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热带海洋学报

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红纤维虾形草（Phyllospadix iwatensis）种子形态及内部特征

韩通1,2，李晶晶1，刘正一2，刘凯3，张金浩4，秦松1,2*，钟志海2*   

  1. 1. 河海大学 海洋学院，江苏 南京 210098;

    2. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所，山东 烟台 264003；

    3. 东营市海洋发展和渔业局，山东 东营 257091;

    4. 烟台市海洋经济研究院，山东 烟台 264034

  • 收稿日期:2021-11-23 修回日期:2022-03-24 出版日期:2022-04-18 发布日期:2022-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 钟志海
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学青年基金项目(42006110)；烟台市科技计划项目(2020MSGY058)；山东省自然科学青年基金(ZR2019QD017)；山东省重点研发计划(国际科技合作) (2019GHZ026)；联合国粮食和农业组织“中国典型河口生物多样性保护修复和保护区网络化示范项目(GCP/CPR/045/GFF)；长岛生态渔业发展与海洋牧场修复技术研究(2019MSGY126)

The seed morphology and internal characteristics of seagrass, surfgrass Phyllospadix iwatensis

HAN Tong1,2, LI Jingjing1, LIU Zhengyi 2, LIU Kai3, Zhang Jinhao4, QIN Song 1,2*, ZHONG Zhihai2*   

  1. 1. College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, China;

    2. Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China;

    3. Dongying Municpal Bureau of Marine Development and Fisheries，Dongying 257091, Shandong, China;

    4. Yantai Institute of Marine Economic Research, Yantai 264034, Shandong, China;

  • Received:2021-11-23 Revised:2022-03-24 Online:2022-04-18 Published:2022-04-18
  • Contact: Zhi-hai ZHONG
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.42006110; Technology Innovation Development Program of Yantai, No.2020MSGY058; Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China, No.ZR2019QD017; Key R & D Projects in Shandong Province (International Scientific and Technical Cooperation), No.2019GHZ026; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations “Project Management Office of Demonstration of Estuarine Biodiversity Conservation, Restoration and Protected Area Networking in China”, No. GCP/CPR/045/GFF; Research on Changdao Ecological Fishery Development and Marine Ranching Restoration Technology, No. 2019MSGY126]

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摘要： 海草床可以为海洋动物提供产卵、索饵、繁育等场所。目前，海草床面积急剧下降，其中我国关于虾形草属（Phyllospadix）海草的研究相对较少，对于虾形草主要繁育载体种子的描述、显微观察和萌发过程方面存在较多空白。本研究以红纤维虾形草（Phyllospadix iwatensis）为研究对象，对其生长环境、种子外部特征、内部结构、萌发过程等进行了定性定量描述。结果表明，虾形草果实种子对于海洋环境有着外部形态与内部结构的适应性，外部形态特点包括独特的果序和果实形状，以及翅状结构和内侧鬃毛，其中果序呈弯虾形，平均长度3.4cm，果实呈马掌形，直径3-4 mm，内部结构特征包括胚乳占比大、果皮种皮解剖结构复杂等，具有作为海岸带植被修复工具种的优势。本研究补充了目前对虾形草等海洋沉水植物的种子方面深入研究的缺乏，对于虾形草海草种质库保护与海草床修复提供了有价值的建议和参考内容。

关键词: 海草, 红纤维虾形草, 果实, 种子, 形态学, 解剖结构

Abstract: The global seagrass bed ecosystems are facing multiple threats, including Phyllospadix (Zosteraceae) which is of great ecological importance and fishery value. And one of the seagrasses surfgrass, Phyllospadix is relatively rarely researched and not deeply enough. In particular, there are more research gaps in the description, micro-observation and germination process of the main breeding carrier, seeds of surfgrass, as well as in the identification of DNA molecules of them. In this study, Phyllospadix iwatensis was used as the research object to describe its growing environment, external characteristics of seeds, internal structure, germination process, etc. in both qualitative and quantitative way, and the results show that fruits and seeds of surfgrass have the adaptability on external form and internal structure to the marine environment, and have the advantage of being tool species for vegetation restoration in coastal zone. External morphological features include unique fruit inflorescence and fruit shape, as well as wing-like structure and medial mane, of which the fruit inflorescence is curved shrimp-shaped with an average length of 3.4 cm and the fruit is horseshoe-shaped with a diameter of 3-4 mm. The internal structural features include a large proportion of endosperm and complex anatomy of the peel and seed coat This study complements the lack of profound research on the seeds of marine submerged plants such as surfgrass, provides valuable suggestions and reference contents for the protection of surfgrass and other types of seagrass seed banks, as well as the restoration of seagrass beds, and also provides a basis for the practical application of surfgrass in seedling restoration.

Key words: seagrass, Phyllospadix iwatensis, fruit, seed, morphology, anatomy

中图分类号: 

  • Q178.53