Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Preliminary study on the reproductive biology of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster solaris) in the Xisha Islands
Editor: LIN Qiang
Received date: 2023-12-29
Revised date: 2024-02-22
Online published: 2024-02-29
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022ZDYF3106303)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2401302)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876207)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42376114)
Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation Innovation Team Project(322CXTD507)
National Natural Science Foundation of China Regional Project(42166004)
The outbreak of the crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS, Acanthaster solaris) population has severely damaged coral reef ecosystems, leading to a significant impact on biodiversity. The knowledge of the reproductive characteristics of the COTS is crucial for predicting population outbreaks and scientific management strategies. In this study, the samples were collected from ten reefs in the Xisha Islands from May to July 2022, and a total of 928 individuals were conducted for the reproductive biology analysis. The results revealed that the body diameter (diameter, D) of the Xisha Islands ranges from 82 to 363 mm, the mean value was (217±45) mm, the body weight (weight, W) range was 16.89~1 003.98g, and the mean value was (224.69±123.6) g. The relationship between body diameter and weight followed a power function, expressed as W=3.357×10-4D2.48 (R2=0.86), indicating allometric growth in the population. The sex ratio of male to female individuals was 1.22:1. The initial sexual maturity body diameter for female COTS was 206.38mm. Gonadal maturity was classified into four stages, with the highest gonadosomatic index (GSI) and egg diameter occurring in Stage Ⅱ, averaging (15.68±6.35)%and (1.27±0.32) mm, respectively. The absolute fecundity range was 174 720~11 317 560 eggs, with mean of (3 555 081±2 301 657) eggs, relative fecundity range was 2 176.65~23 851.30 eggs·g-1, and the mean value was (10 581.89±4 213.73) eggs·g-1. The relationship between absolute fecundity and body diameter exhibited a power function (Fa=0.028 8D3.346, R2=0.67, P<0.01), and the relationship between relative fecundity and body weight exhibited a power function (Fa=2 588.38W1.234, R2=0.73, P<0.01). Reproductive capacity in COTS was closely related to individual size. This study, for the first time, reveals the reproductive characteristics of COTS in the Xisha Islands during the summer, providing a scientific basis for understanding the population dynamics and outbreak mechanisms of COTS. The results are significant for formulating effective conservation measures for coral reef ecosystems.
Key words: Xisha Islands; Acanthaster solaris; sex ratio; fecundity
LIU Jiehong , WANG Pengcheng , WANG Zhihao , XIA Wentong , XIE Songguang , SONG Yiqing . Preliminary study on the reproductive biology of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster solaris) in the Xisha Islands[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024 , 43(6) : 160 -169 . DOI: 10.11978/2023203
表1 西沙群岛海域长棘海星样本采集信息Tab. 1 Sampling information for Acanthaster solaris in the Xisha Islands |
采集日期 | 岛礁 | 岛礁坐标 | 样本数量 |
---|---|---|---|
2022年5月17日 | 全富岛 | 16°34′29.47″N, 111°40′24.05″E | 59 |
2022年5月20日 | 银屿 | 16°35′56.46″N, 111°42′7.27″E | 43 |
2022年5月21日 | 羚羊礁 | 16°28′59.41N, 111°35′29.47″E | 80 |
2022年5月21日 | 石屿 | 16°28′43.74″N, 111°35′45.82″E | 64 |
2022年5月21日 | 珊瑚岛 | 16°33′7.06″N, 111°37′32.35″E | 78 |
2022年5月24日 | 甘泉岛 | 16°30′40.44″N, 111°35′2.81″E | 72 |
2022年5月25日 | 金银岛 | 16°27′35.25″N, 111°31′20.03″E | 175 |
2022年7月22日 | 玉琢礁 | 16°19′24.37″N, 111°59′59.94″E | 66 |
2022年7月25日 | 浪花礁 | 16°3′26.50″N, 112°29′3.04″E | 115 |
2022年7月27日 | 东岛 | 16°40′5.85″N, 112°44′36.34″E | 176 |
图4 2022年5月至7月西沙群岛海域长棘海星的性别比例Fig. 4 Gender ratio of Acanthaster solaris in the Xisha Islands from May to July 2022 |
图6 2022年5月至7月西沙群岛海域长棘海星雌性性腺成熟度占比与性腺指数Fig. 6 Percentage of female gonads and gonadosomatic index (GSI) at different development stages of Acanthaster solaris in the Xisha Islands from May to July 2022 |
图7 2022年5月至7月西沙群岛海域长棘海星雌性性腺各成熟度时期卵径大小频数分布与卵径大小Fig. 7 Oocyte size-frequency distribution and oocyte size at different development stages of Acanthaster solaris in the Xisha Islands from May to July 2022 |
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