Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean*
Editor: SUN Cuici
Received date: 2025-01-01
Revised date: 2025-02-06
Online published: 2025-03-10
Supported by
Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(2021JJLH0048)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010705)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011955)
Independent Integration Program, South China Sea Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO2023HC07)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176082)
Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(42149910)
Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(42249910)
This study addresses the scientific question of the spatial differentiation mechanisms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in surface sediments across the 90°E Ridge in the northeastern Indian Ocean, employing a multi-scale analytical approach to elucidate controlling factors and biogeochemical processes. Through bulk and size-fractionated ( > 150 μm, 63-150 μm, 38-63 μm, 25-38 μm, < 25 μm) CaCO3 contribution analyses of surface sediments from 10 stations, combined with quantitative statistical analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microfeatures, the following findings were obtained: (1) The CaCO3 content exhibits significant spatial variability (36.95%-74.76%, mean 56.05%), forming a tripartite gradient pattern of 30%-45%, 45%-60%, and 60%-75%. (2) In regions with water depths above 3000 m, the dominant CaCO3 component is planktonic foraminiferal shells (> 150 μm, contributing > 65%), while stations near or above the lysocline are dominated by the < 25 μm fine-grained fraction (contribution > 58%). (3) Quantitative microfeature analysis reveals, for the first time, a co-deposition pattern of calcareous dinoflagellate fossils (relative abundance up to 73.68%) with coccoliths and foraminiferal fragments in the 25-38 μm fraction. Further investigations demonstrate that CaCO3 distribution is governed by a ternary regulatory mechanism involving water depth-dependent dissolution effects, terrigenous clastic input, and siliceous biological dilution. This study innovatively establishes an integrated methodology of “grain-size separation-microscopic statistics-environmental interpretation”, which not only refines theoretical models of CaCO3 distribution in seamount geomorphic units but also expands the understanding of deep-sea inorganic carbon reservoirs by identifying calcareous dinoflagellate fossils as a novel carbon source. The findings provide a critical case study for comparative research on CaCO3 preservation mechanisms in global ridge systems and offer vital scientific insights for parameterizing marine carbon cycle models through improved algorithms for size-specific CaCO3 flux calculations.
DU Shuhuan , XIANG Rong , SU Xiang , ZHANG Lanlan , PAN Zirui , XIE Jinwo , LUO Chuanxiu , WAN Sui . Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026 , 45(1) : 73 -80 . DOI: 10.11978/2025001
表1 东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物样品信息Tab. 1 Information of surface sediment samples from the 90°E Ridge in the northeastern Indian Ocean |
| 样品号 | 经度 | 纬度 | 水深/m |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22HN01 | 90°10′12″E | 5°00′36″N | 3573 |
| 22HN02 | 90°00′00″E | 4°06′36″N | 3830 |
| 22HN09 | 90°55′12″E | 2°58′11″N | 3083 |
| 23EI-01-BOX | 89°33′36″E | 4°40′48″N | 3937 |
| 23EI-03 | 91°27′00″E | 3°15′00″N | 4157 |
| 23HN03 | 89°54′00″E | 3°01′12″N | 2553 |
| 23HN04 | 89°43′48″E | 1°59′23″N | 2746 |
| 23HN05 | 86°43′11″E | 3°17′24″N | 4208 |
| 23HN07 | 88°58′11″E | 3°04′12″N | 3733 |
| 23MG-04 | 90°14′23″E | 3°58′11″N | 2636 |
图3 东北印度洋90°E海岭区表层沉积物分粒径组分碳酸盐百分比含量图a. 不同粒径组分占沉积物全样百分比; b. 不同粒径组分碳酸钙对全样碳酸钙贡献量百分比 Fig. 3 Percentage of carbonate content by grain size fraction in surface sediments from the 90°E Ridge area, northeastern Indian Ocean. (a) Percentage of different grain size fractions relative to the whole sediment sample; (b) percentage contribution of calcium carbonate from different grain size fractions to the whole calcium carbonate sample |
图4 东北印度洋90°E海岭区表层沉积物样品扫描电镜图a. 钙质超微化石; b. 钙质沟鞭藻(Calciodinellum albatrosianum)和有孔虫壳体碎片; c. 钙质沟鞭藻(Calciodinellum arctica)和放射虫壳体; d. 23HN04样品的低倍扫描电镜图 Fig. 4 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of surface sediment samples from the 90°E Ridge area, northeastern Indian Ocean. (a) Calcareous nannofossils; (b) calcareous gourami (Calciodinellum albatrosianum) and foraminiferal shell fragments; (c) calcareous gourami (Caracomia arctica) and radiolarians shells; (d) zoomed-out SEM micrographs of sample 23HN04 |
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