北部湾棕囊藻藻华原因种分析

doi:10.11978/2020030

热带海洋学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 122-130.doi: 10.11978/2020030CSTR: 32234.14.2020030

北部湾棕囊藻藻华原因种分析

徐轶肖^1,²(), 何喜林^1,², 张腾^1,², 蓝文陆³

1.南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 广西南宁 530001
2.南宁师范大学广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室, 广西南宁 530001
3.广西壮族自治区海洋环境监测中心站, 广西北海 536000

收稿日期:2020-03-16 修回日期:2020-06-15 出版日期:2020-10-10 发布日期:2020-06-15
通讯作者: 徐轶肖
作者简介:徐轶肖(1977—), 女, 浙江省兰溪市人, 副研究员, 从事海洋有毒有害藻与海产品安全研究。email: xuyixiao_77@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41976155);国家自然科学基金(41506137);广西自然科学基金(2016GXNSFBA380037)

Causative species of Phaeocystis blooms in Beibu Gulf

XU Yixiao^1,²(), HE Xilin^1,², ZHANG Teng^1,², LAN Wenlu³

1. Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
3. Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China

Received:2020-03-16 Revised:2020-06-15 Online:2020-10-10 Published:2020-06-15
Contact: XU Yixiao
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41976155);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41506137);Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2016GXNSFBA380037)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来, 棕囊藻已成为我国北部湾海域藻华发生的主要原因种, 严重影响北部湾海洋生态环境、水产增养殖业和防城港核电安全, 急切需要对棕囊藻藻华原因种作进一步分析确认。2017年2月和3月在钦州湾和涠洲岛藻华发生海域分离得到9株棕囊藻, 采用光学显微镜进行形态学初步鉴定, 并通过核糖体小亚基序列(SSU rDNA)进行系统进化分析。研究结果表明, 北部湾9株棕囊藻与球形棕囊藻形态特征基本符合, 系统发育树与不同海域来源的球形棕囊藻聚在同一大分支上, 与其他海域来源的球形棕囊藻遗传距离为0.0000~0.0071, 其中北部湾WZS3-1株与墨西哥湾株CCMP627、苏里南株CCMP628、厄瓜多尔株CCMP1528、南非株P162、中国海株RCC:K1398及汕头株Santou97的球形棕囊藻亲缘关系最近, 遗传距离为0.0000, 而北部湾WZS1、WZS2、WZS4、WZS5株与香港株SKLMP_T005和渤海株BOHAI1亲缘关系最近, 遗传距离为0.0000。球形棕囊藻的种内遗传距离(0.0000~0.0073)明显小于种间遗传距离(0.0084~0.0440), 因此可确定来自北部湾不同海域的9株棕囊藻均为球形棕囊藻。此外, 球形棕囊藻各藻株间的亲缘关系远近与其地理位置分布不能完全对应。本研究结果将为我国棕囊藻藻华藻种库构建、棕囊藻北部湾株生理生态研究和北部湾棕囊藻藻华发生机理研究等提供参考。

关键词: 球形棕囊藻, 系统发育树, 遗传距离, 藻华, 北部湾

Abstract:

In recent years, Phaeocystis has become the main causative species for algal blooms in the Beibu Gulf of China. It has deleterious effects on marine ecosystem and aquaculture, and causes nuclear power plant safety problems in Fangcheng. It is thus urgent to further analyze the causative species of Phaeocystis in the region. In February and March 2017, nine strains of Phaeocystis sp. identified by optical microscope were isolated during algal blooms in Qinzhou Bay and Weizhou Island; their SSU rDNA sequences were then analyzed using Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree. The results showed that all nine strains of Phaeocystis sp. were morphologically consistent with those of Phaeocystis globosa. Their genetic distance varied between 0.0000-0.0073; and in the phylogenetic tree, all clustered in the same branch with those P. globosa from other seawaters. Among them, WZS3-1 strain in the Beibu Gulf had the closest genetic relationship with P. globosa from Gulf of Mexico CCMP627, Surinam CCMP628, Ecuador CCMP1528, South Africa P162, China Sea RCC:K1398 and Santou97, exhibiting a genetic distance of 0.0000. Strains of WZS1, WZS2, WZS4, and WZS5 in the Beibu Gulf had a genetic distance of 0.0000 with Hong Kong SKLMP_T005 and Bohai BOHAI1. The intraspecific genetic distance of P. globosa (0.0000-0.0071) is significantly smaller than the interspecific genetic distance of P. globosa (0.0084-0.0440). As a result, these nine strains from Beibu Gulf all belong to P. globosa. The phylogenetic distance for strains of P. globosa do not reflect their geographical distance. The findings of this study are essential for Phaeocystis culture collection, their further ecophysiological study and understanding of occurrence mechanisms for Phaeocystis blooms in the Beibu Gulf.

