Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Forest biomass and carbon storage of different mangrove communities in Shenzhen, China
Received date: 2025-01-22
Revised date: 2025-03-06
Online published: 2025-03-13
Supported by
Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Plan Project(KCXFZ202002011006491)
To explore the community characteristics and carbon accumulation function of mangroves under different coastal conditions in Shenzhen, we measured plant growth indices, soil organic carbon, and plant carbon content in three mangrove wetlands: Bao'an Xiwan Mangrove, Dapeng Luzui Mountain Mangrove, and Futian Mangrove National Nature Reserve. The biomass and soil carbon density of different communities were compared. The results showed that Kandelia obovata, Sonneratia caseolaris, and Sonneratia apetala were the constructive, dominant or associated species in the three mangrove communities of Shenzhen. The vegetation carbon density was highest in the K. obovata (88.03 t·hm-2) and S. caseolaris+S. apetala (233.56 t·hm-2) communities in the Xiwan Mangrove. The Futian Mangrove Reserve exhibited the highest soil organic carbon and soil carbon density (63.10 g·kg-1, 134.65 t·hm-2), though its soil water content and bulk density were significantly lower than the other two sites. The Dapeng Luzui Mangrove community showed the richest species composition and highest soil bulk density, but had relatively smaller plant height, DBH, and biomass. Among all communities, the S. apetala community displayed the greatest tree height, DBH, and vegetation carbon density, yet the lowest soil organic carbon content and soil carbon density. The soil organic carbon content in Futian’s natural K. obovata stand was higher than in other native and exotic mangroves. Among nine mangrove species, K. obovata showed the highest organic carbon content in stems, leaves, and fruits, while Acanthus ilicifolius had the lowest. In terms of carbon content in different plant organs, K. obovata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza had the highest carbon content in fruits, whereas other mangrove species had higher carbon content in stems and leaves.
Key words: mangrove; biomass; soil carbon density; plant carbon content; Shenzhen
SU Chunqing , GAO Yuhui , LUO Xinwu , HAN Mengmeng , GONG Yanzhang , ZHENG Weiguo . Forest biomass and carbon storage of different mangrove communities in Shenzhen, China[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025 , 44(6) : 155 -164 . DOI: 10.11978/2025013
表1 深圳3个红树林样点情况Tab. 1 Information of three mangrove sampling sites in Shenzhen |
| 样点 | 所在区位 | 面积/hm2 | 红树林生境类型 | 流经河流 | 土壤质地 | 样方号 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 宝安西湾红树林 | 深圳西部 | 7.34 | 河口边缘开阔海岸 | 铁岗水库排洪河、南昌涌 | 粉砂土 | A1—A15 |
