Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Taxonomic study of four species of Gracilaria (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) in Zhanjiang based on morphological and molecular data
Copy editor: YIN Bo
Received date: 2023-06-26
Revised date: 2023-09-03
Online published: 2024-03-26
Supported by
Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang)(ZJW-2022-06)
Special Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province, China(2022A01207)
Ph.D. Start-up Fund of Guangdong Medical University, China(GDMUB2022025)
Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University, China(4SG23009G)
According to the molecular and morphological analysis, the species of Gracilariaceae was studied using the samples collected from Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, China. Four Gracilariaceae species were identified, namely: Gracilaria tenuistipitata, G. firma, G. edulis and Gracilariopsis bailinae. Their taxonomic characters and phylogenetic relationships were discussed in detail. This is combined with data from the literature to clarify that G. tenuistipitata, G. tenuistipitata var. liui and G. longirostris are the same species, and G. firma and G. changii are the same species. This study revised the taxonomic information of Gracilariaceae species in the coastal waters of southern China, and also provided a taxonomic basis for the conservation and development of macroalgae resources in Zhanjiang sea area.
Key words: Zhanjiang sea area; morphology; Gracilaria; phylogenetic analysis
LI Nenghui , HUANG Qing , LI Hang , ZENG Jun , WU Kefeng , TAN Huaqiang . Taxonomic study of four species of Gracilaria (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) in Zhanjiang based on morphological and molecular data[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024 , 43(2) : 34 -47 . DOI: 10.11978/2023085
图2 细基江蓠a~c. 藻体外观; d~f. 藻体横切面观; g. 囊果切面观; h~k. 囊果外观; l. 囊果被切面观; m. 吸收丝; n. 四分孢子囊表面观; o. 精子囊窠表面观; p. 四分孢子囊切面观; q. 精子囊窠切面观 Fig. 2 Gracilaria tenuistipitata. a ~ c. The habit sketch of the frond; d ~ f. The transection of the frond; g. the longitudinal section of the cystocarp; h ~ k. The surface of the cystocarp; l. The longitudinal section of the pericarp; m. the traversing filaments; n. The surface of the tetrasporangia; o. The surface of the spermatangia; p. The transection of the tetrasporangia; q. The transection of the spermatangia |
图3 硬江蓠a. 藻体外形图; b~d. 藻体横切面观; e. 囊果外观; f. 囊果切面观; g. 囊果被切面观; h. 吸收丝; i. 精子囊窠表面观; j. 四分孢子囊表面观; k. 四分孢子囊切面观; l. 精子囊窠切面观 Fig. 3 Gracilaria firma. a. The habit sketch of the frond; b ~ d. The transection of the frond; e. The surface of the cystocarp; f. The longitudinal section of the cystocarp; g. The longitudinal section of the pericarp; h. The traversing filaments; i. The surface of the spermatangia; j. The surface of the tetrasporangia; k. The transection of the tetrasporangia; l. The transection of the spermatangia |
图4 帚状江蓠a. 藻体外形图; b~d. 藻体横切面观; e. 囊果外观; f. 囊果切面观; g~h. 吸收丝; i. 囊果被切面观; j. 四分孢子囊表面观; k. 精子囊窠表面观; l. 四分孢子囊切面观; m. 精子囊窠切面观 Fig. 4 Gracilaria edulis. a. The habit sketch of the frond; b ~ d. The transection of the frond; e. The surface of the cystocarp; f. The longitudinal section of the cystocarp; g ~ h. The traversing filaments; i. The longitudinal section of the pericarp; j. The surface of the tetrasporangia; k. The surface of the spermatangia; l. The transection of the tetrasporangia; m. The transection of the spermatangia |
