热带海洋学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 122-130.doi: 10.11978/2022132CSTR: 32234.14.2022132

• 海洋生物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

悬浮物对三亚珊瑚礁区浮游动物群落结构及其摄食的影响

胡思敏1,2(), 周天成1,3, 张琛1,3, 刘胜1,2(), 李涛1,2,4, 黄晖1,2,4   

  1. 1.中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301
    2.三亚海洋科学综合(联合)实验室, 海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室, 三亚海洋生态环境工程研究院, 海南 三亚 572000
    3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
    4.海南三亚海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站, 海南 三亚 572000
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-09 修回日期:2022-07-22 出版日期:2024-05-10 发布日期:2023-04-07
  • 作者简介:

    胡思敏(1987—), 女, 山东省枣庄市人, 助理研究员, 从事浮游动物摄食生态学研究。e-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41806188); 国家自然科学基金项目(42176118); 广东省科技计划项目(2020B1212060058); 海南省自然科学基金项目(422QN442); 广州市科技计划项目(202201010674)

Effect of suspended solids on zooplankton community and their feeding selectivity in the Sanya coral waters

HU Simin1,2(), ZHOU Tiancheng1,3, ZHANG Chen1,3, LIU Sheng1,2(), LI Tao1,2,4, HUANG Hui1,2,4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
    2. Sanya Joint Laboratory of Marine Science Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Marine Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Sanya 572000, China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4. Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
  • Received:2022-06-09 Revised:2022-07-22 Online:2024-05-10 Published:2023-04-07
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41806188); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176118); Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2020B1212060058); Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(422QN442); Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou City(202201010674)

摘要:

随着人类活动对珊瑚礁的影响日益加剧, 输入到近岸珊瑚礁区的悬浮物日益增多, 不仅影响珊瑚的生理, 也会对珊瑚礁生态系统基础生物生产过程产生影响。为了解悬浮物对珊瑚礁区浮游动物组成及摄食的影响, 于2015年4月在三亚典型岸礁区设置了昼夜连续观测站点(W4为悬浮物浓度高的站位, W5为对照站位), 分析了悬浮物波动对浮游动物群落结构的影响, 并用分子生物学方法结合室内实验, 研究了悬浮物对优势桡足类现场食物组成和摄食选择的影响。结果显示: 两个站位叶绿素a浓度偏低, 昼夜波动较大; W4站的悬浮物和叶绿素a浓度均高于W5站, 但W5站悬浮物中有机颗粒物组分比例(73.69%)高于W4站(46.09%); W5站浮游动物种类多样性和丰度均高于W4站。进一步摄食分析表明, 两个站位桡足类均以后生动物来源的有机碎屑为主要食物, 在W4站桡足类食物组成中浮游植物的比例也相对较高, 而在W5站桡足类还摄食较多的微型浮游动物。在摄食实验中, 高浓度的悬浮颗粒物显著提高了红纺锤水蚤(Acartia erythraea)的滤水率和摄食率, 但其食物组成却由以浮游植物为主转而以陆生植物碎屑为主, 说明浓缩海水中较高的悬浮颗粒物含量限制了桡足类的摄食选择, 使其摄食大部分有机碎屑作为补偿营养来源。研究结果表明, 高悬浮物浓度会影响浮游动物的摄食选择, 但悬浮物中高比例的有机碎屑可为浮游动物提供重要的补充食物来源, 支持其维持较高的生物量。

关键词: 浮游动物, 悬浮物, 群落结构, 摄食多样性, 三亚湾

Abstract:

With the intensification of human activities, the suspended solids imported into the nearshore coral reef area are increasing, which will not only affect the physiology of coral but also affect the basic biological production process of the coral reef ecosystem. To understand the impact of suspended solids on the species composition and feeding of zooplankton, the impact of suspended solids fluctuation on zooplankton community structure was analyzed by a diurnal observation in a typical coastal reef area of Sanya in April 2015, and the feeding response of the dominant species was studied by molecular method combined with laboratory experiments. The results showed that the phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a concentration) in these two stations was low with a significant diurnal fluctuation. The concentration of suspended solids and chlorophyll a in the W4 station are higher than those of the W5 station, but the proportion of organic particulate matter in the suspended solids of the W5 (73.69%) station is higher than that of W4 (46.09%). The species diversity and abundance of zooplankton in the W5 station are higher than that in the W4 station. Dietary analysis shows that the copepods in these two stations are mainly fed on organic detritus from metazoans. The proportion of phytoplankton in the diet of copepods in the W4 station is also relatively high, while copepods in the W5 station also eat some microzooplankton. In the feeding experiment, the high concentration of suspended particles significantly improved the filtration rate and ingestion rate of Acartia erythraea, but its dominant food item changed from phytoplankton to terrestrial plant detritus, indicating that the high content of suspended particles in the concentrated seawater limited the feeding choice of copepods and made them eat more organic detritus as a compensatory food source. The results show that high suspended solids concentration will affect the feeding choice of zooplankton, but the high proportion of organic detritus in suspended solids can provide an important supplementary food source for zooplankton and support its maintenance of high biomass.

Key words: zooplankton, suspended solid, community structure, diet diversity, Sanya Bay