Marine Biology

The tissue structure and cellular characteristics of marine sponge Axinella sp. living in the South China Sea

  • SONG Yuefan ,
  • QU Yi ,
  • CAO Xupeng ,
  • WANG Qiukuan ,
  • ZHANG Wei
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  • 1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;
    2. Dalian Environmental Monitoring Centre, Dalian 116023, China;
    3. Marine Bioengineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China;
    4. Flinders Centre for Marine Bioprocessing and Bioproducts, Flinders University, Adelaide SA5042, Australia

Received date: 2015-08-29

  Online published: 2016-08-04

Supported by

Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province (2014005); General Scientific Project from the Department of Education of Liaoning Province (L2014281)

Abstract

Sponges are important sources of natural bioactive products. In recent years, studies in this area mainly focused on separation, identification and bioactivity determination of sponge compounds. However, little progress has been made on the structure organization and cell biology of the organisms. In this research, histology method and transmission electronic microscopy were used to study the structure pattern of Axinella sp., and identify cells in their natural form. A purification protocol was used to enrich four types of sponge cells. The enriched cells then went through a series of analyses to determine their densities, microscopic features, cellular contents and culturability. The results showed that Axinella sp. held a leuconoid canal system, with a structure consisted of exopinacoderm, ectosome and choanosome. The major cell types were two kinds of spherulous cell (A and B), archaeocyte and choanocyte. The two types of spherulous cells both have high densities, peculiar fluorescent features as well as characteristic cell inclusions. In archaeocytes and choanocytes, carbonhydrate and lipid were detected. The extracts of these two cells had absorptions in visible light region, which shared similar absorption spectra with carotenoid. Besides the spherulous cell B, the other enriched cell fractions showed culturability. The result also suggested that the spherulous cells might be differentiated from the choanocytes. The research provided a foundation for future studies on cell differentiation, metabolism pathways and cell culture pattern of marine sponges.

Cite this article

SONG Yuefan , QU Yi , CAO Xupeng , WANG Qiukuan , ZHANG Wei . The tissue structure and cellular characteristics of marine sponge Axinella sp. living in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016 , 35(4) : 71 -81 . DOI: 10.11978/2015114

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