| 大鹏鹿咀山庄红树林 | 深圳东部 | 8.00 | 浅滩潟湖 | 鹿咀河 | 粉砂土 | B1—B8 |
| 福田红树林保护区 | 深圳南部 | 100 | 河口内湾 | 凤塘河 | 黏壤土 | C1—C18 |
图1 深圳3个样点红树林群落样地(红点)分布图左上为宝安西湾红树林群落样地分布图; 左下为福田红树林保护区群落样地分布图; 右下为鹿咀山庄红树林群落样地分布图; 图像来源: 深圳市地理信息公共服务平台[审图号: 粤BS(2024)056号]、百度地图 Fig. 1 Distribution of mangrove community plots in three sampling sites in Shenzhen. Upper left: plot distribution in Bao'an Xiwan mangrove community; Lower left: plot distribution in Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve; Lower right: plot distribution in Luzui Mountain Villa mangrove community. Image sources: Shenzhen Geospatial Information Service Platform, Baidu Map |
表2 不同红树的异速生长方程Tab. 2 Allometric growth equations of different mangrove species |
| 红树树种 | 异速生长方程 | 参考文献 |
|---|---|---|
| 秋茄Kandelia obovata | WAGB=0.0341(D2H)1.03; WBGB =0.0483(D2H)0.834 | Clough et al, 1989 |
| 木榄Bruguiera gymnorrhiza | WAGB=0.186D2.31; WBGB=0.4697D1.5541 | Clough et al, 1989 |
| 桐花树Aegiceras corniculata | WTGB=0.251ρD2.46 | Howard et al, 2014 |
| 海桑Sonneratia caseolaris | WTGB=0.251ρD2.46 | Howard et al, 2014 |
| 无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala | WAGB=0.280(D2H)0.693; WBGB=0.038(D2H)0.759 | Ren et al, 2005 |
| 拉关木Laguncularia racemosa | WTGB=0.251ρD2.46 | Howard et al, 2014 |
| 白骨壤Avicennia marina | lgWAGB=2.113lgD−0.511 lgWBGB=1.171lgD+0.106 | Comley et al,2005 |
| 红海榄Rhizophora stylosa | WAGB =0.2206D2.4292 WBGB=0.261D1.86 | Tamai et al, 1988 |
| 海漆Excoecaria agallocha | WAGB=0.1029D2.46 WBGB=0.08928D2.22 | Komiyama et al, 2005 |
表3 深圳3个样点调查样方红树林主要群落参数特征Tab. 3 Characteristics of main community parameters of mangroves in three sampling sites in Shenzhen |
| 样点 | 群落类型 | 样方号 | 样方数 | 每100m2 平均株数 | 平均树 高/m | 平均胸 径/cm | 平均间 距/m | 树种组成 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 宝安西湾红树林 | 秋茄 | A1—A4, A11—A15 | 9 | 30 | 6.29 | 12.73 | 1.83 | 多为秋茄纯林, 个别样方伴生有海桑 |
| 海桑+无瓣海桑 | A5—A10 | 6 | 22 | 7.96 | 22.98 | 2.00 | 以海桑、无瓣海桑为优势种, 个别样方伴生有秋茄 | |
| 大鹏鹿咀山庄红树林 | 无瓣海桑 | B1、B2、B6 | 3 | 38 | 2.96 | 5.46 | 1.59 | 以无瓣海桑为优势种, 伴生种海漆, 多见木榄、白骨壤、秋茄、红海榄、桐花树等幼苗 |
| 红海榄 | B5、B7 | 2 | 39 | 1.85 | 3.41 | 1.58 | 以红海榄为优势种, 伴生种秋茄、无瓣海桑 | |
| 海漆 | B3、B8 | 2 | 30 | 2.95 | 5.11 | 1.78 | 以海漆为优势种, 伴生种秋茄、桐花树、拉关木 | |
| 拉关木 | B4 | 1 | 37 | 4.12 | 4.44 | 1.62 | 以拉关木为优势种, 伴生种秋茄、海漆 | |
| 福田红树林保护区 | 秋茄 | C1—C11, C14—C18 | 16 | 41 | 5.42 | 10.29 | 1.48 | 以秋茄占绝对优势种, 伴生种木榄、桐花树, 林下老鼠簕、木榄、卤蕨幼苗密布 |
| 海桑+无瓣海桑 | C12—C13 | 2 | 19 | 8.46 | 20.34 | 2.14 | 以海桑为优势种, 伴生种无瓣海桑, 林下老鼠簕密布 |
表4 深圳3个样点红树林生物量和植被碳密度Tab. 4 Biomass and vegetation carbon density of mangroves in three sampling sites in Shenzhen |
| 样点 | 群落类型 | 总生物量/(t·hm-2) | 植被碳密度/(t·hm-2) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 宝安西湾红树林 | 秋茄 | 203.81 | 88.03 |
