风对南海波浪的能量输入及其长期变化

doi:10.11978/2015097

热带海洋学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 21-30.doi: 10.11978/2015097CSTR: 32234.14.2015097

风对南海波浪的能量输入及其长期变化

崔超然^{1, 5}, 管玉平^{1, 5, 6}, 朱耀华², 王辉³, 黄瑞新⁴

1. 热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州510301;
2. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋环境与数值模拟研究室, 山东青岛 266061;
3. 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081;
4. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA02543, USA;
5. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
6. 珠海区域气候-环境-生态预测预警协同创新中心, 广东珠海 519078;

收稿日期:2015-07-20 出版日期:2016-07-29 发布日期:2016-08-04
通讯作者: 管玉平, 研究员, 主要从事海洋环流与全球变化研究。E-mail: guan@scsio.ac.cn
作者简介:崔超然(1991—), 男, 山东省曹县人, 从事海洋能量研究。E-mail: crcui@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(91228202); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB956201)

Wind energy input and its secular change of surface waves in the South China Sea

CUI Chaoran^{1, 5}, GUAN Yuping^{1, 5, 6}, ZHU Yaohua², WANG Hui³, HUANG Ruixin⁴

1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Guangzhou 510301, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;
3. National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China;
4. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA02543, USA;
5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
6. Zhuhai Joint Innovative Center for Climate-Environment-Ecosystem, Zhuhai 519078, China;

Received:2015-07-20 Online:2016-07-29 Published:2016-08-04
Contact: GUAN Yuping. E-mail: guan@scsio.ac.cn
Supported by:
Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (91228202); the National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB956201)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用美国的全球海洋同化资料SODA(simple ocean data assimilation)2.2.4(1871—2008)中的风应力数据, 估算了风输入给南海波浪的能量。结果表明, 风向南海波浪输入能量的年均值约为0.2TW, 其空间分布冬季以南海北部为主, 夏季以南部为主且强度比冬季要弱得多; 风对南海波浪能量的输入一直呈减少趋势, 用欧洲中期天气预报中心的再分析资料ERA-40(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts re-analysis-40)(1957—2002)和ERA-20C(1900—2010)中的风场和海浪资料得到的趋势也是如此, 1950年以来每年减少0.43%。用ERA-interim(1979—2014)中的有效波高数据可以把风给风浪和涌浪的能量输入区分开, 两者的空间分布皆以南海北部为主, 而给风浪的能量输入在南海南部还有一个高值区。尽管风输入给涌浪的能量略有增加, 但给风浪的能量输入在不断减少, 两者之和仍是减少。究其原因, 控制南海的东亚季风最近几十年一直在减弱。这些结果对认识南海波浪未来的变化及其预报具有意义。

关键词: 海浪, 南海, 风能, 东亚季风

Abstract: The energy of winds into surface waves in the South China Sea during 1871-2008 was estimated by using the ocean reanalysis data of SODA (simple ocean data assimilation) 2.2.4 (1871-2008). The results showed that the annual wind energy input is about 0.2 TW, and that the spatial pattern of this kind of input is mainly located in the northern parts of the South China Sea during winter and in the southern parts in summer; and the intensity of summer input is much weaker than that of winter. Similar results were obtained by using the ERA-40 (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts re-analysis-40) (1957-2002) and ERA-20C (1900-2010) data sets. The secular trend of wind energy input into waves was reduced at the rate of 0.43% per year since 1950. We also studied the swells and wind waves, which are two categories of the waves, by using the ERA-interim data. The spatial pattern of wind energy input into the swells and wind waves is mainly located in the northern parts of the South China Sea, but there is also a high wind energy input into the wind waves area in the southern parts of the South China Sea. The secular trend of the wind energy input into swells was increasing, and the same trend of wind energy input into the wind waves was reducing; the total energy input was also reducing by the joint effect of swells and wind waves. All of this was thanks to the weakening East Asian monsoon, which dominated in the South China Sea, in recent decades. These results are significant for understanding the variation of the surface waves in the South China Sea.

Key words: ocean wave, South China Sea, wind power, East Asian monsoon

中图分类号:

P732.6

崔超然, 管玉平, 朱耀华, 王辉, 黄瑞新. 风对南海波浪的能量输入及其长期变化[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2016, 35(4): 21-30.

CUI Chaoran, GUAN Yuping, ZHU Yaohua, WANG Hui, HUANG Ruixin. Wind energy input and its secular change of surface waves in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(4): 21-30.