图5 异枝拟江蓠a. 藻体外形图; b~c. 藻体横切面观; d. 囊果外观; e. 囊果切面观; f. 囊果被切面观; g. 四分孢子囊表面观; h. 精子囊表面观; i. 四分孢子囊切面观; j~k. 精子囊切面观 Fig. 5 Gracilariopsis bailinae. a. The habit sketch of the frond; b ~ c. The transection of the frond; d. The surface of the cystocarp; e. The longitudinal section of the cystocarp; f. The longitudinal section of the pericarp; g. The surface of the tetrasporangia; h. The surface of the spermatangia; i. The transection of the tetrasporangia; j ~ k. The transection of the spermatangia |
表1 样品与细基江蓠及其繁枝变种的形态特征比较Tab. 1 Comparison of morphological characteristics of the samples with G. tenuistipitata and G. tenuistipitata var. liui |
结构 | 样品(分枝简单) | 样品(分枝繁多) | 细基江蓠 | 细基江蓠繁枝变种 |
---|---|---|---|---|
高 | 20~100cm | 20~85cm | 20~40cm | 20~30cm |
宽 | 0.5~3.6mm | 0.5~3mm | 0.5~1mm | 0.3~0.5mm |
表层细胞 | 1~2层; 5.8~19.6μm × 4.2~11μm | 1~2层; 5.8~17.5μm × 5~13μm | 1~2层; 15~18μm × 10.5~19.5μm | 1~2层; 12~18μm × 10~11μm |
内皮层细胞 | 2~3层; 23.1~84.6μm | 2~3层; 23.3~80.4μm | 2~3层; 33~83μm | 2~4层; 25~80μm |
髓部细胞 | 185~501μm | 190~485μm | 225~390μm | 200~250μm |
囊果 | 595~1780μm | 580~1830μm | 830~950μm | 0.8~1mm |
囊果被 | 6~13层; 厚72~185μm | 6~11层; 厚74~200μm | 8~11层; 厚72~102μm | 7~10层; 厚72~102μm |
吸收丝 | 存在 | 存在 | 存在 | 存在 |
精子囊 | “T”型, 24~50μm × 20~42μm | “T”型, 26~52μm × 18~40μm | “T”型, 19~23μm × 10~23μm | “T”型, 19~23μm × 10~23μm |
四分孢子囊 | 26.8~50.5μm × 18.4~43.2μm | 28.5~51.2μm × 16.7~42.5μm | 30~46μm × 18~30μm | 30~46μm × 18~30μm |
参考文献 | 本文 | 本文 | 张峻甫等(1976); 夏邦美(1999) | 夏邦美(1999); 丁兰平等(2014) |
表2 样品与细基江蓠及长喙江蓠的形态特征比较Tab. 2 Comparison of morphological characteristics of the samples with G. tenuistipitata and G. longirostris |
结构 | 样品(分枝简单) | 样品(囊果长喙) | 细基江蓠 | 长喙江蓠 |
---|---|---|---|---|
高 | 20~100cm | 20~74cm | 20~40cm | 约20cm |
宽 | 0.5~3.6mm | 0.5~2.8mm | 0.5~1mm | 约 1mm |
表层细胞 | 1~2层; 5.8~19.6μm × 4.2~11μm | 1~2层; 6~18.5μm × 4.5~12.5μm | 1~2层; 15~18μm × 10.5~19.5μm | 1~2层; 8~13μm × 7~9μm |
内皮层细胞 | 2~3层; 23.1~84.6μm | 2~3层; 20~78.5μm | 2~3层; 33~83μm | 1~2层; 15~40μm |
髓部细胞 | 185~501μm | 185~470μm | 225~390μm | 70~200μm |
囊果 | 595~1780μm | 喙长1.1mm左右 | 830~950μm | 喙长2~3mm |
囊果被 | 6~13层; 厚72~185μm | 6~10层; 厚78~180μm | 8~11层; 厚72~102μm | 4~7层; 厚106~145μm |
吸收丝 | 存在 | 存在 | 存在 | 存在 |
精子囊 | “T”型, 24~50μm × 20~42μm | 未发现 | “T”型, 19~23μm × 10~23μm | 未发现 |
四分孢子囊 | 26.8~50.5μm × 18.4~43.2μm | 未发现 | 30~46μm × 18~30μm | 20~50μm × 10~36μm |
参考文献 | 本文 | 本文 | 张峻甫等(1976); 夏邦美(1999) | 夏邦美(1999); 丁兰平等(2014) |
表3 样品与张氏江蓠及硬江蓠的形态特征比较Tab. 3 Comparison of morphological characteristics of the samples with G. changii and G. firma |
结构 | 样品 | 张氏江蓠 | 硬江蓠 |
---|---|---|---|
高 | 10~28cm | 7~14cm | 10~20cm |
宽 | 1.5~4.2mm | 0.5~2mm | 1~3mm |
表层细胞 | 1~2层; 6.6~13.2μm × 5.2~8.3μm | 1~2层; 6.6~9.9μm × 4~6.6μm | 2~3层; 6.6~13.2μm × 3.3~6.6μm |
内皮层细胞 | 2~4层; 13~45μm | 2~3层; 33~83μm | 3~5层; 26~83μm |
髓部细胞 | 300~800μm | 300~499μm | 230~450μm |
囊果 | 573~1161μm × 778~1600μm | 589~664μm × 930~996μm | 580~630μm |
囊果被 | 9~13层; 厚108~180μm | 10~12层; 厚79~132μm | 8~10层; 厚83~95μm |
吸收丝 | 存在 | 存在 | 不存在 |
精子囊 | “V”型, 56~102μm × 40~90μm | “V”型, 50μm × 33~36μm; “P”型, 69~76μm × 43~50μm | “V”型, 66~116μm × 33~66μm |
四分孢子囊 | 23~47μm × 13~29μm | 10~66μm × 20~40μm | 50~66μm × 26~43μm |
参考文献 | 本文 | Zhang等(1991) | 张峻甫等(1976) |
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