珠江口洪季最大浑浊带的大小潮变化与机制分析*

doi:10.11978/2019035

热带海洋学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 20-35.doi: 10.11978/2019035CSTR: 32234.14.2019035

珠江口洪季最大浑浊带的大小潮变化与机制分析^*

严冬^1,^2,⁴, 宋德海^1,³(), 鲍献文^1,^2,³

1. 中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室, 山东青岛 266100
2. 中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院, 山东青岛 266100
3. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋动力过程与气候功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237

收稿日期:2019-04-08 修回日期:2019-05-15 出版日期:2020-01-20 发布日期:2020-01-09
通讯作者: 宋德海
作者简介:严冬(1994—), 男, 江苏省南通市人, 硕士, 研究方向: 近海环流与物质输运。E-mail: yandong1994@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41876088);国家自然科学基金项目(41406097);国家自然科学基金项目(41476030)

Spring-neap tidal variation and mechanism analysis of the maximum turbidity in the Pearl River Estuary during flood season

YAN Dong^1,^2,⁴, SONG Dehai^1,³(), BAO Xianwen^1,^2,³

1. Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
2. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
3. Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China

Received:2019-04-08 Revised:2019-05-15 Online:2020-01-20 Published:2020-01-09
Contact: Dehai SONG
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876088);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41406097);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41476030)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于ROMS三维模型, 模拟了珠江口洪季最大浑浊带的轴、侧向分布和大、小潮变化。模拟结果表明, 珠江口伶仃洋最大浑浊带的轴向位置在22.3°—22.45°N之间, 并随着潮流变化而周期性上下游迁移。控制最大浑浊带形成的主要因素是余流作用下的底层泥沙辐聚, 决定最大浑浊带位置的主要因素是水平对流输沙, 泥沙来源主要是上游浅滩沉积物的再悬浮。小潮期间堆积在浅滩的细颗粒沉积物在大潮期间被悬浮, 搬运到下游的滞流点位置, 在中滩南部和西滩外缘落淤。“潮泵”作用在大潮期间将泥沙向下游输运, 在小潮期间向上游输运; 垂向剪切作用则有利于悬浮泥沙的陆向输运; 二者共同作用产生泥沙辐聚, 形成最大浑浊带。大、小潮期间余流结构差异不大, 主要由密度差和潮汐混合不对称共同导致, 其中前者贡献更大。

关键词: 珠江口, 最大浑浊带, 大小潮变化, 泥沙输运, 侧向环流, 机制分析

Abstract:

The spring-neap tidal variation of the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) is studied, using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The longitudinal and lateral distribution of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) shows that the ETM is located between 22.3°-22.45°N and varies with flood and ebb tides. The main mechanism on the ETM formation is the bottom convergence generated by residual current. The location of the ETM is determined by horizontal advection. The sediment source is resuspended sediment on the shoal during spring tides. The fine sediment deposited on the shoal during neap tides is resuspended and transported downstream to the stagnation point during spring tides, and then trapped on the west shoal. The tidal pumping effect can transport suspended sediment seaward (landward) during spring (neap) tides, while the vertical shear always transports suspended sediment landward, both leading to the convergence of sediment in the ETM. The decomposition of residual current shows that the bottom landward residual flow is mainly induced by density difference, followed by asymmetric tidal-mixing. Moreover, there is little difference in residual currents between spring and neap tides.

Key words: Pearl River Estuary, estuarine turbidity maximum, spring-neap tidal variation, sediment transport, lateral circulation, mechanism analysis

中图分类号:

P731.21

严冬, 宋德海, 鲍献文. 珠江口洪季最大浑浊带的大小潮变化与机制分析^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2020, 39(1): 20-35.

YAN Dong, SONG Dehai, BAO Xianwen. Spring-neap tidal variation and mechanism analysis of the maximum turbidity in the Pearl River Estuary during flood season[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2020, 39(1): 20-35.

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月份	径流量/亿m³								输沙量/万t
月份	虎门	蕉门	洪奇门	横门	磨刀门	鸡啼门	虎跳门	崖门	虎门	蕉门	洪奇门	横门	磨刀门	鸡啼门	虎跳门	崖门
1月	29.41	10.96	9.61	11.98	20.52	2.34	3.24	3.94	4.47	3.52	2.75	3.63	5.61	0.83	0.89	0.93
2月	39.26	18.83	13.73	13.46	23.06	2.62	3.64	4.43	12.90	12.69	6.20	1.54	2.38	0.35	0.38	0.40
3月	61.77	32.58	21.10	16.48	28.24	3.21	4.46	5.43	59.48	90.60	42.53	5.66	8.76	1.30	1.39	1.46
4月	91.62	51.91	35.04	29.90	51.20	5.83	8.08	9.84	132.92	161.64	84.72	37.52	58.02	8.62	9.21	9.66
5月	94.76	55.84	42.53	44.58	76.35	8.69	12.06	14.67	122.46	180.75	108.19	83.68	129.42	19.22	20.54	21.55
6月	131.63	75.63	65.23	79.93	136.91	15.58	21.62	26.31	188.49	244.94	209.87	309.58	478.78	71.12	76.00	79.72
7月	104.32	57.06	66.66	105.06	179.94	20.48	28.41	34.58	105.48	137.23	223.73	502.64	777.35	115.47	123.40	129.43
8月	100.37	41.95	48.06	74.79	128.10	14.58	20.23	24.62	98.28	63.12	105.01	237.73	367.66	54.61	58.36	61.22
9月	69.29	27.74	28.39	40.76	69.82	7.95	11.02	13.42	53.13	26.46	35.23	72.40	111.97	16.63	17.77	18.64
10月	42.63	18.66	19.90	29.47	50.48	5.75	7.97	9.70	22.57	26.46	24.64	39.56	61.17	9.09	9.71	10.19
11月	30.71	12.27	12.70	18.39	31.50	3.59	4.97	6.05	9.55	5.08	12.39	31.36	48.49	7.20	7.70	8.07
12月	27.23	9.56	9.06	12.19	20.88	2.38	3.30	4.01	31.26	3.52	3.74	6.71	10.37	1.54	1.65	1.73

参数名	代表含义	数值	单位
MUD_SD50	黏性泥沙中值粒径	31.25, 15.60, 7.80, 3.90, 1.95	μm
SAND_SD50	无黏泥沙中值粒径	0.50, 0.25, 0.13, 0.07	mm
MUD_WSED	黏性泥沙沉降速度	0.62, 0.3, 0.12, 0.04, 0.01	mm/s^-1
SAND_WSED	无黏泥沙沉降速度	57.6, 27.0, 8.7, 2.4	mm·s^-1
MUD_ERATE	黏性泥沙侵蚀率	1E-5, 1E-5, 1E-5, 1E-5, 1E-5	kg·m^-2·s^-1
SAND_ERATE	无黏泥沙侵蚀率	1E-5, 1E-5, 1E-5, 1E-5	kg·m^-2·s^-1
MUD_TAU_CE	黏性泥沙临界侵蚀应力	0.06, 0.05, 0.04, 0.04, 0.03	N·m^-2
SAND_TAU_CE	无黏泥沙临界侵蚀应力	0.27, 0.19, 0.14, 0.09	N·m^-2

珠江口洪季最大浑浊带的大小潮变化与机制分析^*

Spring-neap tidal variation and mechanism analysis of the maximum turbidity in the Pearl River Estuary during flood season

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