东沙海区泥火山调查进展*

doi:10.11978/YG2020008

Abstract

Abstract:

As an important expression of Earth’s movement and a migration way for fluid-rich materials from substrates to the surface, mud volcanism and the entrained materials carry with ample information that is important for understanding the geodynamics, stratigraphic lithology, resources, and environment. Featuring thin (~1 km) Cenozoic Erathem and considerably thick (>5 km) Mesozoic Erathem, the Dongsha Waters is deemed as the best but unproven prospect for petroleum sourced from the Mesozoic Erathem. It is also rich with seamounts and submarine hills that are believed as magmatic volcanoes, a potential risk factor for petroleum accumulation. However, it is revealed from recent geophysical surveys that many of the seamounts and hills have developed with remarkable diapiric deformation and faults, fluid infill-led blank reflection zone, fluid seepage, and emission. By sampling with box dredges over tens of seamount and hill, plentiful authigenic carbonate nodules and deep-water corals, sponges, etc., have been collected, which feature them mud volcanoes. Discovery of the mud volcanoes shows favorable conditions for petroleum source and migration over the waters, and provides excellent lines to explore the petroleum and gas hydrates sourced from the Mesozoic Erathem. Abundance of deep-sea coral, sponge and others implies the Dongsha mud volcanoes as potential province for deep-sea coral and sponge reefs, meaningful to study the relationship among petroleum seepage, growth of chemosynthetic community and marine environment.

Key words: Dongsha Waters, mud volcano, deep-water coral, authigenic carbonates, petroleum and hydrate prospect, Mesozoic Erathem

CLC Number:

P618.13

YAN Pin, WANG Yanlin, YU Junhui, LUO Wei, LIU Xingjian, JIN Yongbin, LI Pengchun, LIU Jie, ZHONG Guangjian, YI Hai. Surveying mud volcanoes over the Dongsha Waters in the South China Sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021, 40(3): 34-43.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1

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Tab. 1

Fig. 5

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样品	矿物名	含量/%	样品	矿物名	含量/%
H208	石英	3.9	H55	石英	33.4
	方解石	5.5		高岭石	6.5
	镁方解石	7.3		伊蒙混层矿物	20.5
	铁白云石	3.5		浊沸石	16.3
	伊利石	29.7		绿泥石	18.4
	高岭石	13.5		方解石	5.0
	针铁矿	14.3	H110	石英	6.4
	闪叶石	10.5		伊利石	14.5
	镁橄榄石	11.8		方解石	31.8
H170	钠长石	6.6		高镁方解石	36.0
	高岭石	1.5		高岭石	3.1
	伊利石	3.8		绿泥石	5.1
	铁白云石	60.0		铁白云石	3.0
	高镁方解石	3.0	H35-2	石英	80.4
	方解石	0.6		浊沸石	6.6
	石英	9.0		拉长石	13.0
	白云石	15.6

Surveying mud volcanoes over the Dongsha Waters in the South China Sea

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