环境因子对污损生物沙筛贝(Mytilopsis sallei)幼体附着变态的影响研究

doi:10.11978/2024136

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 121-129.doi: 10.11978/2024136CSTR: 32234.14.2024136

环境因子对污损生物沙筛贝(Mytilopsis sallei)幼体附着变态的影响研究

代丽¹(), 潘铧康², 刘励阳², 何健², 赵科³, 祁剑飞⁴, 张真¹, 苏培²(), 冯丹青²

1.中国核电工程有限公司, 北京 100840
2.厦门大学海洋与地球学院, 福建厦门 361102
3.海南核电有限公司, 海南昌江 572733
4.福建省水产研究所, 福建厦门 361000

收稿日期:2024-06-13 修回日期:2024-07-23 出版日期:2025-05-10 发布日期:2025-06-04
通讯作者: 苏培
作者简介:
代丽(1991—), 女, 北京市人, 高级工程师, 博士, 从事核电冷源安全及污损生物防除研究。email: daili0504@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3106004); 福建省促进海洋与渔业产业高质量发展专项资助项目(FJHYF-L-2023-14); 福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资助项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2023-1-5); 中国核电工程有限公司资助项目(20223160A0857)

Effects of environmental factors on larval settlement and metamorphosis of the fouling organism Mytilopsis sallei

DAI Li¹(), PAN Huakang², LIU Liyang², HE Jian², ZHAO Ke³, QI Jianfei⁴, ZHANG Zhen¹, SU Pei²(), FENG Danqing²

1. China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100840, China
2. College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
3. Hainan Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Changjiang 572733, China
4. Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen 361000, China

Received:2024-06-13 Revised:2024-07-23 Online:2025-05-10 Published:2025-06-04
Contact: SU Pei
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3106004); High-quality Development of Marine and Fishery industry Project of Fujian(FJHYF-L-2023-14); Ocean Service and High-quality Development of Fishery Project of Fujian(FJHY-YYKJ-2023-1-5); The Project from China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd.(20223160A0857)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沙筛贝(Mytilopsis sallei)是我国南方一种重要的入侵污损生物, 常见于附着在养殖设施上, 造成渔业损失。本研究通过采用单因子控制试验, 分别检测了不同环境因子(温度、盐度、光照强度和溶解氧)对沙筛贝幼体附着变态的影响。沙筛贝幼体可在25~35℃下正常附着变态, 低温(10℃和15℃)明显抑制了其附着变态, 而高温(40℃)导致幼体全部死亡; 沙筛贝幼体适宜在较广盐度(15‰~30‰)下附着变态, 最适盐度为15‰; 适宜光强范围为0~5000lx, 超过10000lx的光强则会显著降低沙筛贝幼体的附着率和变态率; 沙筛贝幼体具备较强的耐低氧能力, 在40%~100%饱和氧浓度(3.2~8.0mg·L^-1)下均能正常附着变态, 但当溶解氧低于20%饱和氧浓度(1.6mg·L^-1)时, 则会抑制其附着变态。本研究揭示了沙筛贝幼体附着变态的适宜环境条件, 对预测其在可能分布扩散区域, 并防止其进一步扩张至我国其他海域对当地水产养殖业造成危害具有重要意义。

关键词: 沙筛贝, 污损生物, 入侵物种, 环境因子, 附着变态

Abstract:

The false mussel Mytilopsis sallei is an important invasive fouling organism in the south of China, which often attaches to aquaculture facilities and causes fishery losses. In this study, the ecological single-factor gradient test was used to test larval settlement and metamorphosis of M. sallei under different salinities, water temperatures, light intensities and dissolved oxygen concentrations. The results showed that M. sallei larvae could settle and metamorphose at temperatures between 25℃~35℃. Low temperatures (10℃ and 15℃) significantly inhibited larval settlement and metamorphosis, while high temperature (40℃) caused the death of larvae. M. sallei larvae could settle and metamorphose under a wide salinity range (15‰~30‰), with the optimal salinity of 15‰. The suitable light intensity was 0’5000 lx, but when light intensity was higher than 10000 lx, larval settlement and metamorphosis were significantly inhibited. M. sallei larvae had a strong resistance capacity to low dissolved oxygen concentration. The suitable dissolved oxygen concentration for its settlement and metamorphosis was 40%’100% of saturated oxygen concentration (3.2’8.0 mg·L^-1), but when the dissolved oxygen concentration was lower than 20% (1.6 mg·L^-1), larval settlement and metamorphosis were inhibited. This study revealed the suitable environmental conditions on larval settlement and metamorphosis of M. sallei, which is important for predicting its possible distribution in the coastal areas of China and preventing its invasion to other areas of China to cause aquaculture industry losses.

Key words: Mytilopsis sallei, marine fouling organism, invasive species, environmental factors, settlement and metamorphosis

中图分类号:

X714

代丽, 潘铧康, 刘励阳, 何健, 赵科, 祁剑飞, 张真, 苏培, 冯丹青. 环境因子对污损生物沙筛贝(Mytilopsis sallei)幼体附着变态的影响研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(3): 121-129.

DAI Li, PAN Huakang, LIU Liyang, HE Jian, ZHAO Ke, QI Jianfei, ZHANG Zhen, SU Pei, FENG Danqing. Effects of environmental factors on larval settlement and metamorphosis of the fouling organism Mytilopsis sallei[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(3): 121-129.

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环境因子对污损生物沙筛贝(Mytilopsis sallei)幼体附着变态的影响研究

Effects of environmental factors on larval settlement and metamorphosis of the fouling organism Mytilopsis sallei

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