南海南沙海槽深部热状态及其构造意义

doi:10.11978/2020074

热带海洋学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 98-109.doi: 10.11978/2020074CSTR: 32234.14.2020074

南海南沙海槽深部热状态及其构造意义

任自强^1,³(), 施小斌^1,²(), 王晓芳^1,², 赵鹏^1,³, 谌永强^1,³

1.中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室, 南海海洋研究所, 南海生态环境工程创新研究院, 广东广州 510301
2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458
3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-07-21 修回日期:2020-09-01 出版日期:2021-07-10 发布日期:2020-09-21
通讯作者: 施小斌
作者简介:任自强(1993—), 男, 安徽濉溪人, 海洋地质专业博士研究生, 主要从事地热地质研究。email: zqren@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41776078);国家自然科学基金项目(42076075);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0104)

Deep thermal state in the Nansha Trough of South China Sea and its tectonic implications

REN Ziqiang^1,³(), SHI Xiaobin^1,²(), WANG Xiaofang^1,², ZHAO Peng^1,³, SHEN Yongqiang^1,³

1. Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-07-21 Revised:2020-09-01 Online:2021-07-10 Published:2020-09-21
Contact: SHI Xiaobin
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41776078);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42076075);Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)(GML2019ZD0104)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

南沙海槽是古南海俯冲消亡、南沙地块与婆罗洲碰撞的关键区域, 其构造演化史记录了南海前世今生的重要信息。为深入认识对其构造变形有重要影响的南沙海槽深部热状态, 本文首先利用热传输方程分析了滑坡体快速堆积的热披覆效应对海槽底部深水区海底观测热流的影响, 然后利用磁异常的频谱分析技术获取南沙海槽及其邻区的居里面深度。结果表明, 受沉积物快速堆积的影响, 南沙海槽底部深水区文莱滑坡范围内现今海底热流测量值仅为深部背景热流的60%~77%, 推测该区深部背景热流约为77~98mW·m^-2; 南沙海槽内居里面深度一般小于16km, 比位于其北侧的南沙岛礁区居里面深度(18~24km)小。现今南沙海槽区深部具有较高的背景热流, 该区较高的热状态与其地壳强烈减薄特征对应, 是华南陆缘裂陷和南海形成演化的结果。

关键词: 热流, 热状态, 居里面, 南沙海槽, 南沙地块

Abstract:

The Nansha Trough is a key region where the Proto-South China Sea subducted southward below the Borneo, and the Nansha Block collided with Borneo. Its tectonic evolution contains important evolutional information of previous and present South China Sea region. To further understand the deep thermal state in the Nansha Trough, which has a great effect on its tectonic deformation, with a numerical model of the thermal diffusion equation, we first analyzed the thermal blanketing effect of rapid accumulation of sediment on observed heat flow in the deep-water region of the Nansha Trough, and then calculated the Curie depths in the study area with a magnetic spectrum analysis technique. The results show that due to the thermal blanketing of rapid accumulation of the Brunei Landslide, the observed seafloor heat flow is just 60%~77% of the deep background heat flow in the deep-water region, which is about 77~98 mW·m^-2. The Curie depth in the trough region is generally less than 16 km, which is smaller than the Curie depth (18~24 km) in the Nansha Islands and Reefs. Further analyses show that the trough region is of high background heat flow, and the high thermal state in the study area is in accord with its greatly thinned crustal thickness, which is the result of continental rifting of the southern margin of South China, and the evolution of the South China Sea.

Key words: heat flow, thermal state, Curie depth, Nansha Trough, Nansha Block

中图分类号:

P738.6

任自强, 施小斌, 王晓芳, 赵鹏, 谌永强. 南海南沙海槽深部热状态及其构造意义[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2021, 40(4): 98-109.

REN Ziqiang, SHI Xiaobin, WANG Xiaofang, ZHAO Peng, SHEN Yongqiang. Deep thermal state in the Nansha Trough of South China Sea and its tectonic implications[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021, 40(4): 98-109.

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站位	纬度	经度	水深/m	地温梯度/(℃·km^-1)	热导率¹ /(μW·m^-3)	热导率² /(μW·m^-3)	热流¹ /(mW·m^-2)	热流² /(mW·m^-2)
A176	6°34′54″N	113°50′30″E	2350	92	0.707	0.85	65	78
A177	6°46′18″N	114°15′18″E	2863	80	0.700	0.85	56	68
A178	6°58′18″N	114°39′42″E	2882	92	0.696	0.85	64	78
A179	7°7′42″N	115°7′E	2844	83	0.699	0.85	58	71
C182	6°N	114°1′E	2305	30	0.909	×	27	×
C183	7°27′N	114°32′60″E	1476	×	×	×	14	×

参数	取值
参数	水	砂质沉积物骨架
密度/(kg·m^-3)	1030^*	2650^*
比热/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	4183^*	1088^*
热导率/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	0.67	4.18^*
初始孔隙度	×	0.63^#
压实因子/m^-1	×	0.51×10^-3#

参数	值
沉积层生热率	1.21µW·m^-3＆
沉积层热导率	1.3W·m^-1·K^-1†或1.7W·m^-1·K^-1‡
上地壳生热率	1.8µW·m^-3#
上地壳热导率	λ^-1=0.33+0.33×10^-3T^*
下地壳生热率	0.5µW·m^-3#
下地壳热导率	λ^-1=0.41+0.29×10^-3T^*
地幔热导率	3.4W·m^-1·K^-1

南海南沙海槽深部热状态及其构造意义

Deep thermal state in the Nansha Trough of South China Sea and its tectonic implications

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