检索
E-mail
RSS

作者投稿 主编审稿 专家审稿 远程编辑

热带海洋学报

• • 上一篇    

南海表层水悬浮颗粒物脂肪酸组成特征及其生态指示意义

李东平, 石豪磊, 罗中原, 曹建涛, 贾国东   

  1. 同济大学海洋与地球科学学院, 海洋地质全国重点实验室, 上海 200092

  • 收稿日期:2025-07-23 修回日期:2025-09-29 接受日期:2025-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 贾国东
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(42030504); 国家自然科学基金委员会共享航次计划项目(42249906)

The Composition Characteristics of Fatty Acids of the Surface Suspended Particulate Matter in the South China Sea and its Ecological Indications

LI Dongping, SHI Haolei, LUO Zhongyuan, CAO Jiantao, JIA Guodong   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2025-07-23 Revised:2025-09-29 Accepted:2025-10-09

PDF (PC)

赞

摘要： 脂肪酸是生物细胞膜的一类重要脂质成分，具有较强的生物指示意义，在生物地球化学研究中有很多潜在应用，但在南海海水颗粒物中的分布尚缺乏详细研究资料。本文对南海夏季表层悬浮颗粒物中的脂肪酸组成进行了详细分析，共检出30余种脂肪酸化合物。通过统计分析和已有知识把这些脂肪酸划分为新鲜浮游植物、浮游植物碎屑、细菌、浮游动物和陆源高等植物等五种不同来源。其中，新鲜浮游植物脂肪酸为不饱和脂肪酸，特别是多不饱和脂肪酸，从中可分辨出硅藻、甲藻和蓝细菌等不同来源。对这些脂肪酸在南海的空间分布进行了详细分析和解释，发现南海西南-西部的夏季上升流影响区域是新鲜浮游植物，特别是硅藻相对发育的区域，而处于东北部的高温高盐区域则以浮游植物碎屑贡献的短链饱和脂肪酸为主。浮游动物则分别对应于新鲜浮游植物和浮游植物碎屑呈现对应的高值。细菌脂肪酸与浮游植物不饱和脂肪酸大致呈反向分布样式，反映出生态系统的初级生产与呼吸降解之间的转换：在西南-西的方向上以初级生产为主导，而在中部和东南方向上微生物的呼吸作用相对增强。陆源的长链饱和脂肪酸占比很低，其分布呈现夏季海流驱动的样式，自西南向东北方向减少。本工作表明，脂肪酸作为分子生物标志物可有效指示南海表层水体颗粒物中不同生物源的输入情况，对于揭示海洋水体的宏观生态结构具有潜在的应用价值。

关键词: 脂肪酸, 生物标志物, 表层水悬浮颗粒物, 浮游生物, 南海。

Abstract: Fatty acids, key lipid components of membranes, hold significant value as bio-indicators and show great potential in biogeochemical research. However, their distribution in the particulate matter remains poorly understood in the South China Sea (SCS). This study offers a detailed analysis of fatty acids in surface suspended particulate matter of the SCS during summer, identifying over 30 fatty acid compounds. Based on statistical analysis and existing knowledge, these fatty acids are categorized into five sources: fresh phytoplankton, phytoplankton detritus, bacteria, zooplankton, and terrestrial higher plants. Fresh phytoplankton produces unsaturated fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which can be attibuted to diatoms, dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria. These fatty acids are relatively rich in the southwest and west areas of the SCS, affected by summer upwelling, indicating abundant fresh phytoplankton, particularly diatoms. In contrast, the northeastern area, with high temperature and salinity, is dominated by short-chain saturated fatty acids from phytoplankton detritus. Zooplankton levels are closely tied to those of fresh phytoplankton and phytoplankton detritus, respectively. Bacterial fatty acids show an inverse distribution to phytoplankton unsaturated fatty acids, reflecting a shift between primary production and decomposition in the ecosystem—primary production is dominant in the southwest and west, while microbial respiration is more active in the central and southeast areas. Terrestrial long-chain fatty acids are minimal and distributed in a summer current-driven pattern, decreasing from the southwest to the northeast. This study indicates that fatty acids, as effective molecular biomarkers, can effectively indicate the input of different biogenic sources into the SCS, and may help uncover the marine ecological structure in a large spatial scale.

Key words: Fatty acid, Biomarker, Sea surface suspended particulate matter, Plankton, South China Sea.