有机磷酸酯在南海长棘海星中的生物富集特征及来源解析

doi:10.11978/2022223

热带海洋学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 30-37.doi: 10.11978/2022223CSTR: 32234.14.2022223

有机磷酸酯在南海长棘海星中的生物富集特征及来源解析

王辰燕¹(), 史敬文¹, 颜安南¹, 康亚茹¹, 王煜轩¹, 覃素丽¹, 韩民伟¹, 张瑞杰¹^,²^,³(), 余克服¹^,²^,³

1. 广西大学海洋学院, 广西南宁 530004
2. 广西大学珊瑚礁研究中心, 广西南宁 530004
3. 广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室, 广西南宁 530004

收稿日期:2022-10-19 修回日期:2022-12-16 出版日期:2023-09-10 发布日期:2022-12-19
作者简介:
王辰燕(1999—), 女, 广西壮族自治区北海市人, 本科, 研究方向为海洋科学。email: 3237063353@qq.com
基金资助:
广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFDA297005); 广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室自主课题项目(GXLSCRSCS2021101); 广西大学创新创业训练计划项目(202210593887); 国家自然科学基金项目(42030502); 国家自然科学基金项目(42090041)

Bioaccumulation characteristics and source apportionment of organophosphate esters in Acanthaster planci from the South China Sea

WANG Chenyan¹(), SHI Jingwen¹, YAN Annan¹, KANG Yaru¹, WANG Yuxuan¹, QIN Suli¹, HAN Minwei¹, ZHANG Ruijie¹^,²^,³(), YU Kefu¹^,²^,³

1. School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2. Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
3. Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China

Received:2022-10-19 Revised:2022-12-16 Online:2023-09-10 Published:2022-12-19
Supported by:
Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2020GXNSFDA297005); Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea Independent Project(GXLSCRSCS2021101); Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Guangxi University(202210593887); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42030502); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42090041)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有机磷酸酯(organophosphate esters, OPEs)是环境中一类新型有机污染物, 其在南海水体和生物中普遍存在。有关南海长棘海星中OPEs的富集特征尚缺乏研究。因此, 文章使用气相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱仪(gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, GC-MS/MS)对南海珊瑚礁区长棘海星中11种典型OPEs的生物富集特征及来源进行了分析。结果表明, 氯代OPEs普遍存在于长棘海星组织中, 占11种OPEs总含量(∑₁₁OPEs)的95%~98%; 长棘海星中∑₁₁OPEs (干重)存在明显的组织间差异, 幽门盲囊(60.2~1130ng·g^-1)和胃(68.2~1181ng·g^-1)显著大于表皮(9.31~569ng·g^-1)(p<0.05), 幽门盲囊和胃在长棘海星积累OPEs时起着重要作用; 长棘海星组织对磷酸三(1,3-二氯-2-丙基)酯(TDCIPP)的生物富集能力较强, 即TDCIPP在长棘海星组织中的生物富集因子BAFs大于5000L·kg^-1; 磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(TCEP)、磷酸三(1-氯-2-丙基)酯(TCIPP)、TDCIPP和磷酸三正丁酯(TNBP)在从珊瑚向长棘海星传递过程中表现出了生物放大效应, 即长棘海星可以通过捕食珊瑚富集这4种OPEs; 源解析表明, 南海长棘海星体内OPEs可能主要来源于南海渔业活动、岛礁建筑和周边国家废弃物的释放, 少部分可能来自船舶运输过程的释放。

关键词: 有机磷酸酯, 南海, 长棘海星, 生物富集, 来源解析

Abstract:

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) is a new type of organic pollutants in the environment, which are ubiquitous in seawater and organisms in the South China Sea. However, the bioaccumulation characteristics of OPEs in the Acanthaster planci of the South China Sea have not been studied. Therefore, in this study, gas chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the bioaccumulation characteristics and sources of 11 typical OPEs in the Acanthaster planci in coral reef regions of the South China Sea. The results showed that chlorinated OPEs were ubiquitous in the tissues of Acanthaster planci, accounting for 95% ~ 98% of the total concentrations of 11 OPEs (∑₁₁OPEs). ∑₁₁OPEs (dry weight) in Acanthaster planci showed significant differences among tissues, and ∑₁₁OPEs in the pyloric caecum (60.2 ~ 1130 ng·g^-1) and stomach (68.2 ~ 1181 ng·g^-1) were significantly higher than those in the epidermis (9.31 ~ 569 ng·g^-1) (p < 0.05), pyloric caecum and stomach played an important role in the accumulation of OPEs in the Acanthaster planci. Tri (1,3-dichloro-2-isopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) showed strong bioaccumulation ability in the tissues of Acanthaster planci (The bioconcentration factor BAFs of TDCIPP in the Acanthaster planci exceeds 5000 L·kg^-1). Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP), TDCIPP, and Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP) showed a biomagnification effect in the Acanthaster planci, indicating that these four OPEs can be accumulated by feeding on coral. OPEs in the Acanthaster planci of the South China Sea may mainly come from the release of fishery activities, island and reef buildings, and domestic wastes from surrounding countries, and a small part may come from the release of ship transportation.

