海洋中尺度涡旋源汇空间分布特征研究

doi:10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2013.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

借助卫星高度计数据，对中尺度涡进行识别和追踪；以16年内中尺度涡个数上的生消为判据，发现中尺度涡在除赤道外的全球大洋中生消频繁，但在海盆内区并没有明显的生成占优区或消亡占优区；而在中纬度近岸的狭窄东边界内中尺度涡生成居多，在另一侧近岸的狭窄西边界中尺度涡消亡居多。同时，我们以一阶斜压模态所对应的特征深度作为两层结构的内界面深度，并假定涡动能平均分配于正压模态和一阶斜压模态，计算得到了包含涡动能和涡有效重力位能的中尺度涡能量年平均净生成率和净耗散率，发现虽然海盆西边界是涡场能量耗散大于能量生成的区域，但强耗散过程实际上在海盆西侧内区的强流及其回流区均有发生。另外，中尺度涡生消个数差值的分布与中尺度涡能量净生成率和净耗散率的分布表明，虽然海盆东边界近岸区域内中尺度涡的生成居多，但该区域中尺度涡的能量偏弱，因此该区并非涡场能量的主要源区。

关键词: 中尺度涡, 涡动能, 涡有效重力位能, 西边界

Abstract:

The difference between eddy formation and termination, based on eddy detection and tracking using 16-year satellite altimetry data, suggests both eddy formation and termination occur in the world oceans, except at the equator. There is no evidence of formation-dominant zone or termination-dominant zone in the open oceans, and along the eastern boundaries of the ocean basins eddy formation overpowers eddy dissipation while along the western boundaries eddy decaying overpowers eddy formation. A two-layer model is formulated, using the equivalent depth of the first baroclinic mode as the interface depth and assuming the barotropic mode and the first baroclinic mode have equal kinetic energy. We estimated the annual mean eddy energy change rate and the associated distribution of sources and sinks of mesoscale eddy energy. In addition, although dissipation of eddy energy is the dominating term within the western boundaries, intense dissipation also occurs in the ocean interior, in particular near intense currents and associated recirculation regimes. Furthermore, the distribution of the number of eddies generated minus decayed and the pattern of eddy-energy sources and sinks demonstrate that, although there are more eddies formed in the narrow bands of eastern boundaries, eddy energy growth rate in these regions is quite low due to weak mesoscale variability.

Key words: mesoscale eddy, eddy kinetic energy, eddy available gravitational potential energy, western boundary, dissipation

中图分类号:

P731

徐驰，陈桂英，尚晓东，黄瑞新. 海洋中尺度涡旋源汇空间分布特征研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2013, 32(2): 37-46.

XU Chi, CHEN Gui-ying, SHANG Xiao-dong, HUANG Rui-xin. The spatial distribution of sources and sinks of ocean mesoscale eddies[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2013, 32(2): 37-46.

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