| 海桑+无瓣海桑 | 494.61 | 233.56 | |
| 大鹏鹿咀山庄红树林 | 无瓣海桑 | 44.37 | 21.64 |
| 红海榄 | 26.56 | 11.84 | |
| 海漆 | 37.24 | 15.40 | |
| 拉关木 | 35.51 | 17.87 | |
| 福田红树林保护区 | 秋茄 | 189.14 | 81.67 |
| 海桑+无瓣海桑 | 313.05 | 146.46 |
表5 深圳3个样点红树林群落的土壤有机碳与碳密度Tab. 5 Soil organic carbon and carbon density of mangrove communities in three sampling sites in Shenzhen |
| 样点 | 群落/均值 | 含水量/% | 容重/(g·cm-3) | 土壤有机碳/(g·kg-1) | 土壤有机碳密度/(t·hm-2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西湾红树林 | 秋茄 | 85.74 | 1.40 | 16.91 | 39.16 |
| 海桑+无瓣海桑 | 89.71 | 1.32 | 15.73 | 38.73 | |
| 地区均值 | 87.59±3.92a | 1.36±0.09a | 16.40±4.58b | 38.94±9.78b | |
| 大鹏鹿咀山庄红树林 | 无瓣海桑 | 84.66 | 1.36 | 17.01 | 44.63 |
| 红海榄 | 78.9 | 1.33 | 27.52 | 72.46 | |
| 海漆 | 76.9 | 1.34 | 23.52 | 64.41 | |
| 拉关木 | 76.5 | 1.68 | 25.92 | 86.92 | |
| 地区均值 | 80.26±4.91b | 1.39±0.17a | 22.38±3.82b | 61.82±22.77b | |
| 福田红树林保护区 | 秋茄 | 74.55 | 1.02 | 64.80 | 139.42 |
| 海桑+无瓣海桑 | 81.15 | 1.21 | 26.24 | 63.67 | |
| 地区均值 | 74.96±6.10c | 1.04±0.13b | 63.10±23.75a | 134.65±49.96a |
注: 数据为平均值±标准差, 不同小写字母表示0.05水平上的差异性(P<0.05)。 |
表6 深圳3个样点红树林植株有机碳含量Tab. 6 Organic carbon content of mangrove plants in three sampling sites in Shenzhen |
| 样点 | 序号 | 有机碳含量/(g·kg-1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 树种 | 叶 | 茎 | 果 | 花托 | 平均值 | ||
| 宝安西湾红树林 | 1 | 秋茄 | 398.90±7.38B | 379.37±5.58B | 446.32±17.42 | 463.06±11.39 | 421.91±36.99B |
| 2 | 无瓣海桑 | 373.79±12.78A | 437.95±10.06A | 404.48±15.53 | - | 405.41±29.98A | |
| 大鹏鹿咀山庄红树林 | 1 | 秋茄 | 387.39±7.17Bb | 417.19±14.33Aa | - | - | 402.29±19.21Ba |
| 2 | 无瓣海桑 | 379.26±9.77Abc | 379.26±12.41Bbc | 387.39±13.27 | - | 381.97±12.04Bb | |
| 3 | 红海榄 | 363.01±11.81c | 360.30±8.13cde | - | - | 361.66±9.75cd | |
| 4 | 海漆 | 414.48±16.48a | 387.39±10.84b | - | - | 400.94±19.38a | |
| 5 | 桐花树 | 390.10±12.41b | 371.14±7.16bcd | - | - | 380.62±13.79b | |
| 6 | 木榄 | 360.30±8.13cd | 365.72±9.77cd | 403.65±11.06 | - | 376.56±22.46bc | |
| 7 | 拉关木 | 330.50±9.77e | 344.05±8.13e | - | - | 337.28±10.94e | |
| 8 | 白骨壤 | 341.34±11.81de | 352.17±10.84de | - | - | 346.76±11.75de | |
| 福田红树林保护区 | 1 | 秋茄 | 446.32±8.37Aa | 432.37±10.06Aa | 482.58±14.76a | - | 453.76±24.52Aa |
| 2 | 无瓣海桑 | 393.32±8.37Ab | 362.63±12.78Bbc | - | - | 377.98±19.39Bc | |
| 3 | 海桑 | 446.32±15.53a | 373.79±12.16b | 404.48±5.85b | - | 408.20±33.15b | |
| 4 | 桐花树 | 398.90±5.58b | 367.19±9.78b | - | - | 383.05±18.77bc | |
| 5 | 木榄 | 343.11±7.38c | 345.90±10.05c | 401.69±13.95b | - | 363.57±30.11c | |
| 6 | 老鼠簕 | 304.06±12.16d | 267.79±8.37d | - | - | 285.92±21.95d | |
注: 数据为平均值±标准差, 不同小写字母表示同一样点同一植株部位在不同树种间差异显著(P< 0.05); 不同大写字母表示同一树种同一部位在不同样点间差异显著(P<0.05)。 |
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