Key words: organophosphate esters, South China Sea, Acanthaster planci, bioaccumulation, source apportionment

王辰燕, 史敬文, 颜安南, 康亚茹, 王煜轩, 覃素丽, 韩民伟, 张瑞杰, 余克服. 有机磷酸酯在南海长棘海星中的生物富集特征及来源解析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(5): 30-37.

WANG Chenyan, SHI Jingwen, YAN Annan, KANG Yaru, WANG Yuxuan, QIN Suli, HAN Minwei, ZHANG Ruijie, YU Kefu. Bioaccumulation characteristics and source apportionment of organophosphate esters in Acanthaster planci from the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 30-37.

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OPEs	幽门盲囊(n=16)				胃(n=17)				表皮(n=24)
OPEs	检出率/%	范围	平均值± 标准差	中位数	检出率/%	范围	平均值± 标准差	中位数	检出率/%	范围	平均值± 标准差	中位数
TCEP	100	14.6~532	124±150	67.3	100	4.68~153	37.2±41.2	20.2	100	3.32~61.4	17.4±15.3	11.4
TCIPP	100	2.87~552	138±148	87.5	100	6.22~485	78.2±107	45.5	100	5.07~115	33.1±28.9	22.7
TDCIPP	81	nd~319	75.3±105	34.6	88	nd~1086	421±353	397	100	0.19~486	115±147	39.2
TIBP	100	0.50~11.3	4.61±2.65	4.70	82	nd ~5.54	1.74±1.63	1.13	88	nd~2.60	1.11±0.76	1.13
TNBP	88	nd~35.7	15.0±10.2	12.8	76	nd ~4.82	1.45±1.39	1.28	79	nd~2.95	0.92±0.78	0.85
TPTP	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd	8	nd~0.57	0.04±0.13	nd
THP	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd
TBOEP	13	nd ~5.33	0.46±1.35	nd	18	nd~50.9	4.69±12.6	nd	17	nd~6.73	0.88±2.00	nd
TPHP	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd
TEHP	13	nd~0.40	0.03±0.10	nd	12	nd~2.08	0.24±0.67	nd	8	nd~1.47	0.12±0.39	nd
TMPP	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd
∑₁₁OPEs		60.2~1130	357±298	262		68.2~1181	544±409	487		9.31~569	169±161	97.0

OPEs	珊瑚组织(n=9)				海水(n=2)
OPEs	检出率/%	范围	平均值±标准差	中位数	检出率/%	范围	平均值±标准差	中位数
TCEP	22	nd ~96.5	11.9±30.1	nd	100	1.78~2.60	2.19±0.41	2.19
TCIPP	33	nd ~278	66.9±105	nd	100	2.45~5.61	4.03±1.58	4.03
TDCIPP	11	nd~166	18.5±52.2	nd	100	0.20~0.26	0.23±0.03	0.23
TIBP	78	nd ~87.0	20.6±25.3	19.0	100	0.08~0.21	0.15±0.06	0.15
TNBP	11	nd~4.86	0.54±1.53	nd	100	0.50~0.68	0.59±0.09	0.59
TPTP	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd
THP	0	nd	nd	nd	0	nd	nd	nd
TBOEP	0	nd	nd	nd	100	0.18~2.38	1.28±1.10	1.28
TPHP	11	nd~4.73	0.53±1.49	nd	100	5.16~8.42	6.79±1.63	6.79
TEHP	11	nd~2.97	0.33±0.93	nd	100	0.05~0.08	0.06±0.02	0.06
TMPP	0	nd	nd	nd	100	0.09~0.27	0.18±0.09	0.18
∑₁₁OPEs		nd~461	119±163	19.8		15.0~16.0	15.5±0.45	15.5

有机磷酸酯在南海长棘海星中的生物富集特征及来源解析

Bioaccumulation characteristics and source apportionment of organophosphate esters in Acanthaster planci from the South China Sea

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