深圳大鹏湾一次球形棕囊藻藻华的发生过程及成因分析

doi:10.11978/2021148

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2021年1月下旬深圳大鹏湾沿岸海域发生球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)藻华。为了探究球形棕囊藻藻华发生动态特征及其影响因素, 于1月20日至2月1日系统调查分析了藻华发生过程中浮游植物优势种演替、球形棕囊藻囊体数量、营养盐水平以及其他环境因素的变化。结果表明: 1月20日, 中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)为绝对优势种, 1月21日球形棕囊藻囊体开始出现, 1月25日囊体数量达到最高, 达69colonies·L^-1; 1月27日红色赤潮藻(Akashiwo sanguinea)藻华出现, 随后球形棕囊藻藻华逐渐消退。灰关联分析显示, 铵盐和硝酸盐是影响球形棕囊藻囊体丰度的最主要因素。水体扰动和球形棕囊藻在磷限制条件下的竞争优势也可能有利于球形棕囊藻藻华的发生。红色赤潮藻藻华可能是球形棕囊藻藻华消退的主要原因。球形棕囊藻藻华的发生和消亡是各种理化因素和生物因素共同作用的结果。

关键词: 大鹏湾, 球形棕囊藻, 藻华, 环境因素

Abstract:

A bloom caused by giant colonies of Phaeocystis globosa was observed in Mirs Bay in late January 2021. To better understand the bloom dynamics and their controlling factors, in situ investigations on phytoplankton succession, colony numbers and size, inorganic nutrient concentrations, and other environmental factors were conducted from Jan. 20 to Feb. 1, 2021. The phytoplankton bloom, initiated by an early Skeletonema costatum bloom, was followed by a large bloom of P. globosa. Phytoplankton community was dominated by the population of Akashiwo sanguinea after the decline of P. globosa bloom. The maximum colony density observed during the P. globosa bloom was up to 69 colonies ·L^-1, while colony diameters were up to 1.2 cm. Analytic results showed that ammonium and nitrate were the key environmental factors that initiated the P. globosa bloom. In addition, turbulence and competitive advantage over S. costatum under phosphate limitation might also play important roles in the occurrence of the bloom. The bloom of A. sanguine could be the major cause for the decline of P. globosa bloom. Overall, the P. globosa bloom was a combined result of various physical and chemical factors and biotical factors.

Key words: Mirs Bay, Phaeocystis globosa, bloom, environmental factors

中图分类号:

刘悦, 李丽, 翟晓辉, 周娟, 叶鹏浩, 黄盛东. 深圳大鹏湾一次球形棕囊藻藻华的发生过程及成因分析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022, 41(3): 164-171.

LIU Yue, LI Li, ZHAI Xiaohui, ZHOU Juan, YE Penghao, HUANG Shengdong. Analysis of the bloom caused by colonial Phaeocystis globosa in Mirs Bay[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(3): 164-171.

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序号	环境因子	关联系数
1	铵盐	0.7024
2	硝酸盐	0.6957
3	溶解氧	0.6886
4	盐度	0.6854
5	pH	0.6847
6	温度	0.6836
7	硅酸盐	0.6785
8	磷酸盐	0.6537
9	亚硝酸盐	0.6520