参考文献

[1] 郭佩芳, 施平, 王华, 等, 1997. 划分风浪与涌浪的一个新判据——海浪成份及其在南海的应用[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报, 27(2): 131-137. GUO PEIFANG, SHI PING, WANG HUA, et al, 1997. A new criterion between wind wave and swell wave—by mixed wave composition factors and its application to the south china sea[J]. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 27(2): 131-137 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[2] 贺圣平, 王会军, 2012. 东亚冬季风综合指数及其表达的东亚冬季风年际变化特征[J]. 大气科学, 36(3): 523-538. HE SHENGPING, WANG HUIJUN, 2012. An integrated East Asian winter monsoon index and its interannual variability[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 36(3): 523-538 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[3] 李金洪, 1988. 混合浪波高分布[J]. 海洋学报, 10(4): 408-418.
[4] 凌征, 金宝刚, 崔红, 等, 2012. 热带气旋对南海表层流和波浪的能量输入[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 42(7-8): 10-18. LING ZHENG, JIN BAOGANG, CUI HONG, et al, 2012. Evaluation of the wind energy input to the surface Currents and waves induced by the tropical cyclones in the South China Sea[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 42(7-8): 10-18 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[5] 齐义泉, 施平, 毛庆文, 等, 2003. 基于T/P资料分析南海海面风、浪场特征及其关系[J]. 水动力学研究与进展, 18(5): 619-624. QI YIQUAN, SHI PING, MAO QINGWEN, et al, 2003. Relationship and characteristic of the sea surface wind and wave fields over the south china sea derived from T/P altimeter[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 18(5): 619-624 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[6] 裘沙怡, 梁楚进, 董昌明, 等, 2013. 南海海面风、浪场时空变化特征及其关系分析[J]. 海洋学研究, 31(4): 1-9. QIU SHAYI, LIANG CHUJIN, DONG CHANGMING, et al, 2013. Analysis of the temporal and spatial variations in the wind and wave over the south china sea[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 31(4): 1-9 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[7] 王会军, 范可, 2013. 东亚季风近几十年来的主要变化特征[J]. 大气科学, 37(2): 313-318. WANG HUIJUN, FAN KE, 2013. Recent changes in the east Asian monsoon[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 37(2): 313-318 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[8] 吴克俭, 杨忠良, 刘斌, 等, 2008. 波浪对Ekman层的能量输入[J]. 中国科学 D辑: 地球科学, 38(1): 134-140. WU KEJIAN, YANG ZHONGLIANG, LIU BIN, et al, 2008. Wave energy input into the Ekman layer[J]. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 51(1): 134-141 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] 杨忠良, 2007. 波浪对南中国海Ekman层风能输入的影响[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学. YANG ZHONGLIANG, 2007. Wave influences on wind energy input into the Ekman layer in the South China Sea[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China (in Chinese).
[10] 张连新, 2011. 风浪条件及飞沫对海气热通量的影响的研究[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学. ZHANG LIANGXIN, 2011. Effects of sea spray and wind sea conditions on air-sea heat flux[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China (in Chinese).
[11] 郑崇伟, 林刚, 孙岩, 等, 2012. 近22年南海波浪能资源模拟研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 31(6): 13-19. ZHENG CHONGWEI, LIN GANG, SUN YAN, et al, 2012. Simulation of wave energy resources in the south china sea during the past 22 years[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 31(6): 13-19 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12] 庄晓宵, 林一骅, 2014. 全球海洋海浪要素季节变化研究[J]. 大气科学, 38(2): 251-260. ZHUANG XIAOXIAO, LIN YIHUA, 2014. Seasonal variation of global ocean wave[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 38(2): 251-260 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[13] 宗芳伊, 2014. 近20年南海波浪及波浪能分布、变化研究[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学. ZONG FANGYI, 2014. Research on distributions and variations of sea wave and wave energy in south china sea during recent 20 years[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China (in Chinese).
[14] CARDONE V J, GREENWOOD J G, CANE M A, 1990. On trends in historical marine wind data[J]. Journal of Climate, 3(1): 113-127.
[15] CARTON J A, GIESE B S, GRODSKY S A, 2005. Sea level rise and the warming of the oceans in the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) ocean reanalysis[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110(C9): C09006.
[16] CARTON J A, GIESE B S, 2008. A reanalysis of ocean climate using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA)[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 136(8): 2999-3017.
[17] DU YAN, QU TANGDONG, 2010. Three inflow pathways of the Indonesian throughflow as seen from the simple ocean data assimilation[J]. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 50(2): 233-256.
[18] FANG GUOHONG, CHEN HAIYING, WEI ZEXUN, et al, 2006. Trends and interannual variability of the South China Sea surface winds, surface height, and surface temperature in the recent decade[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111(C11): C11S16.
[19] GIESE B S, RAY S, 2011. El Niño variability in simple ocean data assimilation (SODA), 1871-2008[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116(C2): C02024.
[20] HUANG QIAN, GUAN YUPING, 2012. Does the Asian monsoon modulate tropical cyclone activity over the South China Sea?[J]. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 30(6): 960-965.
[21] LIU LINGLING, WANG WEI, HUANG RUIXIN, 2008. The mechanical energy input to the ocean induced by tropical cyclones[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 38(6): 1253-1266.
[22] LIU GUOQIANG, HE YIJUN, ZHANG YUANZHI, et al, 2012. Estimation of global wind energy input to the surface waves based on the scatterometer[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 9(6): 1017-1020.
[23] MORIMOTO A, YOSHIMOTO K, YANAGI T, 2000. Characteristics of sea surface circulation and eddy field in the South China Sea revealed by satellite altimetric data[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 56(3): 331-334.
[24] SHAW P T, CHAO S-Y, FU L-L, 1998. Sea surface height variations in the South China Sea from satellite altimetry[J]. Oceanologica Acta, 22(1): 1-17.
[25] TENG YONG, YANG YONGZENG, QIAO FANGLI, et al, 2009. Energy budget of surface waves in the global ocean[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 28(3): 5-10.
[26] TOURNADRE J, 2014. Anthropogenic pressure on the open ocean: The growth of ship traffic revealed by altimeter data analysis[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(22): 7924-7932.
[27] VARGAS-HERNANDEZ J M, WIJFFELS S, MEYERS G, et al, 2014. Evaluating SODA for Indo-Pacific Ocean decadal climate variability studies[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(11): 7854-7868.
[28] WANG HUIJUN, 2001. The weakening of the Asian monsoon circulation after the End of 1970’s[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 18(3): 376-386.
[29] WANG HUIJUN, 2002. The instability of the East Asian Summer Monsoom-ENSO relations[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 19(1): 1-11.
[30] WANG WEI, HUANG RUIXIN, 2004. Wind energy input to the surface waves[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2004, 34(5): 1276-1280.
[31] WANG BIN, HUANG FEI, WU ZHIWEI, et al, 2009. Multi-scale climate variability of the South China Sea monsoon: A review[J]. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 47(1-3): 15-37.
[32] XIE SHANGPING, XIE QIANG, WANG DONGXIAO, et al, 2003. Summer upwelling in the South China Sea and its role in regional climate variations[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(C8): 3261.
[33] YANG HAIYUAN, WU LIXIN, 2012. Trends of upper-layer circulation in the South China Sea during 1959-2008[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117(C8): C08037.
[34] ZHAI XIAOMING, JOHNSON H L, MARSHALL D P, et al, 2012. On the wind power input to the ocean general circulation[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 42(8): 1357-1365.

