Effects of ration (from starvation to satiation) and temperature (21℃, 27℃ and 31℃) on growth and nitrogen budget of young cobia (initial body weight about 10g) were studied, and the relationship between specific growth rate (SGR) and ration as well as temperature and the nitrogen budget were established in this paper. The results showed that at a given temperature, as ration increased, SGR increased significantly, exhibiting a linear pattern described as a simple function at 33℃ whereas a decelerating pattern described as a logarithmical equations at 27℃ and 21℃. At a given ration, except for starvation, as temperature increased, SGR increased or first increased then decreased, all described as quadric functions. At a given temperature, as ration increased, feed conversion efficiency (FCE) increased at 21℃ and 33℃ whereas first increased then decreased at 27℃. At a given ration (except for the starvation), as temperature increased, FCE increased or first increased then decreased and peaked at 27℃ for fish fed restricted food while there was no significant difference between 27℃ and 33℃ though FCE peaked at 33℃ for fish fed satiation. Over the experimental ration and temperature range excretion nitrogen of young cobia increased significantly with increasing ration and temperature.
SUN Li-hua
,
CHEN Hao-ru
. Effects of ration and temperature on growth and nitrogen budget of young cobia Rachycentron canadum[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2014
, 33(2)
: 37
-44
.
DOI: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.02.005
[1].白志毅, 何学军, 李思发. 2003. 尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼氮收支与饲料组成关系[J]. 上海水产大学学报, 12(4): 298-302.
[2].孙丽华, 陈浩如, 黄洪辉, 等. 2010. 摄食水平和饵料种类对军曹鱼幼鱼生长及氮收支的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 29(4): 94-101.
[3].唐启升, 孙耀, 张波, 等. 1999. 4种渤黄海底层经济鱼类的能量收支及其比较[J]. 海洋水产研究, 20(2): 48-52.
[4].唐启升, 孙耀, 张波. 2003. 7种海洋鱼类的生物能量学模式[J]. 水产学报, 27(5): 443-449.
[5].线薇薇, 朱鑫华. 2000. 摄食水平对褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼生长影响的初步研究[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报, 30(3): 453-458.
[6].杨严鸥, 崔奕波, 熊邦喜, 等. 2003. 建鲤和异育银鲫摄食不同质量饲料时的氮收支和能量收支比较[J]. 水生生物学报, 27(6): 572-578.
[7].ALLEN J R M, WOOTTON R J. 1982. The effect of ration and temperature on the growth of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L.[J]. J Fish Biol, 20: 409-422.
[8].BEAMISH F W H, THOMAS E. 1984. Effects of dietary protein and lipid on nitrogen losses in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri[J]. Aquaculture, 41: 359-371.
[9].BIRKETT L. 1969. The nitrogen balance in plaice, sole and perch[J]. J Exp Biol, 50: 375-386.
[10].BRETT J R, SHELBOURN J E, SHOOP C T. 1969. Growth rate and body composition of fingerling sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, in relation to temperature and ration rate[J]. J Fish Res Bd Can, 26: 2363-2394.
[11].CHOU R L, SU M S, CHEN H Y. 2001. Optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)[J]. Aquaculture, 193: 81-89.
[12].ELLIOTT J M. 1976. The energetics of feeding, metabolism and growth of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in relation to body weight, water temperature and ration sizes[J]. J Anim Ecol, 45: 923-948.
[13].FAULK C K, HOLT G J. 2008. Biochemical composition and quality of captive-spawned cobia Rachycentron canadum eggs[J]. Aquaculture, 279: 70-76.
[14].FLOWERDEW M W, GROVE D J. 1980. An energy budget of juvenile thick-lipped mullet, Crenimugil labrosus (Risso)[J]. J Fish Biol, 17: 395-410.
[15].FRANKS J S, GARBER N M, WARREN J R. 1996. Stomach contents of juvenile Cobia, Rachycentron canadum, from the northern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Fish Bull, 94(2): 374-380.
[16].HANDELAND S O, IMSLAND A K, STEFANSSON S O. 2008. The effect of temperature and fish size on growth, feed intake, food conversion efficiency and stomach evacuation rate of Atlantic salmon post-smolts[J]. Aquaculture, 283: 36-42.
[17].HOLT G J, FAULK C K, SCHWARZ M H. 2007. A review of the larviculture of cobia Rachycentron canadum, a warm water marine fish[J]. Aquaculture, 268: 181-187.
[18].JOBLING M. 1994. Fish Bioenergetics[M]. London: Chapman and Hall: 31-37.
[19].LIAO I C, HUANG T S, TSAI W S, et al. 2004. Cobia culture in Taiwan: current status and problems[J]. Aquaculture, 237: 155-165.
[20].RUSSELL N R, FISH J D, WOOTTON R J. 1996. Feeding and growth of juvenile sea bass: the effect of ration and temperature on growth rate and efficiency[J]. J Fish Biol, 49: 206-220.
[21].STAPLES D J, NOMURA M. 1976. Influence of body size and food ration on the energy budget of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Richardson[J]. J Fish Biol, 9: 29-43.
[22].SUN L H, CHEN H R, HUANG L M, et al. 2006. Growth, faecal production, nitrogenous excretion and energy budget of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) relative to feed type and ration level[J]. Aquaculture, 259: 211-221.
[23].SWEKA J A, COX M K, HARTMAN J J. 2004. Gastric evacuation rates of brook trout[J]. Trans Am Fish Soc, 133: 204-210.
[24].WOIWODE J G, ADELMAN I R. 1991. Effects of temperature, photoperiod, and ration size on growth of hybrid striped bass×white bass[J]. Trans Am Fish Soc, 120: 217-229.
[25].
