Based on the simple ocean data assimilation (SODA) reanalysis and satellite observations, we analyzed the seasonal variation of the meridional salt exchange between the Bay of Bengal (BOB) and the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean (EEIO). We estimated the annual-mean freshwater transport along the 6°N section at the mouth of the BOB. Results showed that the salt exchange between BOB and EEIO is dominated by the currents, and its direction is almost opposite between the east and west sides at the bay mouth. During the southwest monsoon (northeast monsoon), the salt flux is northward (southward) in the west while it is southward (northward) in the east of the bay mouth. Furthermore, the freshwater flows out of (into) the bay during April to October (November to the following March). The freshwater transport from the BOB to the EEIO happens in the whole depth. The annual-mean freshwater transport is 1.0×105m3·s-1.
XUAN Li-li
,
QIU Yun
,
XU Jin-dian
,
Li Zi-qiang
. Seasonal variation of the water exchange between the Bay of Bengal and the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2015
, 34(6)
: 26
-34
.
DOI: 10.11978/2015012
1 贾小龙, 陈丽娟, 龚振淞, 等. 2011. 2010年海洋和大气环流异常及对中国气候的影响[J]. 气象, 37(4): 446-453.
2 罗绍华, 金祖辉, 陈猎庭. 1985. 印度洋和南海海温与长江中下游夏季降水的相关分析[J]. 大气科学, 9(3): 314-320.
3 邱云, 李立. 2007. 孟加拉湾上层地转环流周年变化的遥感研究[J]. 海洋学报, 29(3): 39-46.
4 苏纪兰, 吴国雄, 周天军, 等. 2009. 海-气相互作用与东亚气候变率研究进展与展望 第37次“双清论坛”综述[J]. 中国科学基金, 5: 262-264.
5 王磊, 林丽贞, 谢聿原, 等. 2012. 冬季东海及南海北部海域初级生产力和新生产力的初步研究[J]. 海洋学研究, 30(1): 59-66.
6 吴国雄, 李建平, 周天军, 等. 2006. 影响我国短期气候异常的关键区——亚印太交汇区[J]. 地球科学进展, 21(11): 1109-1118.
7 吴国雄, 关月, 王同美, 等. 2010. 春季孟加拉湾涡旋形成及其对亚洲夏季风爆发的激发作用[J]. 地球科学, 40(11): 1459-1467.
8 宣莉莉, 邱云, 许金电, 等. 2014. 热带东印度洋表层环流季节变化特征研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 33(1): 26-35.
9 晏红明, 严华生, 谢应齐. 2001. 中国汛期降水的印度洋SSTA信号特征分析[J]. 热带气象学报, 17(2): 109-116.
10 张人禾. 1999. El Niño盛期印度夏季风水汽输送在我国华北地区夏季降水异常中的作用[J]. 高原气象, 18(4): 567-574.
11 张玉红, 徐海明, 杜岩, 等. 2009. 阿拉伯海东南海域盐度收支的季节变化[J]. 热带海洋学报, 28(5): 66-74.
12 张玉红, 杜岩, 徐海明, 等. 2012. 赤道印度洋中部断面东西水交换的季节变化及其区域差异[J]. 海洋学报, 34(2): 30-38.
13 CARTON J A, GIESE B S. 2008. A reanalysis of ocean climate using simple ocean data assimilation (SODA)[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 136(8): 2999-3017.
14 DAI A, TRENBERTH K E. 2002. Estimates of freshwater discharge from continents: Latitudinal and seasonal variations[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 3(6): 660-687.
15 FANG GUOHONG, WANG YONGGANG, WEI ZEXUN, et al. 2009. Interocean circulation and heat and freshwater budgets of the South China Sea based on a numerical model[J]. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 47(1): 55-72.
16 FANG GUOHONG, SUSANTO R D, WIRASANTOSA S, et al. 2010. Volume, heat, and freshwater transports from the South China Sea to Indonesian seas in the boreal winter of 2007-2008[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 115(C12): C120201-C1202011.
17 HAN W, MCCREARY J P. 2001. Modeling salinity distributions in the Indian Ocean[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106(C1): 859-877.
18 JENSEN T G. 2003. Cross-equatorial pathways of salt and tracers from the northern Indian Ocean: Modelling results[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part Ⅱ: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50: 2111-2127.
19 LAGERLOEF G S E, MITCHUM G T, LUKAS R B, et al. 1999. Tropical Pacific near-surface currents estimated from altimeter, wind, and drifter data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (1978-2012), 104(C10): 23313-23326.
20 MIYAMA T, MCCREARY JR J P, JENSEN T G, et al. 2003. Structure and dynamics of the Indian-Ocean cross-equatorial cell[J]. Deep-Sea Research Part Ⅱ: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50(12): 2023-2047.
21 PRASANNA K S, NARVEKAR J, KUMAR A, et al. 2004. Intrusion of the Bay of Bengal water into the Arabian Sea during winter monsoon and associated chemical and biological response[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 31: L15304.
22 RUDEK J, HANS W P, MICHAEL A M, et al. 1991. Seasonal and hydrological control of phytoplankton nutrient limitation in the lower Neuse River Estuary[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 75: 133-142.
23 SCHOTT F A, MCCREARY J P. 2001. The monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 51: 1-123.
24 SCHOTT F A, XIE S P, MCCREARY J P. 2009. Indian Ocean circulation and climate variability[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 47(RG1002): 1-46.
25 SENGUPTA D, BHARATH RAJ G N, SHENOI S S C. 2006. Surface freshwater from Bay of Bengal runoff and Indonesian Throughflow in the tropical Indian Ocean[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 33: L22609.
26 SHANKAR D, VINAYACHANDRAN P, UNNIKRISHNAN A S. 2002. The monsoon currents in the north Indian Ocean[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 52: 63-120.
27 SHETYE S R, GOUVEIA A D, SHANKAR D, et al. 1996. Hydrography and circulation in the western Bay of Bengal during the northeast monsoon[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 101: 14011-1402.
28 STRAMMA L, FISCHER J, SCHOTT F. 1996. The flow field off southwest India at 8°N during the southwest monsoon of August 1993[J]. Journal of Marine Research, 54(1): 55-72.
29 TOMCZAK M, GODFREY J S. 1994. Regional oceanography: An introduction[M]. Great Britain: Butler & Tanner Ltd, 182-184.
30 VINAYACHANDRAN P N, SHANKAR D, VERNEKAR S, et al. 2013. A summer monsoon pump to keep the Bay of Bengal salty[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 40: 1777-1782.
31 WEBSTER P J. 1994. The role of hydrological processes in ocean- atmosphere interactions[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 32(4): 427-476.
32 WYRTKI K. 1973. An equatorial jet in the Indian Ocean[J]. Science, New Series, 181(4096): 262-264.
33 XUAN LILI, QIU YUN, XU JINDIAN, et al. 2012. Hydrography and circulation in the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean during April-May 2011[J]. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 5(4): 284-289.
