-05 Revised:2024-03-06 Online:2025-01-10 Published:2025-02-10
Contact: WANG Ying
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41905089); Science and Technology Innovation Project of Laoshan Laboratory(LSKJ202202403)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文基于卫星遥感的珊瑚礁热浪监测数据集, 对2022年7月1日—9月30日西北太平洋海域海洋热浪的分布特征进行分析, 主要研究了热浪较强的三个区域单站点的典型海洋热浪过程及区域海洋热浪的形成机制。结果表明:(1)西北太平洋海洋热浪各属性的空间分布，除了最大强度外，均具有一定的相似性, 总体而言高值较为集中。(2)江苏外海海域的海洋热浪各属性显著高于其他海域; 台湾附近黑潮流域海洋热浪最大强度不高，但持续时间较长; 广东近海海域的海洋热浪属性值均高于西北太平洋的空间均值。(3)江苏外海海域92d内的一次海洋热浪生成，与西太平洋副热带高压扩张下的大气强迫联合作用，以及大气风场对黑潮流域大量感热以及潜热的输送过程密切相关。台湾附近黑潮流域以及广东近海海域的一次海洋热浪主要是由西太平洋副热带高压控制下增多的太阳辐射直接强迫所引起的。

关键词: 海洋热浪, 西北太平洋, 大气强迫, 海表温度

Abstract:

The distribution characteristics of marine heatwaves in the northwest Pacific Ocean, from July 1 to September 30, 2022, were analyzed based on the coral reef watch (CRW) heatwaves monitoring dataset using satellite remote sensing. The typical marine heatwaves processes at single stations and formation mechanism of regional heatwaves in three regions with strong heatwaves were mainly explored. A composite analysis of atmospheric and ocean variables was used to investigate the mechanism of marine heatwaves. The results indicate that: (1) The spatial distribution of various attributes of marine heatwaves in the northwest Pacific has certain similarities except for the maximum intensity, and overall, the high values are relatively concentrated. (2) The properties of marine heatwaves in the offshore area of Jiangsu are significantly higher than those in other regions; the Kuroshio basin near Taiwan has a lower maximum intensity but longer duration of marine heatwaves; the values of various attributes of marine heatwaves in the offshore area of Guangdong are above the spatial mean of Northwest Pacific Ocean. (3) The generation of a marine heatwave in the offshore area of Jiangsu within 92 days is closely related to the combined effect of atmospheric forcing under the expansion of the Western Pacific Subtropical High and the transport process of atmospheric wind field with a large amount of sensible heat and latent heat from the Kuroshio basin. The marine heatwaves in the Kuroshio basin near Taiwan and the offshore area of Guangdong are mainly caused by the increased solar radiation under the control of the Western Pacific Subtropical High.

Key words: marine heatwaves, Northwest Pacific, atmospheric forcing, sea surface temperature

中图分类号:

P732.6

周相润, 王莹, 智海. 2022年夏季西北太平洋海洋热浪分布特征及形成机制*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(1): 82-92.

ZHOU Xiangrun, WANG Ying, ZHI Hai. Distribution characteristics and mechanism of the Northwest Pacific marine heatwaves in the summer of 2022*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(1): 82-92.

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指标	英文名称	定义	单位
阈值	threshold	气候基准期内第90百分位数的海温(记为T₉₀)	℃
起始时间	start time	T_d≥T_90d且T_d-1<T_90d的这一天, 即热浪开始的日期, 记为t_s
结束时间	finish time	T_d<T_90d且T_d-1≥T_90d的这一天, 即热浪结束的日期, 记为t_e
总天数	total days	某时段热浪日的累加和即为总天数	d
爆发频次	frequency	从t_s开始到t_e结束且t_e−t_s≥5, 记为一次热浪, 某时段发生的热浪次数之和即为爆发频次
持续时间	duration	t_e−t_s即为持续时间	d
最大强度	max intensity	i_max = max(T_d−T_md)	℃

2022年夏季西北太平洋海洋热浪分布特征及形成机制*

Distribution characteristics and mechanism of the Northwest Pacific marine heatwaves in the summer of 2022*

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