Sri Lanka is an island nation and a key node in the Indian Ocean shipping routes, with significant strategic importance. This paper analyzes Sri Lanka's unique geological structure, which features steep terrain, frequent geological hazards, and lacks of preventive ability. This paper begins with an analysis of Sri Lanka’s unique geological structure, aiming at the major livelihood and welfare problems caused by frequent geological hazards, we put forward the urgency and feasibility of establishing a comprehensive geological monitoring platform in its coastal cities. We then detail the three stages of deployment of the early geological hazard monitoring platform, demonstrating its feasibility. Additionally, we propose two urgent scientific issues to be addressed: (1) the tectonic evolution mechanism of the Sri Lankan and (2) the stability of the shallow geological structure in coastal cities. We further emphasize the need to use the latest seismic data to focus on geological and velocity structure studies in Sri Lanka's coastal region, establish standards for geological stability assessment, and analyze geological hazard characteristics of temporal and spatial variation, providing scientific evidence for geological hazards prevention. On the other hand, a more comprehensive model of geological structure evolution is established by means of multidisciplinary methods such as petrology, geochemistry, geophysics and geological dating. This research aligns with the Belt and Road Initiative from the perspective of geological hazard prevention, promotes fundamental research on geological structures, and carries profound scientific and strategic significance.