热带海洋学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 77-84.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2011.04.077cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2011.04.077

• 海洋资源开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

珠江口滨海湿地退化现状、原因及保护对策

李团结 1, 2,  马玉 2,  王迪 2,  王爱军 3,  周英 2   

  1. 1.  中国地质地质大学(武汉)资源学院,  湖北  武汉 430074; 2.  国家海洋局南海工程勘察中心,  广东  广州 510300; 
    3.  国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋与海岸地质环境开放实验室,  福建  厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2010-06-04 修回日期:2010-10-11 出版日期:2011-09-05 发布日期:2011-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 李团结(1975—), 男, 湖南省祁阳县人, 工程师, 博士生, 海洋地质、环境地质研究。E-mail: ltj1005@126.com
  • 作者简介:李团结(1975—), 男, 湖南省祁阳县人, 工程师, 博士生, 海洋地质、环境地质研究。E-mail: ltj1005@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国近海海洋综合调查与评价项目-海洋地质灾害调查(908-01-ZH2);中国近海海洋综合调查与评价项目-广东省海岸带(港址)
    综合调查(GD908-01-1)

Status, degradation causes, and protection measures of the Pearl River Estuary
seashore wetland

LI Tuan-jie1,2, MA Yu2, WANG Di2, WANG Ai-jun3, ZHOU Ying2   

  1. 1. China University of Geosciences, Faculty of Earth Resources, Wuhan  430074, China;  2. South China Sea Marine Engineering
    Surveying Center, South China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou  510300, China; 3. China Open Laboratory of
    Ocean & Coast Environmental Geology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
     
  • Received:2010-06-04 Revised:2010-10-11 Online:2011-09-05 Published:2011-09-08

摘要:

2007 年和 2008 年秋季对珠江口滨海湿地进行了环境现状综合调查,  结果表明,  珠江口滨海湿地退化主要表
现在 4 个方面:  天然湿地面积减少、湿地生产力不断下降、湿地环境状况持续恶化和湿地景观破碎化。珠江口滨
海湿地退化的原因主要为滩涂开发与围填海、污染物排放、养殖污染、海平面上升、过度捕捞、海砂开采和港口
码头建设以及水土资源开发等因素。滨海湿地保护与利用对策主要有:  制定有关滨海湿地保护的法律法规和湿地
保护与利用规划;  加强人才队伍建设和滨海湿地有关技术研究;  建立滨海湿地动态监测体系;  加大滨海湿地保护
区建设的力度;  加强宣传和教育

关键词: 珠江口, 滨海湿地,  , 湿地退化现状,  , 湿地退化原因, 湿地退化对策

Abstract:

Comprehensive survey results on the environment state of seashore wetland in the Pearl River Estuary in 2007 and
2008 show that seashore wetland degradation mainly includes four aspects: area reduction of natural wetland, declining pro-
ductivity of wetland, continuing deterioration of wetland environment, and wetland landscape fragmentation. Degradation
causes of the Pearl River Estuary seashore wetland mainly consist of beach development and  reclamation, emissions, hus-
bandry, sea-level rise, overfishing, sea sand exploitation, port construction, and water resource development, among others. It
is imperative to take protective measures. In this paper, seven measures are present, including strengthening relevant laws and
regulations to protect seashore wetland, implementing strategy of sustainable development, making medium-long term layout,
cultivating personnel through training improving research and technology, building measuring system, setting up more protec-
tion areas, and increasing education of the mass. All these provide an important basis for the development, utilization, and
protection of the Pearl River Estuary seashore wetland.

Key words:  Pearl River Estuary, seashore wetland, degradation status, degradation causes, degradation implementing strategy