Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Progress, strategic opportunities, and challenges in ecological restoration & environmental optimization of coastal wetlands
Copy editor: LIN Qiang
Received date: 2024-07-13
Revised date: 2024-09-24
Online published: 2025-06-04
Supported by
Nansha District High-Level Talent Innovation Team Project in 2021 (Mangrove Wetland Blue Carbon Sequestration Technology Innovation Team)
Key Tasks Guarantee Special Fund Project for Green-Beautiful Guangdong Ecological Construction in 2024 (Precise Restoration, Ecological Function Evaluation of Mangroves)
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA23050200)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1901211)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1901211)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876126)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017FY100700)
Coastal wetlands are mainly waters with a depth of less than 6 m during low tide and their coastal wetted areas. It includes permanent water bodies, intertidal zone and coastal low-lying areas with a water depth of no more than 6m. Wetlands have values such as regulating flows, preventing seawater intrusion, supplementing the sedimentation of nutrients from groundwater, regulating climate, maintaining biodiversity, protecting coasts, carbon sequestration and storage, developing ecological tourism, and undertaking education and scientific research. The global coastal wetland area is approximately 142000000 hm2, and China has approximately 5940000 hm2 at present. With the rapid growth of population, socio-economic development, and industrialization and urbanization processes in coastal areas, the global coastal wetland ecosystems are being severely degraded, and comprehensive protection measures are urgently needed. This article summarizes the technological progress of coastal ecological restoration and environmental optimization both domestically and internationally, and analyzes relevant achievements and cases. It summarizes the characteristics and advantages of China's coastal wetland ecological restoration technology, especially the new achievements made ever since the implementation of the Beautiful China Ecological Civilization Project, which has important reference significance and demonstration role for coastal ecological restoration and environmental optimization, and proposes suggestions and promotion measures for ecological restoration and environmental optimization of the China's coastal wetlands, to support the construction of the national “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality” strategy and sustainable development of marine economy.
WANG Youshao , HAN Guangxuan , SHEN Yanqing , CHENG Hao , LONG Aimin . Progress, strategic opportunities, and challenges in ecological restoration & environmental optimization of coastal wetlands[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025 , 44(3) : 1 -13 . DOI: 10.11978/YGR2024001
图6 美丽中国生态文明专项黄河三角洲健康湿地功能提升生态修复示范区左: 2018年, 建设前; 右: 2019年, 建设后 Fig. 6 The ecological restoration demonstration zone of the Yellow River Delta healthy wetland function enhancement for the special project of Beautiful China Ecological Civilization. Left: before construction in 2018; right: after construction in 2019 |
图10 西沙群岛同类底质海草移植效果(黄小平提供)左: 日本鳗草和泰来草; 右: 泰来草、日本鳗草和喜盐草 (黄小平, 2019) Fig. 10 Transplantation effect of seagrass of the congenic bottom material in Xisha Islands (provided by Huang Xiaoping). Left: Zostera japonica and Thalassia hemprichii; right: Thalassia hemprichii, Zostera japonica, and Halophila ovalis (Huang, 2019) |
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