秋季南海东北部表层水体固氮及其对初级生产力贡献*

doi:10.11978/2015130

热带海洋学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 38-47.doi: 10.11978/2015130CSTR: 32234.14.2015130

秋季南海东北部表层水体固氮及其对初级生产力贡献^*

刘甲星^{1, 2, 3}, 周林滨^{1, 2}, 李刚^{1, 2}, 谭烨辉^{1, 2}, 刘华健^{1, 2, 3}, 赵春宇^{1, 2, 3}, 柯志新^{1, 2}, 李佳俊^{1, 2, 3}, 姜歆^{1, 2, 3}

1. 中国科学院南海海洋研究所中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东广州 510301; 2. 中国科学院南海海洋研究所广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 广东广州 510301;; 3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2015-10-22 出版日期:2016-08-29 发布日期:2016-09-22
通讯作者: 谭烨辉。E-mail: tanyh@scsio.ac.cn
作者简介:刘甲星(1986—), 男, 河南省南阳市人, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为海洋生态学。E-mail: ljx2ljx@163.com
基金资助:
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目 (41130855、41276162); 中国科学院战略先导专项 (XDA11020200); 公益性行业(农业)科研专项 (201403008); 科技基础性工作专项项目 (2012FY112400、2013FY111200); 广东省科技计划项目 (2014B030301064)

Nitrogen fixation and its contribution of nitrogen to primary production in the surface waters of the northeastern South China Sea during October 2014

LIU Jiaxing^{1, 2, 3}, ZHOU Linbin^{1, 2}, LI Gang^{1, 2}, TAN Yehui^{1, 2}, LIU Huajian^{1, 2, 3}, ZHAO Chunyu^{1, 2, 3}, KE Zhixin^{1, 2}, LI Jiajun^{1, 2, 3}, JIANG Xin^{1, 2, 3}

1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;; 2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2015-10-22 Online:2016-08-29 Published:2016-09-22
Contact: Corresponding author: TAN Yehui. E-mail: tanyh@scsio.ac.cn
Supported by:
Foundation item: National Science Foundation of China (41130855 and 41276162); Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA11020200); Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201403008); National Project of Basic Sciences and Technology of China (2012FY112400 and 2013FY111200) and Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2014B030301064)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2014年10月在南海东北部利用¹⁵N和¹⁴C示踪法实测了28个站位表层固氮速率和初级生产力, 结合温度、盐度、营养盐和叶绿素a(Ch a)分析了南海东北部表层水体生物固氮及其对初级生产力的贡献。结果表明, 受珠江冲淡水影响最明显的站位(A1)肉眼可见大量丝状束毛藻(Trichodesmium), 其固氮速率达3475nmolN·m^-3·h^-1, 是其他站位固氮速率的1~3个数量级之多; 其他站位表层固氮速率在4~213nmolN·m^-3·h^-1之间, 平均固氮速率为77±54nmolN·m^-3·h^-1(n = 27), 固氮速率最低的站位出现在受中国沿岸流影响的台湾浅滩及其邻近海域。近岸(水深小于100m)站位表层固氮速率与温度显著正相关(R = 0.68, n = 11, p < 0.05), 相对高温、高磷和低硝酸盐可能是珠江冲淡水影响站位出现高固氮速率的原因, 低温低盐则可能是台湾浅滩及其邻近近岸区域出现低固氮速率的原因。初级生产力(14.19~0.17 mgC·m^-3·h^-1)从近岸区域到外海逐渐降低, 平均为0.61±0.45 mgC·m^-3·h^-1, 最高站位出现在台湾浅滩, 最低站位出现在深海区。固氮作用对初级生产所需氮的贡献率(0.08%~9.30%, 平均3.90%±3.10%)从近岸到外海逐渐增加, 表层水温高于26℃时, 固氮对初级生产的氮贡献显著增加。以上结果表明, 秋季南海东北部固氮和初级生产受珠江冲淡水和沿岸流等物理过程调控。

关键词: 固氮速率, 初级生产力, 贡献, 秋季, 南海东北部

Abstract: Biological N₂ fixation rate and primary productivity in surface seawater were measured using ¹⁵N and ¹⁴C tracer assays, respectively, at 28 stations in the northeastern South China Sea during October 2014. Combined with variables including temperature and salinity, dissolved nutrients and chlorophyll a, the spatial distribution of N₂ fixation rate, and the nitrogen contribution of N₂ fixation to primary production were discussed. Our results showed that the highest rate (3475 nmolN·m^-3·h^-1) was observed at a Pearl River plume-affected station, where substantial filamentous Trichodesmium colonies apparent to naked eyes occurred. The highest rate was about two or three orders of magnitude higher than those observed at other stations, where N₂ fixation rates ranged from 4 to 213 nmolN·m^-3·h^-1 with an average of 77±54 nmolN·m^-3·h^-1(n=27) were detected. The lowest N₂ fixation rate was observed in the Taiwan Bank and its adjacent seawaters influenced by the China Coastal Current. There was a significant negative correlation between N₂ fixation rate and surface seawater temperature in the inshore waters (bottom depth <100 m; R=0.68, p<0.05). Higher seawater temperature, higher phosphate concentration and lower nitrate plus nitrite concentration may contribute to the higher N₂ fixation rate at the stations influenced by the Pearl River plume, while lower seawater temperature and salinity may result in the lower N₂ fixation rate in the Taiwan Bank and its adjacent inshore seawaters influenced by the China Coastal Current. The primary productivity (14.19-0.17 mgC·m^-3·h^-1) decreased from the inshore area to the open waters. N₂ fixation could meet 0.08% to 9.30% (3.90%±3.10% on average, n=28) of the nitrogen demand by primary production and the contribution percentage increased from the inshore area toward the open waters. In addition, the contribution percentage significantly increased when the surface temperature was higher than 26℃. Our results indicated that nitrogen fixation and primary production could be regulated by physical processes such as the Pearl River plume and China Coastal Current in the northeastern South China Sea in autumn.

Key words: nitrogen fixation rate, primary production, contribution, autumn, northeastern South China Sea

刘甲星, 周林滨, 李刚, 谭烨辉, 刘华健, 赵春宇, 柯志新, 李佳俊, 姜歆. 秋季南海东北部表层水体固氮及其对初级生产力贡献^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2016, 35(5): 38-47.

LIU Jiaxing, ZHOU Linbin, LI Gang, TAN Yehui, LIU Huajian, ZHAO Chunyu, KE Zhixin, LI Jiajun, JIANG Xin. Nitrogen fixation and its contribution of nitrogen to primary production in the surface waters of the northeastern South China Sea during October 2014[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(5): 38-47.

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秋季南海东北部表层水体固氮及其对初级生产力贡献^*

Nitrogen fixation and its contribution of nitrogen to primary production in the surface waters of the northeastern South China Sea during October 2014

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