风对南海波浪的能量输入及其长期变化

Wind energy input and its secular change of surface waves in the South China Sea

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	徐超, 龙丽娟, 李莎, 袁丽, 徐晓璐. 南海及其附属岛礁海洋科学考察历史资料系统整编3. 数据共享服务及应用[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(5): 158-165.
[2]	徐超, 龙丽娟, 李莎, 何云开, 袁丽, 徐晓璐. 南海及其附属岛礁海洋科学考察历史资料系统整编1. 资料整编技术及应用[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(5): 143-149.
[3]	徐超, 龙丽娟, 李莎, 徐晓璐, 袁丽. 南海及其附属岛礁海洋科学考察历史资料系统整编2. 数据治理技术与应用[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(5): 150-157.
[4]	柳原, 柯志新, 李开枝, 谭烨辉, 梁竣策, 周伟华. 人类活动和沿岸流影响下的粤东近海浮游动物群落特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(4): 98-111.
[5]	刘玓玓, 张喜洋, 孙富林, 王明壮, 谭飞, 施祺, 王冠, 杨红强. 南海海滩岩微生物群落结构和特定菌株对其成因机制的启示*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(4): 112-122.
[6]	江绿苗, 陈天然, 赵宽, 张婷, 许莉佳. 南海北部涠洲岛边缘珊瑚礁的生物侵蚀实验研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(3): 155-165.
[7]	许莉佳, 廖芝衡, 陈辉, 王永智, 黄柏强, 林巧云, 甘健锋, 杨静. 南海北部珊瑚群落结构特征及其对海洋热浪事件的响应[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(3): 58-71.
[8]	邱燕, 鞠东, 黄文凯, 王英民, 聂鑫. 南海中央海盆海底初始扩张时间的重新认定[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(2): 154-165.
[9]	赵明辉, 袁野, 张佳政, 张翠梅, 高金尉, 王强, 孙珍, 程锦辉. 南海北部被动陆缘洋陆转换带张裂-破裂研究新进展[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(2): 173-183.
[10]	黄谕, 王琳, 麦志茂, 李洁, 张偲. 南海热带岛礁生物土壤结皮中细菌的分离及其固砂特性初步研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(6): 101-110.
[11]	王辰燕, 史敬文, 颜安南, 康亚茹, 王煜轩, 覃素丽, 韩民伟, 张瑞杰, 余克服. 有机磷酸酯在南海长棘海星中的生物富集特征及来源解析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(5): 30-37.
[12]	李牛, 邸鹏飞, 冯东, 陈多福. 冷泉渗漏对海洋沉积物氧化还原环境地球化学识别的影响——以南海东北部F站位活动冷泉为例^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(5): 144-153.
[13]	徐庆跃, 潘远超, 马浩翔, 李长征, 刘炜灏, 薛亮, 韩昌报, 杨阳. 用于收集岸基海浪能的弹簧辅助摩擦纳米发电机^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(4): 176-183.
[14]	张智晟, 谢玲玲, 李君益, 李强. 边缘海与开阔海中尺度涡生命周期演化规律对比分析: 以南海和黑潮延伸体为例[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(4): 63-76.
[15]	杨磊, 温金辉, 王强, 罗希, 黄华明, 何云开, 陈举. 热带气旋影响吕宋海峡输运的研究进展与展望^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(3): 40-51.