Key words: Phaeocystis globosa, phylogenetic tree, genetic distance, harmful algal blooms, Beibu Gulf

中图分类号:

徐轶肖, 何喜林, 张腾, 蓝文陆. 北部湾棕囊藻藻华原因种分析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2020, 39(6): 122-130.

XU Yixiao, HE Xilin, ZHANG Teng, LAN Wenlu. Causative species of Phaeocystis blooms in Beibu Gulf[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2020, 39(6): 122-130.

图/表 4

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株名	采集地	采集时间
QJ-1	钦州湾(21°41′38″N, 108°35′13″E)	2017-02-22
QJ-2	钦州湾(21°41′38″N, 108°35′13″E)	2017-02-22
QJ-3	钦州湾(21°41′38″N, 108°35′13″E)	2017-02-22
WZS1	涠洲岛(21°03′16″N, 109°08′71″E)	2017-03-21
WZS2	涠洲岛(21°06′44″N, 109°10′36″E)	2017-03-21
WZS3-1	涠洲岛(21°06′48″N, 109°13′43″E)	2017-03-21
WZS3-2	涠洲岛(21°06′48″N, 109°13′43″E)	2017-03-21
WZS4	涠洲岛(21°03′23″N, 109°13′15″E)	2017-03-21
WZS5	涠洲岛(21°02′42″N, 109°11′13″E)	2017-03-21

种	株系	来源地	登录号
P. globosa	QJ-1	中国, 钦州湾	MN826692
P. globosa	QJ-2	中国, 钦州湾	MN826693
P. globosa	QJ-3	中国, 钦州湾	MN826694
P. globosa	WZS1	中国, 涠洲岛	MN826695
P. globosa	WZS2	中国, 涠洲岛	MN826696
P. globosa	WZS3-1	中国, 涠洲岛	MN826697
P. globosa	WZS3-2	中国, 涠洲岛	MN826698
P. globosa	WZS4	中国, 涠洲岛	MN826699
P. globosa	WZS5	中国, 涠洲岛	MN826670
P. globosa	-	中国香港	DQ075202
P. globosa	SKLMP_T005	中国香港	MG914020
P. globosa	BOHAI1	中国, 渤海	EU077556
P. globosa	-	中国, 渤海	EU024765
P. globosa	RCC:K1398	太平洋-中国海域	JX660987
P. globosa	Santou97	中国, 汕头	AJ279499
P. globosa	CCMP628	大西洋, 苏里南	AF182112
P. globosa	W07.002.01	英国	GQ118979
P. globosa	robertsonii	南大西洋湾	EF100712
P. globosa	CCMP627	墨西哥湾	AF182111
P. globosa	SK35	德国湾	X77476
P. globosa	PLY147	比利时	AY851300
种	株系	来源地	登录号
P. globosa	CCMP1528	厄瓜多尔	AF182110
P. globosa	P162	南非	AF182113
P. globosa	CCMP1524	泰国	AF182109
P. globosa	RCC:PCC64	英吉利海峡	JX660994
P. globosa	RCC:RCC678	英国, 北海(大西洋)	JX660989
P. globosa	RCC:NIES388	日本	JX660988
P. globosa	PCC540	东大西洋	AF182115
P. globosa	RCC:RCC1737	太平洋	JX660993
P. pouchetii	P360	挪威, 劳内峡湾	AF182114
P. pouchetii	SK34	格陵兰岛	X77475
P. antarctica	SK22	南大洋威德尔海	X77480
P. antarctica	MM-E1B6	-	JN381493
P. jahnii	NIES-3884	地中海	LC189148
P. jahnii	CCMP2496	地中海	AF163148
P. cordata	-	地中海	AF163147
Emiliania huxleyi	Texel B	-	AF184167

北部湾棕囊藻藻华原因种分析

Causative species of Phaeocystis blooms in Beibu Gulf

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