Based on the high spatial resolution satellite observation data of sea level anomalies (SLA) and tide gauge station observations, we studied spatial pattern and mechanism of the anomaly high sea level in the South China Sea (SCS) during 2005~2010. The results showed that the basin mean sea level in the SCS had an increasing rate of about 17 mm·a-1 during 2005~2010 and that the spatial distribution of the increasing rate had significant differences in the SCS. The largest rate appeared in the central-west SCS, with an increasing rate of more than 30 mm·a-1; on the other hand, the increasing rate was relatively small in the southern SCS, at about 12 mm·a-1, consistent with the results using tide gauge station data. During 1993~2004, the sea level trend in the SCS was closely associated with the sea surface temperature anomalies caused by the variability of meridional wind. During 2005~2010, three strong La Niña events led to abnormally high sea level in the SCS. In addition, affected by the low-frequency variation of the Southern Oscillation and the North Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), the wind stress displayed strong easterly wind anomaly in the central-west basin of the SCS, resulting in anomaly negative wind stress curl, which also led to abnormally high sea level in the SCS.
QIU Fu-wen
,
FANG Wen-dong
,
ZHU Da-yong
,
CHA Jing
. Characteristics and mechanism of the sea level rise in the South China Sea during 2005~2010[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2015
, 34(5)
: 11
-18
.
DOI: 10.11978/2014123
1 陈海英, 方国洪, 乔方利, 等. 2007. 南海海面温度与Niño/DMI指数年际变异的相关性分析[J]. 海洋科学进展, 25(1): 20-27.
2 黄卓, 徐海明, 杜岩, 等. 2009. El Niño期间和后期南海海表面温度的两次显著增暖过程[J]. 热带海洋学报, 28(5): 49-55.
3 李立, 许金电, 靖春生, 等. 2002. 南海海面高度\动力地形和环流的周年变化——TOPEX/POSEIDON 卫星测高应用研究[J]. 中国科学D 辑: 地球科学, 32(12): 978-994.
4 刘秦玉, 杨海军, 贾英来, 等. 2001. 南海海面高度季节变化的数值模拟[J]. 海洋学报, 23(2): 10-17.
5 丘福文, 方文东, 郭朴. 2011. 2000-2008年期间南海海面温度的年际与空间变异[J]. 海洋学报, 33(3): 11-18.
6 王卫强, 王东晓, 施平, 等. 2001. 南海大尺度动力场年循环和年际变化[J]. 热带海洋学报, 20(1): 61-68.
7 邢延松, 程国胜, 舒业强, 等. 2012. El Niño 事件期间南海环流的异常特征[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 43: 201-210.
8 CHAO S Y, SHAW P T, WU S Y. 1996. El Niño modulation of the South China Sea circulation[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 38: 51-93.
9 CHEN XIAO, QIU BO, CHENG XUHUA, et al. 2015. Intraseasonal variability of Pacific-originated sea level anomaly around the Philippine Archipelago[J]. J Oceanography, 71(3): 239-249.
10 CHENG XUHUA, QI YIQUAN. 2007. Trends of sea level variations in the South China Sea from merged altimetry data[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 57(3/4): 371-382.
11 CHENG XUHUA, QI YIQUAN, ZHOU WEN. 2008. Trends of sea level variations in the Indo-Pacific warm pool[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 63(1): 57-66.
12 CHENG XUHUA, QI YIQUAN. 2010. On steric and mass-induced contributions to the annual sea-level variations in the South China Sea[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 72(3): 227-233.
13 FANG GUOHONG, CHEN HAIYING, WEI ZEXUN, et al. 2006. Trends and interannual variability of the South China Sea surface winds, surface height, and surface temperature in the recent decade[J]. J Geophys Res, 111: C11S16.
14 FANG WENDONG, GUO JUNJIAN, SHI PING, et al. 2006. Low frequency variability of South China Sea surface circulation from 11 years of satellite altimeter data[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 33: L22612.
15 FANG WENDONG, QIU FUWEN, GUO PU. 2014. Summer circulation variability in the South China Sea during 2006-2010[J]. J Mar Syst, 137(0): 47-54.
16 HUANG ZHUO, DU YAN, WU YANLING, XU HAIMING. 2013. Asymmetric responses of the sea surface temperature to El Nino/La Nina in the South China Sea[J]. J Ocean Univ China, 12(2): 272-278.
17 LEE T, M J MCPHADEN. 2008. Decadal phase change in large-scale sea level and winds in the Indo-Pacific region at the end of the 20th century[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 35(1): L01605.
18 LI LI, XU JINDIAN, CAI RONGSHUO. 2002. Trends of sea level rise in the South China Sea during the 1990s: An altimetry result[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47(7): 582-585.
19 MANTUA N J, HARE S R, ZHANG Y, et al. 1997. A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production. Bull[J]. Am Meteorol Soc, 78: 1069-1079.
20 MERRIFIELD M A, M E MALTRUD. 2011. Regional sea level trends due to a Pacific trade wind intensification[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 38: L21605.
21 MERRIFIELD M A, P R THOMPSON, M LANDER. 2012. Multidecadal sea level anomalies and trends in the western tropical Pacific[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 39(13): L13602.
22 QIU BO, CHEN SHUIMING. 2010. Interannual-to-decadal variability in the bifurcation of the north equatorial current off the Philippines[J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 40(11): 2525-2538.
23 QIU FUWEN, FANG WENDONG, FANG YUE, et al. 2012. Anomalous oceanic characteristics in the South China Sea associated with the large-scale forcing during 2006-2009[J]. J Mar Syst, 100-101(0): 9-18.
24 RONG ZENGRUI, LIU YUGUANG, ZONG HAIBO, et al. 2007. Interannual sea level variability in the South China Sea and its response to ENSO[J]. Global and Planet Change, 55: 251-272.
25 WANG CHUNZAI, WANG WEIQIANG, WANG DONGXIAO, et al. 2006. Interannual variability of the South China Sea associated with El Nino[J]. J Geophys Res, 111: C030203.
26 WU C R, SHAW P T, CHAO S Y. 1999. Assimilating altimeter data into a South China Sea model[J]. J Geophys Res, 104: 29987-30005.
27 WYRTKI K. 1961. Physical oceanography of the Southeast Asia waters[J]. NAGA Rep, 2: 1-195.
28 YAN YOUFANG, QI YIQUAN, ZHOU WEN. 2010. Interannual heat content variability in the South China Sea and its response to ENSO[J]. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 50(3): 400-414.
29 ZHUANG WEI, QIU BO, DU YAN. 2013. Low-frequency western Pacific Ocean sea level and circulation changes due to the connectivity of the Philippine Archipelago[J]. J Geophys Res Oceans, 118: 6759-6773.
