Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Impact of estuarine storm surge barriers on spatiotemporal variation of tidal asymmetry in a delta*
Copy editor: YIN Bo
Received date: 2020-11-02
Request revised date: 2021-01-12
Online published: 2021-01-19
Supported by
Open foundation of Key Laboratory of Port, Waterway & Sedimentation Engineering(Yk220001-5)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42006155)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42006157)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B210202026)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B200204036)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(B200202053)
Belt and Road Special Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering(2020492111)
Copyright
Tidal asymmetry in a delta has a vital relationship with the evolution direction of the delta geomorphology. Many studies focus on the evolution of tidal asymmetry in a delta in response to the changes of seaward and landward boundaries. Large-scale estuary projects also affect tidal asymmetry in a delta. Numerous estuary works show that storm surge barriers directly weaken the ocean tidal power on the inlet. The Rhine-Meuse Delta of the Netherlands is a tidal-driven delta, subject to flood disasters. The world-famous delta project was built in the southwest of the Netherlands. We take it as the research target, and analyze the influence of storm surge barriers on the evolution of tidal asymmetry in the delta networks. In this paper, we apply a nonstationary harmonic model to 50 ~ 60 years of hydrological data from 13 stations in the Rhine-Meuse Delta to analyze the characteristics of tidal propagation and tidal duration asymmetry and the influence of the storm surge barrier. Analytical results show that the Rhine-Meuse Delta is flood-dominant, and tidal duration asymmetry gradually increases upstream. Under the impact of suddenly changed river discharges and tidal dynamics after the construction of the storm surge barrier, the tidal powers in the enclosed southern branches were greatly weakened, and tidal asymmetry increased in the downstream and weakened in the upstream. In the other channels of the northern and central branches, the tidal asymmetry increased due to the increase of river discharges, more significantly in the central sites.
SHEN Qianying , JI Xiaomei , ZHANG Wei , XU Yanwen . Impact of estuarine storm surge barriers on spatiotemporal variation of tidal asymmetry in a delta*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021 , 40(5) : 1 -9 . DOI: 10.11978/2020127
图1 莱茵河-默兹河三角洲及潮位站分布图图b中数字表示站点序号; 方形块、圆形块分别表示站点实测潮位数据时间长度为1961—2018年、1971—2018年。该图基于国家测绘地理信息局标准地图服务网站下载的审图号为GS(2020)4390的标准地图制作 Fig. 1 Rhine-Meuse Delta and hydrological stations. The numbers in figure b represent the station number. The square blocks and round blocks indicate that the measured water level data of stations are from 1961—2018 and 1971—2018, respectively |
图4 1961—1970年主要分潮(M2、S2、M4、K1、O1、M6)的平均振幅(a、b)和相位(c、d)空间分布图中数字为站位号 Fig. 4 Mean tidal amplitudes (a, b) and phases (c, d) for the main constituents (M2, S2, M4, K1, O1, M6) during 1961—1970. The number is the station number |
图9 M2 、M4分潮振幅、相位和两者振幅比(A)、相位差(G)对不同量级径流量的敏感性a. M2分潮振幅; b. M4分潮振幅; c. 振幅比(M4/M2); d. M2分潮相位; e. M4分潮相位; f. 相位差(2M2-M4)。Q为上游径流量 Fig. 9 Sensitivity of tidal amplitudes and phases of the constituents M2 and M4 and tidal amplitude ratio and relative phase of the constituents M2 and M4 to variations in river discharge. (a) M2 tidal amplitude; (b) M4 tidal amplitude; (c) tidal amplitude ratio (M4/M2); (d) M2 tidal phase; (e) M4 tidal phase; (f) relative phase (2M2-M4). Q is river discharge |
图10 M2 、M4分潮振幅、相位和两者振幅比(A)、相位差(G)对不同量级潮差的敏感性a. M2分潮振幅; b. M4分潮振幅; c. 振幅比(M4/M2); d. M2分潮相位; e. M4分潮相位; f. 相位差(2M2-M4)。R为外海潮差 Fig. 10 Sensitivity of tidal amplitudes and phases of the constituents M2 and M4 and tidal amplitude ratio and relative phase of the constituents M2 and M4 to variation in tidal range. (a) M2 tidal amplitude; (b) M4 tidal amplitude; (c) tidal amplitude ratio (M4/M2); (d) M2 tidal phase; (e) M4 tidal phase; (f) relative phase (2M2-M4). R is tidal range |
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