Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Different SST seasonally variability in the South China Sea during the decaying year of the two types of El Niño
Received date: 2016-03-02
Request revised date: 2016-04-17
Online published: 2017-01-19
Supported by
Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (CAS/SAFEA) International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams, Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA11010403)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41376025, 41422601, 41576012)
Copyright
This study suggests that the sea surface temperature (SST) in the South China Sea (SCS) has different temporal and spatial characteristics in response to the eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño and central Pacific (CP) El Niño. Temporal features are consistent with previous research: the warm SST anomalies located in the SCS during winter of the developing year and summer of the decaying year of El Niño. As for spatial features, the first significant warming peak is confined to the west of 115°E for EP El Niño events, then the warm SST anomaly center propagate to the eastern SCS, and the second warming peak is located to the east of 110°E. But the double warming peaks are limited to the west of 115°E for CP El Niño events. Different wind anomaly fields during the summer of the decaying year of the two types of El Niño led to different locations of the warm SST anomalies in the SCS. Further physical mechanism analysis show that the second significant warming of the SCS SST during the EP El Niño is associated with the India Ocean basin mode, while the second warming during the CP El Niño is under the influence of the CP El Niño.
CHEN Mengyan , WANG Xin , LIU Qinyan , TAN Wei . Different SST seasonally variability in the South China Sea during the decaying year of the two types of El Niño[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2017 , 36(1) : 1 -8 . DOI: 10.11978/2016024
Fig. 1 Time series of the Niño3 (blue solid line) and EMI (red solid line) indices (units: ℃). The blue and red dashed lines indicate the ±0.75 standard deviation of the Niño3 and EMI, which are ±0.71 and ±0.38, respectively图1 Niño3 (蓝色实线)和EMI指数(红色实线)的时间序列(单位: ℃) |
Fig. 2 The three-point running mean of composited Niño3 (red) for eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events and EMI (blue) for central Pacific (CP) El Niño events (a). The three-point running mean of composited SST anomalies averaged in the SCS for EP (red) and CP (blue) El Niño events (b).图2 Niño3(红色)和EMI(蓝色)指数在东部型和中部型 El Niño事件的发生和衰退年合成的3点滑动平均(a)以及南海区域平均的SSTA在东部型(红色)和中部型(蓝色)El Niño事件时的合成的3点滑动平均(b) |
Fig. 3 Composite fields of SCS SST anomalies averaged over latitudes of EP El Niño (a) and CP El Niño events (b). The contour interval is 0.1℃. Stippling indicates the composite exceeding the 90% significance level图3 南海区域在东部型(a)和中部型(b) El Niño时的SSTA合成的经向平均 |
Fig. 4 Composited SCS SST anomalies (shading; ℃), surface wind anomalies (vector; m·s-1) and surface wind speed anomalies (contour; m·s-1) during decaying July- August-September [JAS (+1)] of EP El Niño (left column) and during May-June-July [MJJ (+1)] of CP El Niño (right column). Stippling indicates the composited SSTA exceeding the 90% significance level. Black arrows indicate the surface what greater than 0.2 ms-1. The contour interval is 0.1 ms-1. The solid contour lines indicate positive values, and dashed contour lines indicate negative values图4 南海月平均SSTA, 月平均风场异常合成场(矢量, 单位: m·s-1)和月平均风场异常的标量风速大小(等值线, 单位: m·s-1) |
Fig. 5 Composited India and Pacific Ocean’ SST anomalies (shading; ℃) and surface wind anomalies (vector; m·s-1) during July-August-September [JAS (+1)] of EP El Niño (a) and during May-June-July [MJJ (+1)] of CP El Niño (b). Stippling indicates the composited SSTA exceeding the 90% significance level. Black (gray) arrows indicate the surface what greater (less) than 0.2 m·s-1图5 印度洋和太平洋月平均SSTA和月平均风场异常(矢量, 单位: m·s-1)在东部型El Niño事件衰退年夏末(7、8、9月)(a)和中部型El Niño事件衰退年夏初(5、6、7月)的合成(b) |
Fig. 6 Correlation between July-August-September (JAS) averaged SCS SSTA over what and the IOBM (JAS) index. Stippling indicates the correlation exceeding the 90% significance level图6 南海7、8、9月平均的SSTA和IOBM指数的相关系数空间分布 |
Fig. 7 Composited India and Pacific Ocean’ SLP anomalies (shading; 100 Pa) during July-August-September (JAS (+1)) of EP El Niño (a) and during May-June-July [MJJ (+1)] of CP El Niño (b). Stippling indicates the composited SLP anomalies exceeding the 90% significance level图7 印度洋和太平洋月平均SLP异常在东部型El Niño事件衰退年夏末(7、8、9月)(a)和中部型El Niño事件衰退年夏初(5、6、7月)的合成(b) |
Fig. 8 Correlation between May-June-July (MJJ) averaged SCS SSTA over what and the EMI (MJJ) index. Stippling indicates the correlation exceeding the 90% significance level图8 南海5、6、7月平均的SSTA和EMI(5、6、7月)指数的相关系数空间分布 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
[1] |
|
[2] |
|
[3] |
|
[4] |
|
[5] |
|
[6] |
|
[7] |
|
[8] |
|
[9] |
|
[10] |
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
|
[13] |
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
|
[16] |
|
[17] |
|
[18] |
|
[19] |
|
[20] |
|
[21] |
|
[22] |
|
[23] |
|
[24] |
|
[25] |
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |