Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Changes of radiolarian community structure with depth in the central Bay of Bengal in spring 2019
Copy editor: YAO Yantao
Received date: 2022-09-30
Revised date: 2022-11-09
Online published: 2022-11-10
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876056)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176080)
Development fund of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO202201)
National Natural Science Foundation of China Shiptime Sharing Project(41849910)
By staining with Rose Bengal and using traditional morphological analysis, this study for the first time reveals the vertical changes of radiolarian community (Polycystinea, Acanthadaria, Taxopodia and Phaeodaria) from 0 to 2600m water depth in the central Bay of Bengal. Polycystinea may survive in full water depth, and the highest abundance is in the chlorophyll-a maximum layer, indicating that most Polycystinea prefers the well-lit and nutrient-rich environments. In the intermediate-deep water (200~1000 m) invaded by high saline water from the Arabian Sea, the change of abundances of living and dead Polycystinea are slight, indicating that they prefer high-salinity environment (>34.5‰). Considering that living Polycystinea did not change significantly from 1000m to 2000m, the abundance of the shells was obviously increased compared with that in the upper water, indicating that the central Bay of Bengal was affected by the lateral advection of ocean current in the 1000~2000m during the sampling period. The highest abundance of Acantharia appeared at 50~100m, then decreased sharply at 100~200m depth, and almost absent at 200~2600m. The number of shells from 0 to 200m was low, suggesting that Acantharia prefers the well-lit and nutrient-rich environments, and is speculated to be largely dissolved at ~100m depth. Different from other species in morphology, a new species Sticholonche indicum sp. nov. was described, which has the significantly longer oar-like axopodia. And its maximum abundance occurs between 200~300m, suggesting that they are new species, which prefer the moderate temperature and high salt environment, not limited by the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Phaeodaria mainly lives at a depth of 50m, with the highest abundance at 200~300m depth, the low abundance at 300~2600m depth, and the rare shells of thanatocoenoses at 0~2600m depth, suggesting that Phaeodaria is weakly affected by the OMZ, and some phaeodarian species can live in deep water without the limit of low temperature. Therefore, Polycystinea, Acantharia, Taxopodia and Phaeodaria have the significant differences in vertical distribution and environmental adaptation characteristics, and the above results would be helpful to understand the material cycle and environmental changes in marine ecosystems.
Key words: Bay of Bengal; zooplankton radiolaria; community structure; depth change
ZHANG Lanlan , CHENG Xiawen , XIANG Rong , QIU Zhuoya , CHANG Hu . Changes of radiolarian community structure with depth in the central Bay of Bengal in spring 2019[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023 , 42(4) : 166 -175 . DOI: 10.11978/2022209
图1 研究站位(19E87-32)的地理位置与断面A环境参数剖面图图a Locations of multi-network sampling station (19E87-32) in the Bay of Bengal, and Section A profile of environmental parameters. (a) is based on the standard map No. GS(2016)1663 downloaded from the standard map service website of the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping; (b), (c), (d) and (e) are the quarterly mean salinity, dissolved oxygen, temperature and silicate during April-June from 1955 to 2017 with depth for Section A. Data are from https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/world-ocean-atlas-2018 |
图4 列足虫物种形态对比a. 镰形棒矛虫(Sticholonche zanclea)(Fol, 1883)(模式标本); b. 镰形棒矛虫(Sticholonche zanclea)(鈴木紀毅 等, 2011); c. 印度棒矛虫(Sticholonche indicum sp. nov.)(模式标本); d. 印度棒矛虫。图中标尺长度为100μm Fig.4 Comparison of Taxopodia species morphology. (a) Sticholonche zanclea (Fol, 1883) (type specimen); (b) Sticholonche zanclea (Suzuki et al, 2011); (c, d) Sticholonche indicum sp. nov. (c for type specimen) |
*感谢中国科学院中国-斯里兰卡联合科教中心的资助; 感谢自然资源部海洋生态系统动力学重点实验室开放研究基金资助; 感谢“实验3”号科考船全体队员的帮助; 感谢日本东北大学Noritoshi Suzuki教授和3位评审专家的建设性意见和建议。
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